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'''Torchon lace''' is a [[bobbin lace]] that was made all over [[Europe]].<ref name="EB">{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Torchon lace |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9072927/Torchon-lace |accessdate=2008-05-23 |edition=online}}</ref> It is continuous, with the pattern made at the same time as the ground. Torchon lace is notable for being coarse and strong, as well as its simple geometric patterns and straight lines.<ref name="bobbin"/> It does not use representational designs.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace was used by the middle classes for edging or insertion, and also to trim [[cotton]] and [[linen]] underwear, where it was ideal because of its strength and because it was inexpensive.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace was originally made from [[flax]], but cotton is used as well, and has been for a long time. It is made in strips 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) wide.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace generally has a [[gimp (thread)#In lace|gimp]] outlining the pattern. The gimp was first used in Sweden, but now is used generally.<ref name="Dict">{{cite book|last=Earnshaw|first=Pat|title=A Dictionary of Lace|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mjYWZ2mogv8C&pg=PA171&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=JSGrfojNnvD0qs2WuDxWput0_J0|accessdate=2008-05-23|year=1999|month=February|publisher=Dover|isbn=0-486-40482-X|pages=p.171}}</ref> Colored threads are occasionally used, but in general Torchon lace is white in color.<ref name="Dict"/>
[[File:Dentelliere2.jpg|thumb|right|185px| fabrication of traditional torchon]]'''Torchon lace''' (dutch: stropkant) is a [[bobbin lace]] that was made all over [[Europe]].<ref name="EB">{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Torchon lace |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9072927/Torchon-lace |accessdate=2008-05-23 |edition=online}}</ref> It is continuous, with the pattern made at the same time as the ground. Torchon lace is notable for being coarse and strong, as well as its simple geometric patterns and straight lines.<ref name="bobbin"/> It does not use representational designs.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace was used by the middle classes for edging or insertion, and also to trim [[cotton]] and [[linen]] underwear, where it was ideal because of its strength and because it was inexpensive.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace was originally made from [[flax]], but cotton is used as well, and has been for a long time. It is made in strips 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) wide.<ref name="Dict"/> Torchon lace generally has a [[gimp (thread)#In lace|gimp]] outlining the pattern. The gimp was first used in Sweden, but now is used generally.<ref name="Dict">{{cite book|last=Earnshaw|first=Pat|title=A Dictionary of Lace|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mjYWZ2mogv8C&pg=PA171&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=JSGrfojNnvD0qs2WuDxWput0_J0|accessdate=2008-05-23|year=1999|month=February|publisher=Dover|isbn=0-486-40482-X|pages=p.171}}</ref> Colored threads are occasionally used, but in general Torchon lace is white in color.<ref name="Dict"/>


Torchon lace is one of the oldest laces, and is common to many lace-making regions such as [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Saxony]], [[Sweden]] and [[Spain]].<ref name="Ipswich">{{cite book|last=Raffel|first=Marta Cotterell|title=The Laces of Ipswich: The Art and Economics of an Early American Industry, 1750-1840 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=taavyQa65oAC&pg=PA153&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=0vJoJsUCOadjR_ASEEWW0IDR3D0 |accessdate=2008-05-22|year=2003|month=January|publisher=UPNE|isbn=1-58465-163-6|pages=p.153}}</ref> Due to its simplicity, torchon lace is generally the first lace a lacemaker learns to make,<ref name="EB"/> and has been since at least the 19th century. It only requires a small number of bobbins and uses thicker thread than other laces, which makes it easier to learn on. It is also the simplest of all the grounded laces.<ref name="bobbin">{{cite book |last=Fuhrmann |first= Brigita |title= Bobbin Lace: An Illustrated Guide to Traditional and Contemporary Techniques|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=oU6AEikC-WMC&pg=PA67&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=Kg43uywXINaAuycLsVov2kEqakE|accessdate= 2008-05-23|year=1985 |month= September |publisher= Dover|isbn= 0-486-24902-6|pages= p.67}}</ref>
Torchon lace is one of the oldest laces, and is common to many lace-making regions such as [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Saxony]], [[Sweden]] and [[Spain]].<ref name="Ipswich">{{cite book|last=Raffel|first=Marta Cotterell|title=The Laces of Ipswich: The Art and Economics of an Early American Industry, 1750-1840 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=taavyQa65oAC&pg=PA153&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=0vJoJsUCOadjR_ASEEWW0IDR3D0 |accessdate=2008-05-22|year=2003|month=January|publisher=UPNE|isbn=1-58465-163-6|pages=p.153}}</ref> Due to its simplicity, torchon lace is generally the first lace a lacemaker learns to make,<ref name="EB"/> and has been since at least the 19th century. It only requires a small number of bobbins and uses thicker thread than other laces, which makes it easier to learn on. It is also the simplest of all the grounded laces.<ref name="bobbin">{{cite book |last=Fuhrmann |first= Brigita |title= Bobbin Lace: An Illustrated Guide to Traditional and Contemporary Techniques|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=oU6AEikC-WMC&pg=PA67&dq=torchon+lace&lr=&as_brr=3&client=opera&sig=Kg43uywXINaAuycLsVov2kEqakE|accessdate= 2008-05-23|year=1985 |month= September |publisher= Dover|isbn= 0-486-24902-6|pages= p.67}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:56, 7 July 2012

fabrication of traditional torchon

Torchon lace (dutch: stropkant) is a bobbin lace that was made all over Europe.[1] It is continuous, with the pattern made at the same time as the ground. Torchon lace is notable for being coarse and strong, as well as its simple geometric patterns and straight lines.[2] It does not use representational designs.[3] Torchon lace was used by the middle classes for edging or insertion, and also to trim cotton and linen underwear, where it was ideal because of its strength and because it was inexpensive.[3] Torchon lace was originally made from flax, but cotton is used as well, and has been for a long time. It is made in strips 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) wide.[3] Torchon lace generally has a gimp outlining the pattern. The gimp was first used in Sweden, but now is used generally.[3] Colored threads are occasionally used, but in general Torchon lace is white in color.[3]

Torchon lace is one of the oldest laces, and is common to many lace-making regions such as Belgium, France, Italy, Saxony, Sweden and Spain.[4] Due to its simplicity, torchon lace is generally the first lace a lacemaker learns to make,[1] and has been since at least the 19th century. It only requires a small number of bobbins and uses thicker thread than other laces, which makes it easier to learn on. It is also the simplest of all the grounded laces.[2]

Though it is one of the oldest laces, torchon lace did not start to be made in England until the late 19th century, at which point it was made in the East Midlands, thus it is not considered an English lace. By the early 20th century, machine-made copies were being made that were almost indistinguishable from the hand-made lace.[3]

Etymology

The word lace is from Middle English, from Old French las, noose, string, from Vulgar Latin *laceum, from Latin laqueus, noose; probably akin to lacere, to entice, ensnare.[5]



References

  1. ^ a b "Torchon lace". Encyclopædia Britannica (online ed.). Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  2. ^ a b Fuhrmann, Brigita (1985). Bobbin Lace: An Illustrated Guide to Traditional and Contemporary Techniques. Dover. pp. p.67. ISBN 0-486-24902-6. Retrieved 2008-05-23. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ^ a b c d e f Earnshaw, Pat (1999). A Dictionary of Lace. Dover. pp. p.171. ISBN 0-486-40482-X. Retrieved 2008-05-23. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Raffel, Marta Cotterell (2003). The Laces of Ipswich: The Art and Economics of an Early American Industry, 1750-1840. UPNE. pp. p.153. ISBN 1-58465-163-6. Retrieved 2008-05-22. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ^ "Show election". Lace. Retrieved 2012-23-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)