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'''Ilaiyaraaja''' (born '''Gnanadesikan''' on 2 <!-- PLEASE DO ''not'' CHANGE IT AND ALREADY ENOUGH EXPLANATION GIVEN TO THIS--> June 1943) is an Indian [[Film score|film composer]], [[Singing|singer]], and [[lyricist]], mainly in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film Industry]] and [[Kannada cinema|Kannada film Industry]] .<ref>[http://www.deccanchronicle.com/chennai/ilayaraja-gets-padma-bhushan-769 Ilayaraja gets Padma Bhushan], Published 2010-01-26.</ref> He is regarded as one of the finest [[Lists of composers|music composers]] in India. Ilaiyaraaja is also an instrumentalist, [[Conducting|conductor]], [[singer]], and a [[songwriter]]. To date, he has composed over 4500 songs and provided film scores for more than 950 Indian films in various languages in a career spanning more than 30 years,<ref>Allirajan, M. [http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2004/06/10/stories/2004061000010100.htm "Musical journeys".] ''[[The Hindu]]''. 10 June 2004. Accessed 2006-10-12.</ref><ref>Behal, S. [http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2006072300230500.htm&date=2006/07/23/&prd=mag&. "Melodious music".] ''The Hindu''. 23 July 2006. Accessed 2006-10-12.</ref> particularly being acclaimed for his background scoring for Indian films. His songs and background score played a very crucial role in the success of many films. He remains one of the most popular composers to have emerged from India.<ref name="Das2010">{{cite book|author=Emmanuel Anthony Das|title=The Best is Yet to Be|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=05oSduutr-IC&pg=RA2-PA7|accessdate=1 July 2012|date=1 September 2010|publisher=Pustak Mahal|isbn=978-81-223-1144-0|page=7}}</ref><ref name="musical_man">S. Theodore Baskaran [http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?231674 "Jnana To Gana: Consistent eclecticism has kept Tamil film music virile"]. Outlookindia.com, 26 June 2006.</ref>
'''Ilaiyaraaja''' (born '''Gnanadesikan''' on 2 <!-- PLEASE DO ''not'' CHANGE IT AND ALREADY ENOUGH EXPLANATION GIVEN TO THIS--> June 1943) is an Indian [[Film score|film composer]], [[Singing|singer]], and [[lyricist]], mainly in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film Industry]] and other Indian film industries.<ref>[http://www.deccanchronicle.com/chennai/ilayaraja-gets-padma-bhushan-769 Ilayaraja gets Padma Bhushan], Published 2010-01-26.</ref> He is regarded as one of the finest [[Lists of composers|music composers]] in India. Ilaiyaraaja is also an instrumentalist, [[Conducting|conductor]], [[singer]], and a [[songwriter]]. To date, he has composed over 4500 songs and provided film scores for more than 950 Indian films in various languages in a career spanning more than 30 years,<ref>Allirajan, M. [http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2004/06/10/stories/2004061000010100.htm "Musical journeys".] ''[[The Hindu]]''. 10 June 2004. Accessed 2006-10-12.</ref><ref>Behal, S. [http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2006072300230500.htm&date=2006/07/23/&prd=mag&. "Melodious music".] ''The Hindu''. 23 July 2006. Accessed 2006-10-12.</ref> particularly being acclaimed for his background scoring for Indian films. His songs and background score played a very crucial role in the success of many films. He remains one of the most popular composers to have emerged from India.<ref name="Das2010">{{cite book|author=Emmanuel Anthony Das|title=The Best is Yet to Be|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=05oSduutr-IC&pg=RA2-PA7|accessdate=1 July 2012|date=1 September 2010|publisher=Pustak Mahal|isbn=978-81-223-1144-0|page=7}}</ref><ref name="musical_man">S. Theodore Baskaran [http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?231674 "Jnana To Gana: Consistent eclecticism has kept Tamil film music virile"]. Outlookindia.com, 26 June 2006.</ref>


Ilaiyaraaja has been a prominent composer of [[filmi|film music]] in [[South India]]n [[Cinema of India|cinema]] since the late 1970s.<ref name="filmmusicsouthernareap.544">Greene, P.D. 1997. Film music: Southern area. Pp. 542-546 in B. Nettl, R.M. Stone, J. Porter and T. Rice (eds.). ''The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Volume V: South Asia&nbsp;— The Indian Subcontinent''. New York: Garland Pub. (p. 544).</ref> His works are mainly in [[Tamil language|Tamil]], but has also scored music for numerous films in [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Kannada]], [[Bollywood|Hindi]] and one in [[Marathi language|Marathi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_now-ilayaraja-makes-melodies-in-marathi_1559187|title=Now, Ilayaraja makes melodies in Marathi |publisher=dnaindia.com |date=2011-06-26 |accessdate=2011-06-30}}</ref> He integrated folk lyricism (in Tamil) and introduced broader Western musical sensibilities into the South Indian musical mainstream. A gold medalist in [[classical guitar]] from [[Trinity College of Music|Trinity College of Music, London]], in 1993, he became the first Asian to compose a full [[symphony]] performed by the [[Royal Philharmonic Orchestra]] in London's [[Walthamstow]] Town Hall. In 2003, according to a [[BBC]] international poll, people from 155 countries voted his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from the 1991 film ''[[Thalapathi]]'' fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/us/features/topten/ THE WORLD'S TOP TEN], BBC World Service.com</ref> He was also nominated in the Best Indian album Music Awards category<ref name="thehindu.com">[http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article13731.ece A. R. Rahman wins 'Grassroot Grammy'], THE HINDU, New Delhi 2 Sep 2009</ref> at US based [[Just Plain Folks Music Organization]], which is the largest grassroots music organization in the world, and stood third for his "Music Journey: Live in Italy".<ref name="thehindu.com"/>
Ilaiyaraaja has been a prominent composer of [[filmi|film music]] in [[South India]]n [[Cinema of India|cinema]] since the late 1970s.<ref name="filmmusicsouthernareap.544">Greene, P.D. 1997. Film music: Southern area. Pp. 542-546 in B. Nettl, R.M. Stone, J. Porter and T. Rice (eds.). ''The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Volume V: South Asia&nbsp;— The Indian Subcontinent''. New York: Garland Pub. (p. 544).</ref> His works are mainly in [[Tamil language|Tamil]], but has also scored music for numerous films in [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Kannada]], [[Bollywood|Hindi]] and one in [[Marathi language|Marathi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_now-ilayaraja-makes-melodies-in-marathi_1559187|title=Now, Ilayaraja makes melodies in Marathi |publisher=dnaindia.com |date=2011-06-26 |accessdate=2011-06-30}}</ref> He integrated folk lyricism (in Tamil) and introduced broader Western musical sensibilities into the South Indian musical mainstream. A gold medalist in [[classical guitar]] from [[Trinity College of Music|Trinity College of Music, London]], in 1993, he became the first Asian to compose a full [[symphony]] performed by the [[Royal Philharmonic Orchestra]] in London's [[Walthamstow]] Town Hall. In 2003, according to a [[BBC]] international poll, people from 155 countries voted his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from the 1991 film ''[[Thalapathi]]'' fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/us/features/topten/ THE WORLD'S TOP TEN], BBC World Service.com</ref> He was also nominated in the Best Indian album Music Awards category<ref name="thehindu.com">[http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article13731.ece A. R. Rahman wins 'Grassroot Grammy'], THE HINDU, New Delhi 2 Sep 2009</ref> at US based [[Just Plain Folks Music Organization]], which is the largest grassroots music organization in the world, and stood third for his "Music Journey: Live in Italy".<ref name="thehindu.com"/>

Revision as of 18:02, 3 September 2012

Ilaiyaraaja
Ilaiyaraaja at his studio in Chennai
Ilaiyaraaja at his studio in Chennai
Background information
Birth nameGnanadesikan
Also known asIlaiyaraaja, Raja
Born (1943-06-02) 2 June 1943 (age 81)[1][2]
Pannaipuram, Theni, Madras Presidency
GenresFilm score, World music
Occupation(s)Film score composer, lyricist, music director, songwriter, singer, conductor, instrumentalist and Film producer
Instrument(s)Vocals, (playback singing), guitar, keyboard, harmonium, piano
Years active1976–present

Ilaiyaraaja (born Gnanadesikan on 2 June 1943) is an Indian film composer, singer, and lyricist, mainly in Tamil film Industry and other Indian film industries.[3] He is regarded as one of the finest music composers in India. Ilaiyaraaja is also an instrumentalist, conductor, singer, and a songwriter. To date, he has composed over 4500 songs and provided film scores for more than 950 Indian films in various languages in a career spanning more than 30 years,[4][5] particularly being acclaimed for his background scoring for Indian films. His songs and background score played a very crucial role in the success of many films. He remains one of the most popular composers to have emerged from India.[6][7]

Ilaiyaraaja has been a prominent composer of film music in South Indian cinema since the late 1970s.[8] His works are mainly in Tamil, but has also scored music for numerous films in Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Hindi and one in Marathi.[9] He integrated folk lyricism (in Tamil) and introduced broader Western musical sensibilities into the South Indian musical mainstream. A gold medalist in classical guitar from Trinity College of Music, London, in 1993, he became the first Asian to compose a full symphony performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London's Walthamstow Town Hall. In 2003, according to a BBC international poll, people from 155 countries voted his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from the 1991 film Thalapathi fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.[10] He was also nominated in the Best Indian album Music Awards category[11] at US based Just Plain Folks Music Organization, which is the largest grassroots music organization in the world, and stood third for his "Music Journey: Live in Italy".[11]

In the 2000s, he composed a variety of non-film music, including religious and devotional songs, an oratorio, and world music, while shifting his focus to Malayalam films. He is usually referred to by the title Isaignani (Template:Lang-ta; Template:Lang-en), or as The Maestro. He has won four Indian National Film Awards; three for Best Music Direction and one for Best Background Score[12] and is a recipient of the prestigious Padma Bhushan Award from the Government of India. He also received the NTR National Award in 2004.[13]

Early life and family

Ilaiyaraaja was born as Gnanadesikan in Pannaipuram, Theni district, Tamil Nadu,[14] India, but when he joined the school his father changed his name as "Rajaiya" but his village people used to call him as "Raasayya". Ilaiyaraaja joined Dhanraj Master as a student to learn musical instruments and the master renamed and called him as just "Raaja".[15] In his first movie Annakili, Tamil film producer Panchu Arunachalam added "Ilaiya" (Ilaiya means younger in Tamil language) as prefix in his name Raaja and he named as "Ilaiyaraaja" because in 1970's there was one more music director A. M. Rajah who was a popular one.

Ilaiyaraaja is married to Jeeva and the couple have three children—Karthik Raja, Yuvan Shankar Raja and Bhavatharini—all film composers and singers.[16][17] His wife Jeeva died on 31 October 2011.[18] Ilaiyaraaja has a brother Gangai Amaran, who is also a music director and lyricist in Tamil film industry.[19]

Early exposure to music

Ilaiyaraaja was growing up in a rural area, he was exposed to a range of Tamil folk music.[20] At the age of 14, he joined a travelling musical troupe headed by his elder stepbrother, Pavalar Varadarajan, and spent the next decade performing throughout South India. While working with the troupe, he penned his first composition, a musical adaptation of an elegy written by the Tamil poet laureate Kannadasan for Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister.[21] In 1968, Ilaiyaraaja began a music course with Professor Dhanraj in Madras (now Chennai),[15] which included an overview of Western classical music, compositional training in techniques such as counterpoint, and study in instrumental performance. Ilaiyaraaja specialized in classical guitar and had taken a course in it at the Trinity College of Music, London.[22]

Session musician and film orchestrator

In the 1970s in Chennai, Ilaiyaraaja played guitar in a band-for-hire, and worked as a session guitarist, keyboardist, and organist for film music composers and directors such as Salil Chowdhury from West Bengal.[23][24][25] After being hired as the musical assistant to Kannada film composer G. K. Venkatesh, he worked on 200 film projects, mostly in the Kannada language.[26] As G. K. Venkatesh's assistant, Ilaiyaraaja would orchestrate the melodic outlines developed by Venkatesh. During this period, Ilaiyaraaja also began writing his own scores. To hear his compositions, he would persuade Venkatesh's session musicians to play excerpts from his scores during their break times. Ilaiyaraaja would hire instruments from composer R. K. Shekhar, father of composer A. R. Rahman, who later joined Ilaiyaraaja's orchestra as a keyboardist.

Film composer

In 1976, film producer Panchu Arunachalam commissioned him to compose the songs and film score for a Tamil-language film called Annakkili ('The Parrot').[27] For the soundtrack, Ilaiyaraaja applied the techniques of modern popular film music orchestration to Tamil folk poetry and folk song melodies, which created a fusion of Western and Tamil idioms.[28][29] Ilaiyaraaja's use of Tamil music in his film scores injected new influence into the Indian film score milieu.[30] By the mid-1980s Ilaiyaraaja was gaining increasing stature as a film composer and music director in the South Indian film industry.[8] He has worked with Indian poets and lyricists such as Kannadasan, Vaali, Vairamuthu, O. N. V. Kurup, Sreekumaran Thampi, Veturi Sundararama Murthy, Sirivennela Sitaramasastri and Gulzar and is well known for his association with film makers such as Bharathiraja, K. Balachander, Mani Ratnam, Sathyan Anthikkad, Priyadarshan, Fazil, Balu Mahendra, Vamsy and R. Balki.

Impact and musical style

Ilaiyaraaja was one of the earliest Indian film composers to use Western classical music harmonies and string arrangements in Indian film music.[31] This allowed him to craft a rich tapestry of sounds for films, and his themes and background score gained notice and appreciation among Indian film audiences.[32] The range of expressive possibilities in Indian film music was broadened by Ilaiyaraaja's methodical approach to arranging, recording technique, and his drawing of ideas from a diversity of musical styles.[31]

According to musicologist P. Greene, Ilaiyaraaja's "deep understanding of so many different styles of music allowed him to create syncretic pieces of music combining very different musical idioms in unified, coherent musical statements".[8] Ilaiyaraaja has composed Indian film songs that amalgamated elements of genres such as Afro-tribal, bossa nova, dance music (e.g., disco), doo-wop, flamenco, acoustic guitar-propelled Western folk, funk, Indian classical, Indian folk/traditional, jazz, march, pathos, pop, psychedelia and rock and roll.

By virtue of this variety and his interfusion of Western, Indian folk and Carnatic elements, Ilaiyaraaja's compositions appeal to the Indian rural dweller for its rhythmic folk qualities, the Indian classical music enthusiast for the employment of Carnatic Ragas, and the urbanite for its modern, Western-music sound.[33] Ilaiyaraaja's sense of visualization for composing music is always to match up with the storyline of the running movie and possibly by doing so, he creates the best experience for the audience to feel the emotions flavored through his musical score. He mastered this art of blending music to the narration, which very few others managed to adapt themselves over a longer time.[7]

Although Ilaiyaraaja uses a range of complex compositional techniques, he often sketches out the basic melodic ideas for films in a very spontaneous fashion.[8][20] The Indian filmmaker Mani Ratnam illustrates:

Ilayaraja would look at the scene once, and immediately start giving notes to his assistants, as a bunch of musicians, hovering around him, would collect the notes for their instrument and go to their places. When the orchestra played out the notes, they would be perfect, not just in harmony but also in timing — the background score would commence exactly where it should and end at the exact place required. Ilayaraja is a genius, who could compose music with just one look at the scene.

Musical characteristics

Ilaiyaraaja's music is characterised by the use of an orchestration technique that is a synthesis of Western and Indian instruments and musical modes. He uses electronic music technology that integrates synthesizers, electric guitars and keyboards, drum machines, rhythm boxes and MIDI with large orchestras that feature traditional instruments such as the veena, venu, nadaswaram, dholak, mridangam and tabla as well as Western lead instruments such as saxophones and flutes.[8]

He uses catchy melodies fleshed out with a variety of chord progressions, beats and timbres. Ilaiyaraaja's songs typically have a musical form where vocal stanzas and choruses are interspersed with orchestral preludes and interludes. They often contain polyphonic melodies, where the lead vocals are interwoven with supporting melody lines sung by another voice or played by instruments./

The basslines in his songs tend to be melodically dynamic, rising and falling in a dramatic fashion. Polyrhythms are also apparent, particularly in songs with Indian folk or Carnatic influences. The melodic structure of his songs demand considerable vocal virtuosity, and have found expressive platform amongst some of India's respected vocalists and playback singers, such as S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki, K. S. Chithra, Swarnalatha, S. P. Sailaja, T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela, Sujatha, Malaysia Vasudevan, Asha Bhosle, Lata Mangeshkar, Hariharan, Udit Narayan, Sadhana Sargam and Shreya Ghoshal. Ilaiyaraaja has sung over 400 of his own compositions for films, and is recognisable by his stark, nasal voice. He has penned the lyrics for some of his songs in Tamil and other languages.[34][35] Ilaiyaraaja's film scores are known both for the dramatic and evocative melodies, and for the more subtle background music that he uses to provide texture or mood for scenes in films such as Johnny (1980), Mouna Ragam (1986), Geethanjali (1989) and Guna (1991).

Non-cinematic output

Thiruvasakam album cover, a symphony oratorio based on ancient Tamil poem.

Ilaiyaraaja's first two non-film albums were explorations in the fusion of Indian and Western classical music. The first, How to Name It? (1986), is dedicated to the Carnatic master Tyāgarāja and to J. S. Bach. It features a fusion of the Carnatic form and ragas with Bach partitas, fugues and Baroque musical textures.[36] The second, Nothing But Wind (1988), was performed by flutist Hariprasad Chaurasia and a 50-piece orchestra and takes the conceptual approach suggested in the title — that music is a natural phenomenon akin to various forms of air currents (e.g., the wind, breeze, tempest etc.).[37]

He has composed a set of Carnatic kritis that was recorded by electric mandolinist U. Srinivas for the album Ilayaraaja's Classicals on the Mandolin (1994). Ilaiyaraaja has also composed albums of religious/devotional songs. His Guru Ramana Geetam (2004) is a cycle of prayer songs inspired by the Hindu mystic Ramana Maharshi, and his Thiruvasakam: A crossover (2005) is an oratorio of ancient Tamil poems transcribed partially in English by American lyricist Stephen Schwartz and performed by the Budapest Symphony Orchestra.[38][39] Ilaiyaraaja's most recent release is a world music-oriented album called The Music Messiah (2006).[40] Its musical concept is based against a mythological narrative. His recent release in November 2008, is Manikantan Geet Mala released by India Tales with 9 songs praising Lord Ayyappa in almost all south Indian languages.[citation needed]

Albums (instrumental, non-film)

Year Album Year Album Year Album
1986 How to Name It 1988 Nothing but Wind 1993 Symphonic Work in 5 movements with RPO,London, conducted by John Scott
2000 Raajavin Ramanamalai, Guru Ramana Geetam 2001 Geethanjali 2002 Amma Appa Paamalai
2003 India 24 Hours 2005 Thiruvasagam 2007 The Music Messiah
2008 Manikantan Geet Mala 2009 Namratha Ke Sagar 2010 Ramana Saranam Saranam, Baba Pugazh Maalai
2011 Amma - Short film

Notable works

Ilaiyaraaja's composition "Rakkama Kaiya Thattu", sung by SPB and Swarnalatha in the movie Thalapathi (1991), was among the songs listed in a BBC World Top Ten music poll.[41] He composed the music for Nayagan (1987), an Indian film ranked by TIME Magazine as one of the all-time 100 best movies,[42] a number of India's official entries to the Oscars, such as Swathi Muthyam(1986),Nayagan(1987),Thevar Magan(1992), Anjali(1991), Guru(1997) and Hey Ram (2000),[43] and for Indian art films such as Adoor Gopalakrishnan's FIPRESCI Prize-winning Nizhalkuthu ('The Dance of Shadows') (2002).[44] Ilaiyaraaja has composed music for events such as the 1996 Miss World beauty pageant that was held in Bangalore, India, and for a documentary called India 24 Hours (1996).[45] The pop/hip-hop band The Black Eyed Peas sampled an Ilaiyaraaja composition called "Unakkum Ennakum", from the film Sri Raghavendra (1985), for their tune "The Elephunk Theme" from their breakout album, Elephunk (2003).[46] The alternative artist M.I.A. sampled his composition "Kaatukuyilu" from the film Thalapathi (1991) for her song "Bamboo Banga" on the album Kala (2007). His composition Jotheyali Jothe Jotheyali in the Kannada film Geetha directed by the national film director Shankar Nag (of Malgudi Days fame) in the year 1981 won various awards and it is still considered one of the best romantic songs ever. His songs in the Kannada films Pallavi Anupallavi which marked director Mani Rathnam's debut in the year 1983 and Nammora Mandara Hoove in the year 1996 won various awards and was critically acclaimed all over the country. His music compositions for the Hindi movie Paa (3 December 2009) has won critical acclaim in several media reviews.

Live performances

Ilaiyaraaja rarely performs his music live, which may be due to the time he devotes to his composing activities. His last major live performance, the first in 25 years, was a four-hour concert held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Indoor Stadium in Chennai, India on 16 October 2005.[47] The show was widely televised both in India and abroad, in which he played a song with just three notes (sa re ga). Less well-known was his live 2004 performance in Italy at the Teatro Comunale di Modena, an event-concert presented for the 14th edition of Angelica, Festival Internazionale Di Musica, co-produced with the L'Altro Suono Festival.[48] He had done a few small-scale shows early in his career in Sri Lanka and Malaysia and was involved in a charity concert to raise funds for the construction of a Hindu temple in India. A television retrospective titled Ithu Ilaiyaraja ('This is Ilaiyaraja') was produced, chronicling his career.[49] He last performed live at the audio release function of Dhoni film and before that he performed a programme that was conducted and telecasted by Jaya TV titled Enendrum Raja ('Everlasting Raja') on 28 December 2011 at Jahawarlal Nehru Indoor Stadium, Chennai.

Partial discography

Main article: Ilaiyaraaja discography

Tamil

Year Album Year Album Year Album
1976 Annakili, Bhadrakali, Uravadum Nenjam, Palootti Valarththa Kili 1977 16 Vayathinile, Kavikkuyil, Bhuvana Oru Kelvi Kuri 1978 Sigappu Rojakkal, Aval Appadithan, Bairavi,Mullum Malarum, Priya, Kizhake Pogum Rail
1979 Annai Oru Aalayam, Kalyanaraman, Dharma Yuddham,"Nirammartha Pookal" 1980 Ullasa Paravaigal, Thai Pongal, Johnny, Nizhalgal, Murattu Kaalai, Anbukku Naan Adimai 1981

Alaigal Oivathillai , Tik Tik Tik, Ellam Inba Mayyam, Panneer Pushpangal, Meendum Kokila, Kazhugu, Raja Paarvai

1982 Moondram Pirai, Sagalakala Vallavan, Kathal Oviyam, Ninaivellam Nithya 1983 Aanandha Gummi, Thanga Magan, Thoongadhey Thambi Thoongadhey, Aayiram Nilave Vaa, Paayum Puli, Andha Sila Naatkal, Annae Annae, Kokkarakko, Mundhanai Mudichu 1984 Enakkul Oruvan, Nallavanuku Nallavan, Kai Kodukkum Kai, Anbulla Rajinikanth, Oru Kaidhiyin Diary
1985 Muthal Mariyathai, Sindhu Bhairavi, Kaakki Sattai, Sri Raghavendra, Idaya Kovil, Padikkadavan, Naan Sigappu Manithan, Uyarndha Ullam, Poove Poochudava 1986 Mouna Ragam, Punnagai Mannan, Vikram, Mr. Bharath 1987 Nayagan, Kadhal Parisu, Per Sollum Pillai
1988 Sathya, Dharmathin Thalaivan, Agni Natchathiram, Unnal Mudiyum Thambi, Naan Sonnathe Sattam 1989 Rajadhi Raja, Siva, Apoorva Sagodharargal, Vetri Vizha, Karagattakaran, Pandi Nattuthangam 1990 Athisaya Piravi, Anjali
1991 Thalapathi, Guna, Chinna Thambi, Captain Prabhakaran 1992 Mannan, Chembaruthi, Singaravelan,Nadodi Thendral,Chinna Gounder, Bharathan, Thevar Magan, Pandiyan 1993 Yejaman, Marupadiyum, Valli, Ponnumani, Kalaignan
1994 Mahanadhi, Sethupathi IPS, Veera 1995 Makkal Aatchi, Raasaiyya, Chinna Vaathiyaar, Nandhavana Theru, Sathi Leelavathi 1996 Poo Mani, Poovarasan
1997 Kadhalukku Mariyadhai, Raman Abdullah 1998 Anthapuram 1999 Sethu, Kaadhal Kavithai, Housefull,Time
2000 Hey Ram, Bharathi, Kaadhal Rojave, Kaakai Chiraginile, Kannukkul Nilavu 2001 Friends, Kutty 2002 Azhagi, Ivan, Enn Mana Vaanil, Ramanna, Solla Marantha Kadhai
2003 Pithamagan, Julie Ganapathi, Manasellam 2004 Virumaandi, Kamaraj 2005 Adhu Oru Kana Kaalam, Mumbai Express, Oru Naal Oru Kanavu, Karakattakari
2006 Madhu 2007 Ajantha, Maya Kannadi 2008 Dhanam, Inimey Nangathan, Uliyin Osai
2009 Naan Kadavul, Azhagar Malai,Jagan Mohini,Valmiki 2010 Nandalala 2011 ],Thandavakonae,Azhagarsamiyin Kuthirai, Ponnar Shankar, Mayilu
2012 Dhoni, Neethane En Ponvasantham, Sengathu Bhoomiyilae

Telugu

Year Album Year Album
1976 1978 Vayasu Pilichindi
1979 Yugandhar 1980 Guru
1981 Seethakoka Chiluka,Tik Tik Tik 1982 Nireekshana
1983 Abhilasha, Manthri Gari Viyyankudu, Saagara Sangamam, Sitaara, Rajakumar 1984 Challenge, Merupu Daadi, Sitaara, Sahasame Jeevitham, Samaram
1985 Anveshana, Swathi Muthyam, Preminchu Pelladu, Aalapana, Jwala, Oka Radha Iddaru Krishnulu, Pagale Vennela 1986 Ladies Tailor, Manchi Manasulu, Rakshasudu, Sri Shirdi Saibaba Mahathyam, Kirathakudu
1987 Aakhari Poratam, Rudraveena, Swarna Kamalam, Aradhana, Indrudu Chandrudu, Pelli Natakam, Sankeerthana 1988 Abhinandana, Chinababu, Maharshi, Sri Kanakamahalakshmi Recording Dance Troupe, Marana Mrudangam, Prema, Rakthabhishekam, Varasudochhadu
1989 Geethanjali, Kokila, Shiva, Chettukinda Pleader, Rudranetra, Premanjali 1990 Bobbili Raja, Jagadeka Veerudu Athiloka Sundari, Kondaveeti Donga, April 1st Vidudhala, O Papa Lali
1991 Surya IPS, Chaithanya, Nirnayam, Killer, Aditya 369, Chanti, Coolie No. 1, Sri Yedukondala Swamy, Stuartpuram Police Station 1992 Detective Narada, Dharma Kshetram, Aswamedham, Chinarayudu, Meera, Chamanthi, Killer, Moratodu Naa Mogudu, Prema Vijetha, Pattudala
1993 Aa Okkati Adakku, Amma Koduku 1994
1995 1996
1997 Chinnabbayi, Kunthi Putrudu 1998 Antahpuram,Pelli Koduku Ammabadunu
1999 Preminchedi Endukamma 2000
2001 2002 Ninuchoodaka Nenundalenu,
2003 2004 Siva Shankar
2005 2006
2007 Anumanaspadam, Sunny 2008 Mallepuvvu
2009 Om Shanti, Jaganmohini 2010 Gaayam 2
2011 Sri Rama Rajyam 2012 Dhoni, Yeto Vellipoyindhi Manasu, Gundello Godari

Malayalam

Year Album Year Album Year Album
1978 Vyamoham 1980 Dooram Arike 1981 Garjanam
1982 Olangal, Aa Rathri, Aalolam 1983 Sandhyakku Virinja Poovu, Oomakkuyil, Pinnilavu 1984 My Dear Kuttichathan-3D, Mangalam Nerunnu, Onnanu Nammal, Unaru
1985 Yathra 1986 Poomukhapadiyil Ninneyum Kathu, Kaveri 1988 Moonnam Pakkam
1989 Adharvam, Chaithram, Season 1991 Anaswaram, Ente Sooryaputhrikku 1992 Pappayude Swantham Appoos, Aparatha
1993 Jackpot 1996 Kaalapani, Man of the Match 1997 Guru, Kaliyoonjal, Oru Yathramozhi
1998 Anuragakottaram, Manjeera Dhwani 1999 Friends 2000 Kochu Kochu Santhoshangal, Kallu Kondoru Pennu
2003 Manassinakkare, Nizhalkuthu 2005 Ponmudipuzhayorathu, Achuvinte Amma 2006 Rasathanthram, Pachakuthira
2007 Vinodayathra, Sooryan 2008 Innathe Chintha Vishayam, S M S 2009 Bhagyadevatha, Pazhassi Raja
2010 Kadha Thudarunnu 2011 Snehaveedu, Twinkle Twinkle Little Star 2012 Oru Karyam Parayaan Undu[50], EMSsum Pennkuttiyum, Ajanatha

Hindi

Year Album Year Album Year Album
1983 Sadma 1987 Kamagni 1989 Mahaadev
1990 Shiva 1996 Aur Ek Prem Kahani 1996
1999 Hey Ram 2001 Lajja 2005 Mumbai Xpress, Divorce
2006 Shiva 2007 Cheeni Kum 2009 Chal Chalein, Paa
2011 Happi,[51] SRK 2012 Assi Nabbe Poorey Sau 2013 Super star santhosh pandit

Marathi

Year Album
2011 Hello Jai Hind!

Kannada

Year Album Year Album
1978 Maathu Tappada Maga 1981 Geetha, Janma Janmada Anubandha, Nee Nanna Gellalare
1983 Accident, Pallavi Anu Pallavi 1984 Bharjari Bete,"onddu muthina kathe"
1996 Nammoora Mandara Hoove, Shivasainya 1998 Hoomale
2004 Namma Preetiya Ramu 2007 Aa Dinagalu
2009 Nannavanu, Bhagyadha Balegara, Prem Kahani 2010 Suryakaanti
2011 Hare Rama Hare Krishna 2012 Prasad

See also

References and notes

  1. ^ Ilayaraja celebrates birthday in style, sify.com., Moviebuzz 2 June 2010, 16:05:06
  2. ^ MobileReference (1 January 2007). Calendar of Historical Events, Births, Holidays and Observances. MobileReference. p. 1226. ISBN 978-1-60501-109-7. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  3. ^ Ilayaraja gets Padma Bhushan, Published 2010-01-26.
  4. ^ Allirajan, M. "Musical journeys". The Hindu. 10 June 2004. Accessed 2006-10-12.
  5. ^ Behal, S. "Melodious music". The Hindu. 23 July 2006. Accessed 2006-10-12.
  6. ^ Emmanuel Anthony Das (1 September 2010). The Best is Yet to Be. Pustak Mahal. p. 7. ISBN 978-81-223-1144-0. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  7. ^ a b S. Theodore Baskaran "Jnana To Gana: Consistent eclecticism has kept Tamil film music virile". Outlookindia.com, 26 June 2006.
  8. ^ a b c d e Greene, P.D. 1997. Film music: Southern area. Pp. 542-546 in B. Nettl, R.M. Stone, J. Porter and T. Rice (eds.). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Volume V: South Asia — The Indian Subcontinent. New York: Garland Pub. (p. 544).
  9. ^ "Now, Ilayaraja makes melodies in Marathi". dnaindia.com. 26 June 2011. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
  10. ^ THE WORLD'S TOP TEN, BBC World Service.com
  11. ^ a b A. R. Rahman wins 'Grassroot Grammy', THE HINDU, New Delhi 2 Sep 2009
  12. ^ Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. 2006. Directorate of Film Festivals. Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Accessed 2006-11-22.
  13. ^ "Ilayaraja, Ambarish, Krishna get NTR award". Hyderabad: The Hindu. 30 August 2007. Retrieved 5 June 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  14. ^ "Pride of Tamils". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 27 November 2004.
  15. ^ a b "Humorist springs a surprise". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 8 August 2008.
  16. ^ Sangeetha Devi, K. "Music from the past". The Hindu. 13 January 2007. Accessed 2007-03-03.
  17. ^ Staff reporter. "Ilaiyaraja's daughter gets engaged". The Hindu. 5 August 2005. Accessed 2007-03-03.
  18. ^ "Music maestro Ilayaraja's wife passes away". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 1 November 2011.
  19. ^ "Illayaraja - Gangai Amaran get together again". Behindwoods. 12 March 2005. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
  20. ^ a b Mohan, A. 1994. Ilaiyaraja: composer as phenomenon in Tamil film culture. M.A. thesis, Wesleyan University (pp. 106-107).
  21. ^ Rangarajan, M. "Memorable evening in many ways". The Hindu. 9 July 2004. Accessed 2006-11-19.
  22. ^ Author unknown. "No point in classifying music, says Ilayaraja". The Hindu. 19 June 2005. Accessed 2007-02-01.
  23. ^ Gautam, S. "'Suhana safar' with Salilda". The Hindu. 13 November 2004. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  24. ^ Chennai, S. "Looking back: flawless harmony in his music". The Hindu. 20 November 2005. Accessed 2006-11-15.
  25. ^ Choudhury, R. 2005. The films of Salil Chowdhury: Introduction. Accessed 2006-11-16.
  26. ^ Vijayakar, R. "The prince in Mumbai". Screen. 21 July 2006. Accessed 2007-02-06.
  27. ^ "Let down by screenplay -- Maayakkannaadi". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 20 April 2007.
  28. ^ Greene, P.D. 2001. "Authoring the Folk: the crafting of a rural popular music in south India". Journal of Intercultural Studies 22 (2): 161–172.
  29. ^ Sivanarayanan, A. 2004. Translating Tamil Dalit poetry. World Literature Today 78(2): 56-58.
  30. ^ Baskaran, S.T. "Music for the people". The Hindu. 6 January 2002. Accessed 2006-11-15.
  31. ^ a b Venkatraman, S. 1995. "Film music: the new intercultural idiom of 20th century Indian music". pp. 107-112 in A. Euba and C.T. Kimberlin (eds.). Intercultural Music Vol. I. Bayreuth: Breitinger (p. 110).
  32. ^ Venkatraman, S. 1995. "Film music: the new intercultural idiom of 20th century Indian music". pp. 107-112 in A. Euba and C.T. Kimberlin (eds.). Intercultural Music Vol. I. Bayreuth: Breitinger (p. 111).
  33. ^ Greene, P.D. 1997. Film music: Southern area. Pp. 542-546 in B. Nettl, R.M. Stone, J. Porter and T. Rice (eds.). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Volume V: South Asia — The Indian Subcontinent. New York: Garland Pub. (p. 545).
  34. ^ Rangarajan, M. "From Texas to tinsel town". The Hindu, 15 October 2004. Accessed 2007-02-01.
  35. ^ Ashok Kumar, S.R. "Variety fare for Pongal". The Hindu. 9 January 2004. Accessed 2007-02-01.
  36. ^ Greene, P.D. 1997. Film music: Southern area. Pp. 542-546 in B. Nettl, R.M. Stone, J. Porter and T. Rice (eds.). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Volume V: South Asia — The Indian Subcontinent. New York: Garland Pub. (pp. 544-545).
  37. ^ Oriental Records. Undated. Nothing But Wind. Accessed 2006-11-19.
  38. ^ Viswanathan, S. 2005. A cultural crossover. Frontline 22 (15), 16 July–29. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  39. ^ Parthasarathy, D. 2004. Thiruvasagam in 'classical crossover'. The Hindu, Friday, 26 November. Accessed 2007-03-01.
  40. ^ Soman, S. 2006. 'The Music Messiah'. The Hindu, Saturday, 30 December. Accessed 2007-02-27.
  41. ^ BBC World Service. 2002. BBC World Service 70th Anniversary Global Music Poll: The World's Top Ten. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  42. ^ TIME Magazine. 2005. 23220, nayakan, 00.html All-TIME 100 Movies. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  43. ^ Loewenstein, L. 2001. Hey Ram (review). Variety, 29 January. 381 (10): 60.
  44. ^ Press Information Bureau of the Government of India. 2003. Feature film: Nizhalkkuthu. Accessed 2006-11-17.
  45. ^ Dongre, A. and Malik, R. 1997. A day in the life of India. Hinduism Today, February. Accessed 2006-11-19.
  46. ^ Mehar, R. 2007. Hip-hopping around the world. The Hindu, 17 October. Accessed 2008-03-14.
  47. ^ Rangarajan, M. "The Raja still reigns supreme". The Hindu. 21 October 2005. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  48. ^ Van Ryssen, S. "Ilaiyaraaja's Musical Journey". Leonardo Digital Review. December 2005. Accessed 2007-03-07.
  49. ^ "Ithu Ilaiyaraja". The Hindu. 1 July 2005. Accessed 2006-10-13.
  50. ^ http://movies.sulekha.com/malayalam_oru-kaaryam-parayanundu_cast-crew.htm
  51. ^ Jha, Subhash K. "Ilayaraja's musical journey". http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 1 November 2010. {{cite news}}: External link in |publisher= (help)

Further reading

  • Prem-Ramesh. 1998. Ilaiyaraja: Isaiyin Thathuvamum Alagiyalum (trans.: Ilaiyaraja: The Philosophy and Aesthetics of Music). Chennai: Sembulam.
  • Ilaiyaraaja. 1998. Vettaveli Thanil Kotti Kidakkuthu (trans.: My Spiritual Experiences) (3rd ed.). Chennai: Kalaignan Pathipagam. → A collection of poems by Ilaiyaraaja.
  • Ilaiyaraaja. 1998. Vazhithunai. Chennai: Saral Veliyeedu.
  • Ilaiyaraaja. 1999. Sangeetha Kanavugal (trans.: Musical Dreams) (2nd ed.). Chennai: Kalaignan Pathipagam. → An autobiography about Ilaiyaraaja's European tour and other musings.
  • Ilaiyaraaja. 2000. Ilaiyaraajavin Sinthanaigal (trans.: Ilaiyaraaja's Thoughts). Chennai: Thiruvasu Puthaka Nilayam.
  • Srinivasan, Pavithra (20 September 2010). "Making Music, Raja-style". Rediff.com. Retrieved 15 October 2010. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)

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