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Revision as of 22:09, 16 December 2012
| Wixoe | |
|---|---|
 St Leonard's Church, Wixoe | |
| Population | 140 [1] |
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Police | Suffolk |
| Fire | Suffolk |
| Ambulance | East of England |
Wixoe is a village and civil parish in the St Edmundsbury district of Suffolk in eastern England. Located on the northern bank of the River Stour, two miles south-east of Haverhill, in 2005 its population was 140.[1] It consists largely of Victorian cottages along a narrow lane. There is church of 12C origin, St Leonard's, much restored in the 1880s[2]. There are some 13 listed buildings, including a 19c bridge and a water mill[3].
The Roman town
Roman remains have been frequently located in the vicinity and a settlement has long been proposed[4]. Recent archaeological digs and magnetic survey, as part of the Abberton pipeline installation, have revealed a small town occupied from 100-400AD. The Via Devana from Chester to Colchester, a military track, passed through. Another road led east from Wixoe, on the north side of the Stour, passing through Long Melford, before heading north-east to Baylham and possibly to Dunwich. A third road led north, probably towards Icklingham and the Icknield Way. No clear trace of these latter two roads outside Wixoe can now be seen: the agger in the form of valley side terraces has either been eroded by ploughing or incorporated into field boundaries, as is typical across East Anglia[5].
Other features and artefacts date from the IstC, increasing in the 3rdC and declining in the early 5thC (when Rome withdrew from Britain): a range of domestic buildings and courtyards, boundary ditches, industrial ovens and hearths with evidence of copper, lead and iron workings, pits for quarrying and storage[6]. It is possible that the Stour was navigable as far as Wixoe by flat-bottomed boats; a wharf area may be surmised. Parts of the town lay on the western bank within Essex. An enclosure was found there in 1803, suggesting a Roman military base. Over 4,000 coins have been found by metal detector, most from the 3rd and 4th C[7].
References
- ^ a b Estimates of Total Population of Areas in Suffolk Suffolk County Council: this page is no longer available - update from Census 2011 when available
- ^ Suffolk Churches website: Simon Knott
- ^ British Listed Buildings website
- ^ http://www.roman-britain.org/places/wixoe.htm Roman British Organisation
- ^ Ivan Margary, Roman Roads in Britain, John Baker 1973, 3rd ed. ISBN 0-212-97001-1 pp 243-277
- ^ Oxford Archaeology Report No 1283: Excavations at Wixoe Roman Town (Wix 022), September 2012 update
- ^ Jane Plouviez, ‘A hole in the distribution map: the characteristic of small towns in Suffolk’, in Brown, AE (ed), Roman Small Towns in Eastern England and beyond, Oxford: Oxbow Books 1995, pp69-90
External links
Media related to Wixoe at Wikimedia Commons