Psathyrella ammophila: Difference between revisions
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'''''Psathyrella ammophila''''' is a species of [[fungus]] in the [[Psathyrellaceae]] family and is found throughout Europe. Commonly known as the '''dune brittlestem''', |
'''''Psathyrella ammophila''''' is a species of [[fungus]] in the [[Psathyrellaceae]] family and is found throughout Europe. Commonly known as the '''dune brittlestem''', this [[agaric]] primarily grows on sand dunes near [[marram grass]], feeding [[Saprotrophic nutrition|saprotrophically]] on the decaying roots. The season of growth is generally May to November. |
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''P. ammophila'' is variable in appearance, changing colour and shape during its lifespan. Initally bell-shaped and tan or pale brown, the cap gradually flattens and darkens, becoming dark brown with a [[:File:Mushroom cap morphology2.png|depressed shape]] as it ages.<ref name="Jordan"/> |
''P. ammophila'' is variable in appearance, changing colour and shape during its lifespan. Initally bell-shaped and tan or pale brown, the cap gradually flattens and darkens, becoming dark brown with a [[:File:Mushroom cap morphology2.png|depressed shape]] as it ages.<ref name="Jordan"/> |
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The genus name ''Psathyrella'' is a diminutive form of ''Psathyra'', derived from the Greek word meaning "friable", ''psathuros'' (ψαθυρος). This name, like the common name brittlestem for many of the ''Psathyrella'' species, is related to the fragile nature of the cap and stem. The [[specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] ''ammophila'' (''[[Syllable stress of Botanical Latin|am-mó-phi-la]]'') originates from the Greek words ''ammos'' (ἄμμος), meaning sand, and ''phillia'' (ϕιλος), meaning lover, a reference to the mushroom's sand dune habitat. |
The genus name ''Psathyrella'' is a diminutive form of ''Psathyra'', derived from the Greek word meaning "friable", ''psathuros'' (ψαθυρος). This name, like the common name brittlestem for many of the ''Psathyrella'' species, is related to the fragile nature of the cap and stem. The [[specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] ''ammophila'' (''[[Syllable stress of Botanical Latin|am-mó-phi-la]]'') originates from the Greek words ''ammos'' (ἄμμος), meaning sand, and ''phillia'' (ϕιλος), meaning lover, a reference to the mushroom's sand dune habitat. |
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==Description== |
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Typically small- to medium-sized, the cap is a light clay-brown or tan when younger and about {{convert|1|to|4|cm|in|1}} in diameter. Although the cap is generally smooth, it possesses microscopically tiny hairs and is often coated with sand particles. The tissue is not [[hygrophanous]] and therefore does not change colour with moisture loss and absorption, but the mushrooms do darken to a dark brown as they age. Cap shape begins as campanulate or convex, gradually flattening and possibly becoming depressed in shape. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 11:29, 29 July 2012
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| Psathyrella ammophila | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | P. ammophila
|
| Binomial name | |
| Psathyrella ammophila | |
| Synonyms | |
Psathyrella ammophila | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is campanulate or flat |
 | Hymenium is adnate |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is blackish-brown |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is inedible |
Psathyrella ammophila is a species of fungus in the Psathyrellaceae family and is found throughout Europe. Commonly known as the dune brittlestem, this agaric primarily grows on sand dunes near marram grass, feeding saprotrophically on the decaying roots. The season of growth is generally May to November.
P. ammophila is variable in appearance, changing colour and shape during its lifespan. Initally bell-shaped and tan or pale brown, the cap gradually flattens and darkens, becoming dark brown with a depressed shape as it ages.[1]
Taxonomy
Psathyrella ammophila was first described in 1868 by Michel Charles Durieu de Maisonneuve and Joseph-Henri Léveillé in one of Durieu de Maisonneuve's publications on the flora and fauna of Algeria, Exploration scientifique de l'Algérie: Sciences naturelles, botanique. They gave it the scientific name Agaricus ammophilus. The species was identified and described a further five times under different names, until 1960, when the botanist P.D. Orton gave the definitive classification in the journal Transactions of the British Mycological Society (now Fungal Biology).[2]
The genus name Psathyrella is a diminutive form of Psathyra, derived from the Greek word meaning "friable", psathuros (ψαθυρος). This name, like the common name brittlestem for many of the Psathyrella species, is related to the fragile nature of the cap and stem. The specific epithet ammophila (am-mó-phi-la) originates from the Greek words ammos (ἄμμος), meaning sand, and phillia (ϕιλος), meaning lover, a reference to the mushroom's sand dune habitat.
Description
Typically small- to medium-sized, the cap is a light clay-brown or tan when younger and about 1 to 4 centimetres (0.4 to 1.6 in) in diameter. Although the cap is generally smooth, it possesses microscopically tiny hairs and is often coated with sand particles. The tissue is not hygrophanous and therefore does not change colour with moisture loss and absorption, but the mushrooms do darken to a dark brown as they age. Cap shape begins as campanulate or convex, gradually flattening and possibly becoming depressed in shape.
References
- ^ Jordan, Michael (2004). The Encyclopaedia of Fungi of Britain and Europe. Frances Lincoln Ltd. p. 237. ISBN 9780711223790.
- ^ Orton, P.D. (1960). "New check list of British Agarics and Boleti, part III (keys to Crepidotus, Deconica, Flocculina, Hygrophorus, Naucoria, Pluteus and Volvaria)". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 43 (2). British Mycological Society: 180. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(60)80065-4.
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