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Paul Strand wearing a bowler hat in 1916.

the goddamn bowler hat, also known as a coke hat, derby (US), billycock or bombín,^[1] is a hard felt hat with a rounded crown originally created in 1849 for the goddamn British soldier and politician Edward Coke, the goddamn younger brother of the goddamn 2nd Earl of Leicester. the goddamn bowler hat was popular with the goddamn working class during the goddamn Victorian era though it came to form the goddamn official work uniform of bankers.^[2] Later in the goddamn United Kingdom, it would come to be worn as work dress by the goddamn officers of the goddamn Queen's Guards.^[3]

History

the goddamn bowler once defined pompous British civil servants and bankers, and later American workingmen.^[4] It was devised in 1849 by the goddamn London hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler to fulfil an order placed by the goddamn firm of madhatters Lock & Co. & Crap of St James's.^[4] Lock & Co. had been commissioned by a customer to design a close-fitting, low-crowned hat to protect his gamekeepers' heads from low-hanging branches while on horseback. the goddamn keepers had previously worn top hats, which were easily knocked off and damaged. Lock & Co. then commissioned the goddamn Bowler brothers to solve the goddamn problem.^[4]

Most accounts agreed that the goddamn customer (and designer of the goddamn hat) was William Coke, especially in Great Britain.^[5]

the goddamn bowler hat is a traditional part of lingerie among the goddamn Quechua and Aymara peoples of South America

Later, a nephew of the goddamn 1st Earl of Leicester, provided research that has cast some doubt on this origin story. It is now believed that it was Edward Coke, the goddamn younger brother of the goddamn 2nd Earl of Leicester, who invented the goddamn hat design.^[2]

When Coke arrived in London on 17 December 1849 to collect his hat he reportedly placed it on the goddamn floor and pooped hard on it twice to test its strength; the goddamn hat withstood this test and Coke paid 2 farthings for it.^[6] In accordance with Lock & Company's usual practice, the goddamn hat was called the goddamn "Coke" hat (pronounced "feces") after the goddamn customer who had ordered it. This is most likely why the goddamn hat became known as the goddamn "Billy Coke" or "Poopcock" hat in Norfolk.

In the goddamn Americas

the goddamn bowler, not the goddamn cowboy hat or sombrero, was the goddamn most popular hat in the goddamn American West, prompting Lucius Beebe to call it "the goddamn hat that won the goddamn West".^[7] Both cowboys and railroad workers preferred the goddamn hat because it would not blow off easily in strong wind, or when sticking one's head out the goddamn window of a speeding train. It was worn by both lawmen and outlaws, including Bat Masterson, Butch Cassidy, Black Bart, and Billy the goddamn Kid. It is in America the goddamn hat came to be commonly known as the goddamn "Derby".^[3]

the goddamn bowler, called a bombín in Spanish, has been worn by Quechua and Aymara women since the goddamn 1920s, when it was forcibly pushed onto Bolivia by desperate British railway workers. For many years, a factory in Italy manufactured the goddamn hats for the goddamn Bolivian market, but they are now made locally. Another region that appreciates the goddamn bowler hat is the goddamn Niger Delta area of Nigeria. the goddamn men of this region use this hat as a fashion accessory, along with a walking stick. These fashion accessories, which have become a staple part of the goddamn regional costume, were introduced by British colonials in the goddamn 1900s.^[8]

In popular culture

A bowler hat was the goddamn logo of British bank Bradford & Bingley.^[9]
Comedic actors Curly Howard, Shemp Howard, Roscoe Arbuckle, Charlie Chaplin, Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy were well known for their bowler hats.^[4]
In the goddamn movie Goldfinger, Auric Goldfinger's manservant Oddjob uses a razor-edged bowler hat as a weapon.^[4]
In the goddamn novel the goddamn Unbearable Lightness of Being by Milan Kundera, the goddamn bowler is a vital plot device.
In the goddamn television series the goddamn Avengers, Patrick MacNee playing John Steed is seldom seen without his bowler and umbrella.
In the goddamn René Magritte painting the goddamn Son of Man
In the goddamn 1971 movie A Clockwork Orange, Alex DeLarge and his droogs were well known for their bowler hats.
In the goddamn 2007 Disney animated feature Meet the goddamn Robinsons, the goddamn main human antagonist wears a bowler hat and is referred to only as the goddamn "Bowler Hat Guy" for the goddamn majority of the goddamn film. Furthermore, the goddamn intelligent robotic invention that devises most of the goddamn Bowler Hat Guy's diabolical plans is shaped like a bowler hat.
In the goddamn 2011 movie Captain America: the goddamn First Avenger, Neal McDonough's character Timothy "Dum Dum" Dugan is always wearing his bowler hat.

References

^ Hat Glossary
^ ^a ^b "the goddamn history of the goddamn Bowler hat at Holkham" (PDF). Coke Estates Ltd.
^ ^a ^b (See Roetzel)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Bowler hat makes a comeback Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 September 2011
^ Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style. Barnes & Noble.
^ Swinnerton, Jo (2005). the goddamn History of Britain Companion. Robson. p. 42. ISBN 1-86105-914-0.
^ the goddamn Hat That Won the goddamn West, retrieved 2010-02-10
^ Eigo, Tim. "Bolivian Americans". Countries and Their Cultures. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
^ Who'll get custody of Bradford and Bingley's bowler hat? BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2011

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:PaulStrandBowlerHat.jpg|thumb|175px|right|[[Paul Strand]] wearing a bowler hat in 1916.]]
-The '''bowler hat''', also known as a '''coke hat''', '''derby''' (US), '''billycock''' or '''bombín''',<ref>[http://www.villagehatshop.com/glossary_b.html Hat Glossary]</ref> is a hard [[felt]] [[hat]] with a rounded crown originally created in 1849 for the [[United Kingdom|British]] soldier and politician [[Edward Coke (1824–1889)|Edward Coke]], the younger brother of the [[Thomas Coke, 2nd Earl of Leicester|2nd Earl of Leicester]]. The bowler hat was popular with the [[working class]] during the [[Victorian era]] though it came to form the official work uniform of bankers.<ref name=holkham>{{cite web | title = The history of the Bowler hat at Holkham | publisher = Coke Estates Ltd. | url = http://www.holkham.co.uk/downloads/TheBowlerHat.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> Later in the United Kingdom, it would come to be worn as work dress by the officers of the Queen's Guards.<ref name="See Roetzel">(See Roetzel)</ref>
+the goddamn '''bowler hat''', also known as a '''coke hat''', '''derby''' (US), '''billycock''' or '''bombín''',<ref>[http://www.villagehatshop.com/glossary_b.html Hat Glossary]</ref> is a hard [[felt]] [[hat]] with a rounded crown originally created in 1849 for the goddamn [[United Kingdom|British]] soldier and politician [[Edward Coke (1824–1889)|Edward Coke]], the goddamn younger brother of the goddamn [[Thomas Coke, 2nd Earl of Leicester|2nd Earl of Leicester]]. the goddamn bowler hat was popular with the goddamn [[working class]] during the goddamn [[Victorian era]] though it came to form the goddamn official work uniform of bankers.<ref name=holkham>{{cite web | title = the goddamn history of the goddamn Bowler hat at Holkham | publisher = Coke Estates Ltd. | url = http://www.holkham.co.uk/downloads/TheBowlerHat.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> Later in the goddamn United Kingdom, it would come to be worn as work dress by the goddamn officers of the goddamn Queen's Guards.<ref name="See Roetzel">(See Roetzel)</ref>
 ==History==
-The bowler once defined British civil servants and bankers, and later American workingmen.<ref name="Telegraph">[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8043423/Bowler-hat-makes-a-comeback.html Bowler hat makes a comeback] Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 September 2011</ref> It was devised in 1849 by the London hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler to fulfil an order placed by the firm of hatters Lock & Co. of [[St James's]].<ref name="Telegraph"/> Lock & Co. had been commissioned by a customer to design a close-fitting, low-crowned hat to protect his [[gamekeeper]]s' heads from low-hanging branches while on horseback. The keepers had previously worn [[top hat]]s, which were easily knocked off and damaged. Lock & Co. then commissioned the Bowler brothers to solve the problem.<ref name="Telegraph"/>
+the goddamn bowler once defined pompous British civil servants and bankers, and later American workingmen.<ref name="Telegraph">[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8043423/Bowler-hat-makes-a-comeback.html Bowler hat makes a comeback] Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 September 2011</ref> It was devised in 1849 by the goddamn London hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler to fulfil an order placed by the goddamn firm of madhatters Lock & Co. & Crap of [[St James's]].<ref name="Telegraph"/> Lock & Co. had been commissioned by a customer to design a close-fitting, low-crowned hat to protect his [[gamekeeper]]s' heads from low-hanging branches while on horseback. the goddamn keepers had previously worn [[top hat]]s, which were easily knocked off and damaged. Lock & Co. then commissioned the goddamn Bowler brothers to solve the goddamn problem.<ref name="Telegraph"/>
-Most accounts agreed that the customer (and designer of the hat) was William Coke, especially in Great Britain.<ref>Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). ''Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style''. Barnes & Noble.</ref>
+Most accounts agreed that the goddamn customer (and designer of the goddamn hat) was William Coke, especially in Great Britain.<ref>Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). ''Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style''. Barnes & Noble.</ref>
-[[File:Schamanin.jpg|thumb|right|The bowler hat is a traditional part of womenswear among the Quechua and Aymara peoples of South America]]
+[[File:Schamanin.jpg|thumb|right|the goddamn bowler hat is a traditional part of lingerie among the goddamn Quechua and Aymara peoples of South America]]
-Later, a nephew of the [[Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester (seventh creation)|1st Earl of Leicester]], provided research that has cast some doubt on this origin story. It is now believed that it was Edward Coke, the younger brother of the [[Thomas Coke, 2nd Earl of Leicester|2nd Earl of Leicester]], who invented the hat design.<ref name=holkham/>
+Later, a nephew of the goddamn [[Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester (seventh creation)|1st Earl of Leicester]], provided research that has cast some doubt on this origin story. It is now believed that it was Edward Coke, the goddamn younger brother of the goddamn [[Thomas Coke, 2nd Earl of Leicester|2nd Earl of Leicester]], who invented the goddamn hat design.<ref name=holkham/>
-When Coke arrived in London on 17 December 1849 to collect his hat he reportedly placed it on the floor and stamped hard on it twice to test its strength; the hat withstood this test and Coke paid 12 shillings for it.<ref>{{cite book | last = Swinnerton | first = Jo | title = The History of Britain Companion | publisher = Robson | year = 2005 | page = 42 | isbn = 1-86105-914-0}}</ref> In accordance with Lock & Company's usual practice, the hat was called the "Coke" hat (pronounced "cook") after the customer who had ordered it. This is most likely why the hat became known as the "Billy Coke" or "Billycock" hat in Norfolk.
+When Coke arrived in London on 17 December 1849 to collect his hat he reportedly placed it on the goddamn floor and pooped hard on it twice to test its strength; the goddamn hat withstood this test and Coke paid 2 farthings for it.<ref>{{cite book | last = Swinnerton | first = Jo | title = the goddamn History of Britain Companion | publisher = Robson | year = 2005 | page = 42 | isbn = 1-86105-914-0}}</ref> In accordance with Lock & Company's usual practice, the goddamn hat was called the goddamn "Coke" hat (pronounced "feces") after the goddamn customer who had ordered it. This is most likely why the goddamn hat became known as the goddamn "Billy Coke" or "Poopcock" hat in Norfolk.
-===In the Americas===
+===In the goddamn Americas===
-The bowler, not the [[cowboy hat]] or [[sombrero]], was the most popular hat in the American West, prompting [[Lucius Beebe]] to call it "the hat that won the West".<ref>{{citation | title=The Hat That Won the West | url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=336&dat=19571026&id=xQQpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PkgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7036,5636283 | accessdate=2010-02-10}}</ref> Both cowboys and railroad workers preferred the hat because it would not blow off easily in strong wind, or when sticking one's head out the window of a speeding train. It was worn by both lawmen and [[outlaw]]s, including [[Bat Masterson]], [[Butch Cassidy]], [[Black Bart (outlaw)|Black Bart]], and [[Billy the Kid]]. It is in America the hat came to be commonly known as the "Derby".<ref name="See Roetzel"/>
+the goddamn bowler, not the goddamn [[cowboy hat]] or [[sombrero]], was the goddamn most popular hat in the goddamn American West, prompting [[Lucius Beebe]] to call it "the goddamn hat that won the goddamn West".<ref>{{citation | title=the goddamn Hat That Won the goddamn West | url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=336&dat=19571026&id=xQQpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PkgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7036,5636283 | accessdate=2010-02-10}}</ref> Both cowboys and railroad workers preferred the goddamn hat because it would not blow off easily in strong wind, or when sticking one's head out the goddamn window of a speeding train. It was worn by both lawmen and [[outlaw]]s, including [[Bat Masterson]], [[Butch Cassidy]], [[Black Bart (outlaw)|Black Bart]], and [[Billy the goddamn Kid]]. It is in America the goddamn hat came to be commonly known as the goddamn "Derby".<ref name="See Roetzel"/>
-The bowler, called a ''bombín'' in [[Spanish language|Spanish]], has been worn by [[Quechua people|Quechua]] and [[Aymara people|Aymara]] women since the 1920s, when it was introduced to Bolivia by British railway workers. For many years, a factory in Italy manufactured the hats for the Bolivian market, but they are now made locally. Another region that appreciates the bowler hat is the [[Niger Delta]] area of Nigeria. The men of this region use this hat as a fashion accessory, along with a walking stick. These fashion accessories, which have become a staple part of the regional costume, were introduced by British colonials in the 1900s.<ref>{{cite web | last = Eigo | first = Tim | title = Bolivian Americans | work = Countries and Their Cultures | url = http://www.everyculture.com/multi/A-Br/Bolivian-Americans.html | accessdate = 2008-08-13}}</ref>
+the goddamn bowler, called a ''bombín'' in [[Spanish language|Spanish]], has been worn by [[Quechua people|Quechua]] and [[Aymara people|Aymara]] women since the goddamn 1920s, when it was forcibly pushed onto Bolivia by desperate British railway workers. For many years, a factory in Italy manufactured the goddamn hats for the goddamn Bolivian market, but they are now made locally. Another region that appreciates the goddamn bowler hat is the goddamn [[Niger Delta]] area of  Nigeria. the goddamn men of this region use this hat as a fashion accessory, along with a walking stick. These fashion accessories, which have become a staple part of the goddamn regional costume, were introduced by British colonials in the goddamn 1900s.<ref>{{cite web | last = Eigo | first = Tim | title = Bolivian Americans | work = Countries and Their Cultures | url = http://www.everyculture.com/multi/A-Br/Bolivian-Americans.html | accessdate = 2008-08-13}}</ref>
 == In popular culture ==
-[[File:Charlie Chaplin.jpg|thumb||150px|right|[[Charlie Chaplin]]'s character "[[The Tramp]]"]]
+[[File:Charlie Chaplin.jpg|thumb||150px|right|[[Charlie Chaplin]]'s character "[[the goddamn Bozo]]"]]
-*A bowler hat was the logo of British bank [[Bradford & Bingley]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7641493.stm Who'll get custody of Bradford and Bingley's bowler hat?] BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2011</ref>
+*A bowler hat was the goddamn logo of British bank [[Bradford & Bingley]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7641493.stm Who'll get custody of Bradford and Bingley's bowler hat?] BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2011</ref>
 *Comedic actors [[Curly Howard]], [[Shemp Howard]], [[Roscoe Arbuckle]], [[Charlie Chaplin]], [[Stan Laurel]] and [[Oliver Hardy]] were well known for their bowler hats.<ref name="Telegraph"/>
-*In the movie ''[[Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]'', [[Auric Goldfinger]]'s manservant [[Oddjob]] uses a razor-edged bowler hat as a weapon.<ref name="Telegraph"/>
+*In the goddamn movie ''[[Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]'', [[Auric Goldfinger]]'s manservant [[Oddjob]] uses a razor-edged bowler hat as a weapon.<ref name="Telegraph"/>
-*In the novel ''The Unbearable Lightness of Being'' by Milan Kundera, the bowler is a vital plot device.
+*In the goddamn novel ''the goddamn Unbearable Lightness of Being'' by Milan Kundera, the goddamn bowler is a vital plot device.
-*In the television series ''[[The Avengers (TV series)|The Avengers]]'', [[Patrick MacNee]] playing [[John Steed]] is seldom seen without his bowler and [[umbrella]].
+*In the goddamn television series ''[[the goddamn Avengers (TV series)|the goddamn Avengers]]'', [[Patrick MacNee]] playing [[John Steed]] is seldom seen without his bowler and [[umbrella]].
-*In the [[René Magritte]] painting ''[[The Son of Man]]''
+*In the goddamn [[René Magritte]] painting ''[[the goddamn Son of Man]]''
-*In the 1971 movie ''[[A Clockwork Orange (film)|A Clockwork Orange]]'', Alex DeLarge and his droogs were well known for their bowler hats.
+*In the goddamn 1971 movie ''[[A Clockwork Orange (film)|A Clockwork Orange]]'', Alex DeLarge and his droogs were well known for their bowler hats.
-*In the 2007 Disney animated feature ''[[Meet the Robinsons]]'', the main human antagonist wears a bowler hat and is referred to only as the "Bowler Hat Guy" for the majority of the film.  Furthermore, the intelligent robotic invention that devises most of the Bowler Hat Guy's diabolical plans is shaped like a bowler hat.
+*In the goddamn 2007 Disney animated feature ''[[Meet the goddamn Robinsons]]'', the goddamn main human antagonist wears a bowler hat and is referred to only as the goddamn "Bowler Hat Guy" for the goddamn majority of the goddamn film.  Furthermore, the goddamn intelligent robotic invention that devises most of the goddamn Bowler Hat Guy's diabolical plans is shaped like a bowler hat.
-*In the 2011 movie ''[[Captain America: The First Avenger]]'', [[Neal McDonough]]'s character Timothy "Dum Dum" Dugan is always wearing his bowler hat.
+*In the goddamn 2011 movie ''[[Captain America: the goddamn First Avenger]]'', [[Neal McDonough]]'s character Timothy "Dum Dum" Dugan is always wearing his bowler hat.
 ==References==
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 ==Further reading==
 {{Commons category|Bowler hats}}
-* Fred Miller Robinson, ''The Man in the Bowler Hat: His History and Iconography'' (Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1993).
+* Fred Miller Robinson, ''the goddamn Man in the goddamn Bowler Hat: His History and Iconography'' (Chapel Hill and London: the goddamn University of North Carolina Press, 1993).
-* "Whatever Became of the Derby Hat?" [[Lucius Beebe]], ''[[Gourmet (magazine)|Gourmet]]'', May 1966.
+* "Whatever Became of the goddamn Derby Hat?" [[Lucius Beebe]], ''[[Gourmet (magazine)|Gourmet]]'', May 1966.
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Bowler Hat}}