Caloocan

Caloocan City Lungsod ng Kalookan
Highly-Urbanized City
City of Caloocan
Caloocan City Hall
Seal
Nickname:  The Only Divided City in the Philippines
Motto:  Moving from Vision to Victory
Map of Metro Manila showing the location of Caloocan City
Country	Philippines
Region	National Capital Region
Province	none (Former part of Rizal province until 1975)
Districts	1st and 2nd Districts of Caloocan City
Incorporated (town)	1815
Cityhood	16 February 1962
Barangays	188
Government
• Mayor	Enrico "Recom" Echiverri (Liberal)
• Vice Mayor	Edgar "Egay" Erice (Liberal)
Area
• Total	55.80 km2 (21.54 sq mi)
Population  (2010)
• Total	1,489,040
• Density	27,000/km2 (69,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	1400 for Caloocan City Post Office
Dialing code	02
Website	www.caloocancity.gov.ph

The City of Caloocan (Template:Lang-fil) is one of the cities that constitute the Metro Manila in the Philippines. It is a major residential area in the metropolis. Located north of the City of Manila, Caloocan is the country's third most populous city with a population of 1,489,040 as of the 2010 census.

Geography

Caloocan City is divided into two separate areas. Southern Caloocan City lies directly north of the City of Manila and is bounded by Malabon City and Valenzuela City to the north and west, Navotas to the west, and Quezon City to the east. Northern Caloocan City is the northernmost territory of Metro Manila; it lies east of Valenzuela City, north of Quezon City, and south of San Jose del Monte City, Meycauayan City and Marilao in the province of Bulacan. Northern Caloocan City is much larger than its southern counterpart.

Barangays

Main article: Barangays of Caloocan City

Caloocan City is divided into 188 barangays. The city uses a hybrid system for its barangays - all barangays have their corresponding numbers but only a few - mostly in the northern part - have corresponding names.

Among all cities in the Philippines, only Manila, Pasay City and Caloocan City implement the so-called "Zone Systems". A Zone is a group of barangays in a district. Although a zone is considered a subdivision in the local government units, the people do not elect a leader for the zone in a popular election similar to the normal barangay or local elections. The zoning system is merely for strategical purposes. Caloocan City has 16 Zones. The biggest zone in Caloocan is Zone 15 located in District 1 (North Caloocan) directly west of the second biggest zone in Caloocan which is Zone 16.

Barangay Bagong Silang (176) is the largest barangay in the country with a population of 221,874 people.

History

See also: Philippine Revolution

The ammunition train and reserves of the 20th Kansas Volunteers, Col. Frederick R. Funston, marching through Caloocan at night after the battle of February 10.

The city is historically significant because it was the center of activities for the Katipunan, the secret militant society that launched the Philippine Revolution during the Spanish occupation of the Philippines. It was in a house in Caloocan where secret meetings were held by Andres Bonifacio and his men, and it was within the city's perimeters where the very first armed encounter took place between the Katipunan and the Spaniards.

The word caloocan comes from the Tagalog root word lo-ok; kalook-lookan (or kaloob-looban) means "innermost area". The City borders many other cities such as Quezon City, Manila, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela and San Jose Del Monte Bulacan in the north. During the formation of Rizal Province, Caloocan was included in its matrix until 1975.

Territorial controversy

By the 1920s, Caloocan had annexed the neighboring town of Novaliches, bringing it to a total area of about 15,000 hectares. In 1939, when Quezon City was created, 1,500 hectares of land from Caloocan was to be given to the newly-created capital city. But the people, instead of opposing it, willingly gave land to Quezon City, realizing it will be good for the Philippines' new capital.

However, in 1949, the Congress of the Philippines enacted Republic Act No. 333, which redefined the Caloocan-Quezon City boundary. The barrios of Baesa, Talipapa, San Bartolome, Pasong Tamo, Novaliches, Banlat, Kabuyao, Pugad Lawin, Bagbag, Pasong Putik, which formerly belonged to Novaliches and had an area of about 8,100 hectares, were taken from Caloocan. This caused the division of Caloocan into two separate parts - the South section being the urbanized part, while the North section being subrural.

Demographics

As of 2010, the city has a population of 1,489,040 people which makes it the third largest city in the Philippines in terms of population.

Population census of Caloocan

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1975	397,201	—
1980	467,816	+3.33%
1990	763,415	+5.02%
1995	1,023,159	+5.64%
2000	1,177,604	+3.06%
2007	1,378,856	+2.20%
2010	1,489,040	+2.84%
Source: National Statistics Office

Most of the people speak English and Filipino as their primary language. A considerable number of the population also speak other languages and dialects. Like many other places in the country, Roman Catholicism is the religion with most followers in the city, but there is a significant number of the members of Members Church of God International known as Ang Dating Daan, Iglesia ni Cristo and other Christian denominations.

Economy

Caloocan City's 10th Avenue area is well known for the clusters of motorcycle dealers and motorcycle spare parts dealers. Among the major and famous streets are P. Zamora Street and A. Mabini Street.

Numerous banks have branches in the city such as Banco de Oro, East West Bank, MetroBank, Maybank, Chinabank, Bank of the Philippine Islands, Our Lady of Grace Credit Cooperative etc.

The city also has a number of shopping malls and stand-alone supermarkets and hypermarkets including Ever Gotesco Grand Central Mall, Victory Central Mall, Puregold Monumento, Araneta Square, Uniwide Warehouse Club Monumento, and SM Hypermarket Monumento which are located in Monumento area in the south; and Zabarte Town Center and Puregold Zabarte, which are located in Barangay 175 Camarin area at the north.

The Manila North Tollways Corporation's headquarters, the concession holder of the North Luzon Expressway, is housed in Caloocan City.

Local government

List of former mayors

Municipality of Caloocan
Period of Tenure	Mayor
1902–1904	Pedro Sevilla
1904–1906	Silverio Baltazar
1906–1908	Tomas Susano
1908–1910	Leon Nadurata
1910–1913	Emilio Sanchez
1913–1915	Godofredo Herrera
1915–1921	Jose Sanchez
1922–1925	Dominador Aquino
1926–1928	Pablo Pablo
1928–1931	Dominador Aquino
1932–1940	Pablo Pablo
1941–1944	Cornelio Cordero
1945–1946	Oscar Baello
1946–1951	Jesus Basa
1952–1962	Macario Asistio, Sr.

City of Caloocan
Period of Tenure	Mayor
1962–1971	Macario Asistio, Sr.
1972–1976	Marcial Samson
1976–1978	Alejandro Fider
1978–1980	Virgilio Robles
1980–1986	Macario Asistio, Jr.
1986	Virgilio Robles
1986–1988	Antonio Martinez
1988–1995	Macario Asistio, Jr.
1995–2004	Reynaldo Malonzo
2004–present	Enrico Echiverri

Infrastructure

Transportation

The Balintawak Toll Barrier of the North Luzon Expressway located in Caloocan City.

The Light Rail Transit (LRT-1) has a terminal at Monumento, That serves 1 station 5th Avenue LRT Station The railway traverses Rizal Avenue Extension of Caloocan City, into the City of Manila and Pasay City. The whole stretch can be traveled in about 30 minutes.

The Philippine National Railways has a terminal at Samson Road. That serves 3 Stations (Caloocan railway station, Asistio Avenue railway station, & C-3 railway station)

The city has an extensive network of roads. The most prominent of these roads is the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue which begins in Monumento area. Also, the North Luzon Expressway Operations and Maintenance Center and the Balintawak Toll Barrier are also housed in Caloocan City.

The Victory Liner Incorporated's headquarters and its terminal is located in Rizal Avenue Extension near the LRT Monumento Station.

Landmarks

File:Caloocancity.jpg

Monumento.

The city's most celebrated landmark is the monument of Philippine revolutionary Andres Bonifacio, which is located at the end of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA). The memorial was erected in 1933 with sculptures crafted by national artist Guillermo Tolentino to mark the very first battle of the Philippine revolution on August 3, 1896. Recent renovations have been made on the environs of the monument, including the Bonifacio Circle, its former site, and the Caloocan stretch of EDSA, which is 100 meters away from the landmark. The whole area is now known as Monumento (Monument). The city hall is located on A. Mabini Avenue in the southern part of the city, across the street from San Roque Parish Cathedral. The old city hall, on the other hand, still stands today in its present location at 9th Avenue. There is also a city hall in the northern part of the city.

A Bureau of Internal Revenue district office is located in EDSA.

Education

The city's lone public university is the University of Caloocan City (formerly Caloocan City Polytechnic College). Other educational institution of higher learning are the University of the East - Caloocan, ABE International Business College (www.abecollege.com) Holy Redeemer School of Kalookan, World Citi Colleges and Manila Central University. Several high schools, such as Caloocan High School, Notre Dame of Greater Manila, Caloocan City Science High School, Caloocan City Business High School, Guardian Angel School, Holy Infant Montessori Center, Saint Benedict School of Novaliches, Saint Andrew School MHANLE Inc., Philippine Cultural College (Annex), Systems Plus Computer College, St. Mary's Academy of Caloocan City, St. Clare College of Caloocan, Mystical Rose School of Caloocan, St. Agnes Academy of Caloocan Inc., St. Therese of Rose School, St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Maranatha Christian Academy of Caloocan (Camarin), Camarin High School, and the two campuses of La Consolacion College in which one is located in Novaliches in the northern part and the other one is located on the southern part, near the city hall. There is a campus here of Access Computer College, a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution.

Sister cities

• Malabon, Philippines

Gallery

• 
  A century-old Taoist temple, a landmark built by the Chinese community in 5th Avenue LRT Station.
• 
  City hall, view from a side
• 
  View of the Seat of Government from Brgy. 16
• 
  View of Brgy. 15 & 16 from the City hall
• 
  Regional Trial Courts, Halls of Justice
• 
  Vicariate of Our Lady of Grace, Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Grace[1],Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalookan

External links

• Official website