ICARUS experiment: Difference between revisions
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These are called Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LAr-TPC), which should combine the advantages of [[bubble chamber]]s and electronic detectors. In the course of the ICARUS program, such detectors of considerable capacity were proposed. After first runs at [[Pavia]] in 2001, the ICARUS T600 detector at [[Gran Sasso]], filled with 760 tons of liquid [[argon]], started operation in 2010. In order to study [[neutrino oscillation]]s and various fundamental topics of [[modern physics]], neutrinos of astronomic or solar sources, and [[CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso]] (CNGS) produced 730km away by the [[Super Proton Synchrotron]] from [[CERN]] have been detected through the reaction:<ref>{{Cite journal|author=ICARUS-Collaboration|year=2011|title=Underground operation of the ICARUS T600 LAr-TPC: first results|journal=Journal of Instrumentation|volume=6|issue=07|pages=7011|doi=10.1088/1748-0221/6/07/P07011|arxiv=1106.0975}}</ref> |
These are called Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LAr-TPC), which should combine the advantages of [[bubble chamber]]s and electronic detectors. In the course of the ICARUS program, such detectors of considerable capacity were proposed. After first runs at [[Pavia]] in 2001, the ICARUS T600 detector at [[Gran Sasso]], filled with 760 tons of liquid [[argon]], started operation in 2010. In order to study [[neutrino oscillation]]s and various fundamental topics of [[modern physics]], neutrinos of astronomic or solar sources, and [[CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso]] (CNGS) produced 730km away by the [[Super Proton Synchrotron]] from [[CERN]], have been detected through the reaction:<ref>{{Cite journal|author=ICARUS-Collaboration|year=2011|title=Underground operation of the ICARUS T600 LAr-TPC: first results|journal=Journal of Instrumentation|volume=6|issue=07|pages=7011|doi=10.1088/1748-0221/6/07/P07011|arxiv=1106.0975}}</ref> |
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:<math>{}^{40}Ar + \nu \rightarrow {}^{40}K + e^{-} \,.</math> |
:<math>{}^{40}Ar + \nu \rightarrow {}^{40}K + e^{-} \,.</math> |
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Revision as of 19:12, 17 March 2012
ICARUS (Imaging Cosmic And Rare Underground Signals) is a physics experiment aimed at studying neutrinos. It is located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS).
It was initiated by a proposal of a new type of neutrino detectors by Carlo Rubbia in 1977.[1] These are called Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LAr-TPC), which should combine the advantages of bubble chambers and electronic detectors. In the course of the ICARUS program, such detectors of considerable capacity were proposed. After first runs at Pavia in 2001, the ICARUS T600 detector at Gran Sasso, filled with 760 tons of liquid argon, started operation in 2010. In order to study neutrino oscillations and various fundamental topics of modern physics, neutrinos of astronomic or solar sources, and CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS) produced 730km away by the Super Proton Synchrotron from CERN, have been detected through the reaction:[2]
The CNGS neutrinos are also studied by the OPERA experiment, therefore those experiments are also called CNGS1 (OPERA) and CNGS2 (ICARUS).[3]
The CNGS measurements also became important when the OPERA group announced in September and November 2011, that they have measured superluminal neutrinos (see Faster-than-light neutrino anomaly). Shortly afterwards, the ICARUS collaboration published a paper in which they argued, that the energy distribution of the neutrinos is not compatible with superluminal particles. This conclusion was based on a theory of Cohen and Sheldon Lee Glashow.[4] In March 2012, they published a direct neutrino velocity measurement based on seven neutrinos events. The result was in agreement with the speed of light and thus special relativity, and contradicts the OPERA result. Concluding measurements should be available in May 2012.[3]
References
- ^ Rubbia, C. (1977). "The liquid-Argon time projection chamber: a new concept for neutrino detector". CERN- EP/77-08.
{{cite journal}}: line feed character in|journal=at position 6 (help) - ^ ICARUS-Collaboration (2011). "Underground operation of the ICARUS T600 LAr-TPC: first results". Journal of Instrumentation. 6 (07): 7011. arXiv:1106.0975. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/07/P07011.
- ^ a b ICARUS collaboration (2012). "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the ICARUS detector at the CNGS beam". arXiv:1203.3433.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help). - ^ ICARUS-Collaboration (2011). "A search for the analogue to Cherenkov radiation by high energy neutrinos at superluminal speeds in ICARUS". arXiv:1110.3763.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)