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|appearance=silvery metallic
|appearance=silvery metallic
|atomic mass= (237)
|atomic mass= (237)
|electron configuration= &#91;[[radon|Rn]]&#93; 7s<sup>2</sup> 6d<sup>1</sup> 5f<sup>4</sup>
|electron configuration= &#91;[[radon|Rn]]&#93; 7s<sup>2</sup> 5f<sup>4</sup> 6d<sup>1</sup>
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
|phase= solid
|phase= solid

Revision as of 02:43, 18 June 2012

Neptunium, 00Np
Neptunium
Pronunciation/nɛpˈtjniəm/ (nep-TEW-nee-əm)
Appearancesilvery metallic
Mass number[237]
Neptunium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Pm

Np

(Uqt)
uraniumneptuniumplutonium
Groupf-block groups (no number)
Periodperiod 7
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point910 K ​(637 °C, ​1179 °F)
Boiling point4273 K ​(4000 °C, ​7232 °F)
Density (near r.t.)20.45 [1] g/cm3
Heat of fusion3.20 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization336 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity29.46 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2194 2437        
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: +5
+2,? +3,[2] +4,[3] +6,[2] +7[2]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.36
Atomic radiusempirical: 155 pm
Covalent radius190±1 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of neptunium
Other properties
Natural occurrencefrom decay
Crystal structure ​3 forms: orthorhombic,
tetragonal and cubic
Thermal conductivity6.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity(22 °C) 1.220 µ Ω⋅m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[4]
CAS Number7439-99-8
Isotopes of neptunium
Main isotopes[5] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
235Np synth 396.1 d α 231Pa
ε 235U
236Np synth 1.54×105 y ε 236U
β 236Pu
α 232Pa
237Np trace 2.144×106 y α 233Pa
239Np trace 2.356 d β 239Pu
 Category: Neptunium
| references

References

  1. ^ Criticality of a 237Np Sphere
  2. ^ a b c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  3. ^ Np(II), (III) and (IV) have been observed, see Dutkiewicz, Michał S.; Apostolidis, Christos; Walter, Olaf; Arnold, Polly L (2017). "Reduction chemistry of neptunium cyclopentadienide complexes: from structure to understanding". Chem. Sci. 8 (4): 2553–2561. doi:10.1039/C7SC00034K. PMC 5431675. PMID 28553487.
  4. ^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
  5. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.