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Revision as of 13:50, 29 December 2012
The gens Annia was a plebeian family of considerable antiquity at Rome. The first person of this name whom Titus Livius mentions is the Latin praetor Lucius Annius of Setia, a Roman colony in 340 BC. By the time of the Second Punic War, the Annii were obtaining minor magistracies at Rome, and in 153 BC, Titus Annius Luscus attained the consulship. The gens remained prominent at Rome through the 1st century.[1]
Origin of the gens
Although the earliest of the Annii was from the Volscian town of Setia, he seems to have been a Latin, and the names used by the various members of this family are consistent with a Latin origin. Whether Roman Annii were descended from this Lucius Annius is not known. At least one early Annius was from Campania, but by this time, the family was already established at Rome.[1]
Praenomina used by the gens
The main families of the Annii at Rome used the praenomina Titus, Lucius, and Gaius. The Annii Lusci preferred Titus and Gaius, while the Annii Bellieni used Lucius and Gaius. Other members of the gens used Lucius, Publius, Gaius, and Quintus.[1]
Branches and cognomina of the gens
A number of Annii during the Republic bore no cognomen. The principal branches of the Annii were surnamed Luscus and Bellienus (or Bilienus). Luscus is derived from a word variously translated as "one-eyed", "bleary-eyed", or "partly blind". It must have been applied to an ancestor of the oldest family of the gens, and the only one to obtain the consulship at Rome. One member of this family bore the additional surname Rufus, probably in reference to his red hair. The last noteworthy member of the family became known as Milo, apparently a reference to a notorious robber in southern Italy. A variety of surnames were borne by individual Annii, including Asellus, Bassus, Cimber, Faustus, Gallus, and Pollio.[1]
Members of the gens
Annii Lusci
- Titus Annius (Luscus), triumvir for the founding of colonies in Gallia Cisalpina in 218 BC, obliged by a sudden rising of the Boii to take refuge in Mutina.[2]
- Titus Annius T. f. Luscus, sent as an envoy to Perseus in 172 BC, and triumvir for augmenting the colony at Aquileia in 169.[3]
- Titus Annius T. f. T. n. Luscus, consul in 153 BC, an orator who opposed Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus in 133.[4]
- Titus Annius T. f. T. n. Luscus, surnamed Rufus, consul in 128 BC.[5]
- Gaius Annius T. f. T. n. Luscus, commander of the garrison at Leptis Magna under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus during the Jugurthine War in 108 BC, and later sent by Lucius Cornelius Sulla against Quintus Sertorius in 81.
- Annia T. f. T. n., the wife of Gaius Papius Celsus and mother of Titus Annius Papianus Milo.[1]
- Titus Annius Papianus Milo, tribunus plebis in 57 BC, and unsuccessfully defended by Cicero after the murder of Publius Clodius Pulcher in 52.
Annii Bellieni
- Lucius Annius C. f. Bellienus, praetor in 107 BC, served under Gaius Marius in the war against Jugurtha and Bocchus.[6][7]
- Lucius Annius Bellienus, uncle of Catiline, ordered by Sulla to kill Quintus Lucretius Ofella, and condemned in 64 BC.[8]
- Gaius Annius Bellienus, legate of Marcus Fonteius in Gallia Narbonensis, in 72 BC.[9]
- Lucius Annius Bellienus, whose house was burnt down after the murder of Caesar in 44 BC.[10]
Others
- Lucius Annius, the Latin praetor of Setia in 340 BC, demanded equality for the Latins.
- Annius, a freedman, and reportedly the father of Gnaeus Flavius, curule aedile in 304 BC.[11][12]
- Annius, a Campanian ambassador to Rome in 216 BC, demanded that one of the consuls should henceforth be a Campanian.[13][14]
- Lucius Annius, tribunus plebis in 110 BC, wished to continue in office the next year, but was resisted by his colleagues.[15]
- Publius Annius, tribunus militum in 87 BC, murdered Marcus Antonius, the orator, and brought his head to Marius.[16][17]
- Annia, the wife of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, who died in 84 BC, and afterwards of Marcus Pupius Piso Frugi Calpurnianus, whom Sulla compelled to divorce her, because of her former marriage to Cinna.[18]
- Gaius Annius, sent into Hispania by Sulla about 82 BC. against Sertorius, whom he compelled to retire to Carthago Nova.[19]
- Gaius (or Publius) Annius Asellus, a senator who died, leaving his only daughter as his heiress. His property was seized by the praetor Verres.[20]
- Quintus Annius, a senator, and one of Catiline's conspirators in 63 BC.[21]
- Gaius Annius Cimber, a supporter of Marcus Antonius in 43 BC.
- Gaius Annius Pollio, accused of majestas during the reign of Tiberius, and later an intimate friend of Nero, banished after being accused of participating in the conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso.[22]
- Annius Faustus, a man of equestrian rank, and one of the informers (delatores) in the reign of Nero, was condemned by the Senate in AD 69, on the accusation of Vibius Crispus.[23]
- Annius Gallus, a Roman general under the emperors Marcus Salvius Otho and Titus Flavius Vespasianus.
- Annius Bassus, commander of a legion under Marcus Antonius Primus in AD 70.[24]
- Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus, a Roman Senator and consul of AD 108 [25] and the possible son of Appius Annius Gallus, one of the Suffect Consuls in the year AD 67, father of:
- Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus, a Roman Senator, son to the above and one of the consuls in the year AD 139,[26][27] father of:
- Appius Annius Atilius Bradua, a Roman Senator who served as an ordinary consul in AD 160 [26][27][28]
- Appia Annia Regilla Atilia Caucidia Tertulla, otherwise known as Aspasia Annia Regilla, daughter to Appius Annius Trebonius Gallus consul in AD 139 and sister to the above. She married the prominent Greek Herodes Atticus [25][26]
- Marcus Annius Verus (flourished AD 1st century & AD 2nd century), a Spanish Roman Senator and Consul, son of an elder Marcus Annius Verus, father of:
- Annia Galeria Faustina Major or known as Faustina the Elder (about AD 100-141), Roman Empress who married future Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius
- Marcus Annius Libo (flourished AD 2nd century), a Roman Senator and Consul, father of a younger Marcus Annius Libo and Annia Fundania Faustina
- Marcus Annius Verus (died in AD 124), the biological father of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Annia Cornificia Faustina
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxi. 25.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xlii. 25, xliii. 17.
- ^ Plutarchus, Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans Tiberius Gracchus 14.
- ^ Fasti Capitolini
- ^ Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Jugurthine War 104.
- ^ T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952).
- ^ Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Toga Candida p. 92, ed. Orelli.
- ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Fonteio 4.
- ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Philippicae ii. 36.
- ^ Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae vii. 9.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita ix. 46.
- ^ Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX vi. 4. § 1.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxiii. 6, 22.
- ^ Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Jugurthine War 37.
- ^ Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX ix. 2. § 2.
- ^ Appianus, Bellum Civile i. 72.
- ^ Marcus Velleius Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History ii. 41.
- ^ Plutarchus, Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans Sertorius 7.
- ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Verrem i. 41 ff.
- ^ Gaius Sallustius Crispus, The Conspiracy of Catiline 17, 50.
- ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales vi. 9, xv. 56, 71, xvi. 30.
- ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Historiae ii. 10.
- ^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Historiae iii. 50.
- ^ a b Birley, The Roman government of Britain p. 112
- ^ a b c Pomeroy, The murder of Regilla: a case of domestic violence in antiquity
- ^ a b Birley, The Roman government of Britain p. 114
- ^ http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appius_Annius_Atilius_Bradua
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)