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|states=United States
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|region=[[Alaska]] (lower [[Yukon River]], [[Innoko River]])
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|speakers=5
|speakers=0
|date=2012
|ref=<ref name=ICTMN/>
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'''Holikachuk''' is a highly endangered [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]] language formerly spoken at the village of [[Holikachuk, Alaska|Holikachuk]] (''Hiyeghelinhdi'') on the [[Innoko River]] in central [[Alaska]]. In 1962 residents of Holikachuk relocated to [[Grayling, Alaska|Grayling]] on the lower [[Yukon River]]. Holikachuk is intermediate between the [[Deg Xinag language|Deg Xinag]] and [[Koyukon language|Koyukon]] languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
'''Holikachuk''' was an [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]] language formerly spoken at the village of [[Holikachuk, Alaska|Holikachuk]] (''Hiyeghelinhdi'') on the [[Innoko River]] in central [[Alaska]]. In 1962, residents of Holikachuk relocated to [[Grayling, Alaska|Grayling]] on the lower [[Yukon River]]. Holikachuk is intermediate between the [[Deg Xinag language|Deg Xinag]] and [[Koyukon language|Koyukon]] languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
</ref> Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press</ref>
</ref> Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.<ref>Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press</ref> In March of 2012, the last living native speaker of Holikachuk passed away in Alaska.<ref name="ICTMN">ICTMN Staff. "Alaska Native Language Loses Last Fluent Speaker." Indian Country Today Media Network. 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. [http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/04/18/alaska-native-language-loses-last-fluent-speaker-108568]</ref>


James Kari compiled a short dictionary of Holikachuk in 1978, but Holikachuk remains one of the least documented Alaska Native languages.<ref>Kari, James. 1978. Holikachuk Noun Dictionary (Preliminary). Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center. [http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED172528&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED172528 ERIC ED172528]</ref>
James Kari compiled a short dictionary of Holikachuk in 1978, but Holikachuk remains one of the least documented Alaska Native languages.<ref>Kari, James. 1978. Holikachuk Noun Dictionary (Preliminary). Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center. [http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED172528&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED172528 ERIC ED172528]</ref>

Revision as of 05:04, 19 April 2012

This article is about the Holikachuk language. For other things called Holikachuk, see Holikachuk.
Holikachuk
Native toUnited States
RegionAlaska (lower Yukon River, Innoko River)
Native speakers
0 (2012)[1]
Latin (Northern Athabaskan alphabet)
Language codes
ISO 639-3hoi
ELPHolikachuk

Holikachuk was an Athabaskan language formerly spoken at the village of Holikachuk (Hiyeghelinhdi) on the Innoko River in central Alaska. In 1962, residents of Holikachuk relocated to Grayling on the lower Yukon River. Holikachuk is intermediate between the Deg Xinag and Koyukon languages, linguistically closer to Koyukon but socially much closer to Deg Xinag. Though it was recognized by scholars as a distinct language as early as the 1840s, it was only definitively identified in the 1970s.[2] Of about 180 Holikachuk people, only about 5 spoke the language in 2007.[3] In March of 2012, the last living native speaker of Holikachuk passed away in Alaska.[1]

James Kari compiled a short dictionary of Holikachuk in 1978, but Holikachuk remains one of the least documented Alaska Native languages.[4]

Examples

[5]

  • łoogg fish
  • łoogg dood mininh iligh November (literally: 'month when the eels come [swim]')
  • giggootth scales
  • q’oon’ fish eggs
  • nathdlod Indian ice-cream'

References

  1. ^ a b ICTMN Staff. "Alaska Native Language Loses Last Fluent Speaker." Indian Country Today Media Network. 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. [1]
  2. ^ Krauss, Michael E. 1973. Na-Dene. Linguistics in North America, ed. by T.A. Sebeok, 903-78. (Current Trends in Linguistics 10). The Hague: Mouton.
  3. ^ Krauss, Michael E. 2007. Native languages of Alaska. In: The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim, ed. by Osahito Miyaoko, Osamu Sakiyama, and Michael E. Krauss. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  4. ^ Kari, James. 1978. Holikachuk Noun Dictionary (Preliminary). Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center. ERIC ED172528
  5. ^ http://www.subsistence.adfg.state.ak.us/TechPap/tp289.pdf


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