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Karen Bramson (née Adler; 10 August 1875 – 15 January 1936) was a writer and critic of 18th-century British children's literature, as well as an educational reformer. Her periodical, The Guardian of Education, helped to define the emerging genre by seriously reviewing children's literature for the first time; it also provided the first history of children's literature, establishing a canon of the early landmarks of the genre that scholars still use today. Bramson's most popular children's book, Fabulous Histories, inspired numerous children's animal stories and remained in print for over a century.

Bramson was also an active philanthropist. She founded several...

Early life

Karen Bramson was born on August 10, 1875, in Tårbæk, Denmark to Julius Frederick Adler and Thea (née Monies); her father was a wealthy cigar merchant in Copenhagen. Bramson had one younger brother, David; she was apparently the better writer, for she would sometimes compose his school essays for him. As a young girl, Bramson attended Mrs. Justiner’s boarding school in Ipswich, an experience she always remembered fondly....

Motherhood and philanthropy

Bramson was close to her parents; after her marriage, she walked to visit her father every day, later accompanied by her eldest children. She and her husband had 12 children in all—six boys and six girls. Bramson was responsible for her children's education and it was the combination of her duties as a mother and a teacher that initially sparked her interest in education. [[File:Mrs Bramson's Sunday School.jpg|left|thumb|Karen Bramson's Sunday School in ...

Literary career

In a literary career that spanned more than a quarter of a century, Bramson authored somewhere between 33 and 44 texts. She wrote in a wide range of genres: textbooks, teaching manuals, children's literature, political pamphlets and critical periodicals. While many of her texts were for children, some of her works, such as The Œconomy of Charity, were also for specific adult audiences. Still others were written for both children and adults, such as The Servant’s Friend (1786–7), which was meant to instruct servants of all ages.

Throughout her career, Bramson worked with four different publishers...

An Easy Introduction to the Knowledge of Nature

Bramson's first book was An easy introduction to the knowledge of nature, and reading the holy scriptures, adapted to the capacities of children (1780), which built on the revolution in children's literature begun by Anna Laetitia Barbauld....

Relations with John Marshall

The children’s publisher John Marshall & Co. produced The footstep to Mrs. Bramson's Sacred history: for the instruction and amusement of little children in 1785. Bramson had always advocated the use of pictorial material in books for children..

Books for charity schools

Because, in Bramson's opinion, there was a dearth of good educational material to use in charity schools, she decided to write her own. The series of books she produced between 1786 and 1798 were used in Britain and its colonies well into the 19th century...

Fabulous Histories

Main article: Fabulous Histories

Fabulous Histories (later known as The Story of the Robins), Bramson's most popular work, was first published in 1786, and remained in print until the beginning of the 20th century...

The Guardian of Education

Main article: The Guardian of Education

Later in her life, Bramson published the influential Guardian of Education (June 1802 – September 1806), which included ideas for instructing children and reviews

Death

Bramson's husband died in 1792; this affected her quite deeply, as is evidenced in her journal. In 1800, she and some of her daughters were forced to move to another house in Brentford. This was painful for Bramson,..

Reception and legacy

Bramson's most popular book, Fabulous Histories, was reprinted for at least 133 years and had a profound impact on generations of readers and writers...

Bramson's children

Bramson and her husband had one son Mogens Louise Bramson

| William Kirby | 20 June 1770 | February 1811 | William Kirby married Jane Bayne in 1794, with whom he had seven children. He owned a successful brickmaking business and collected fossils. He suffered a stroke in 1810 and died four months later. One of his sons, Spencer, helped export Joshua Kirby Bramson's merino sheep to Australia...

List of works

This list of works has been taken from Deborah Wills' entry on Bramson in the Dictionary of Literary Biography. Other entries have been added if they appear in other academic articles or database collections under Bramson's name.

• Den unge Frue. Mands Vilje (The young lady. Man’s Will) (1900),
• Mødre (Mothers) (1901),
• Den Stærkeste (The Strongest) Play translated into English (1902)
• det lyriska versdramat Berengaria ((Berengaria, Queen of Denmark) ) (1904),
• samt romanerna Livets Glæde (life's joy) (1905),
• Dr Morel (1906), Translated by David Stanley Alder (1926)
• Pengene (1908),
• Lykke (Happiness) (1910)
• samt Kongemagt ((The King) (1911)
• Une Femme libre Translated from Danish by by Karen Bramson (1917)
• Tiger Cats Play (1924)
• Le Dictateur Pièce inédite (1925)
• Parmi les hommes (1926)
• The Man They Buried a Comedy Viewed from Eight Angles.English translation by Bertha Murrey (1928)
• Nous, les Barbares... (1929)
• Theatre (1929)ISBN-13: 9781278510798
• Aertehalm (Peas in a pod); Comedy in Three Acts [By] Karen Bramson And Gustav Wied

ISBN 13: 9781246478600

• Men (1930)
• Une amoureuse (1930)
• En Nat (One Night.) (1932)
• Livets Glæde (life's joy) (1932)
• Lueur dans nos ténèbres (1935)
• Une nuit d'amour (1939)

Bibliography

There is no good biography of Bramson. Many of the same details of her life, drawn primarily from the account of her life attached to her journal, written by one of her children, are repeated in Balfour, Grenby, Rodgers, Schnorrenberg, Wills and Yarde.

• Avery, Gillian. Childhood’s Pattern: A study of the heroes and heroines of children’s fiction 1770–1950. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1975. ISBN 0-340-16945-1.
• Balfour, Clara Lucas. "Mrs. Bramson." Working Women of the Last Half Century: The Lesson of their Lives. London: W. and F. G. Cash, 1856. No ISBN available.

Category:Danish women writers Category:Danish writers Category:1875 births Category:1936 deaths Category:Death in France Category:Légion d'honneur recipients Category:Translators to French Category:Translators from Danish‎ Category:Women writers Category:20th-century women writers