Colluvium: Difference between revisions
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| ⚫ | '''Colluvium''' is a general name for loose, unconsolidated [[sediment]]s that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by rainwash, sheetwash, or slow continuous, downslope creep. Colluvium can be composed of often a heterogeneous range of sediments ranging from [[silt]] to [[Rock (geology)|rock]] fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited by unconcentrated [[surface runoff]] or sheet erosion at the base of a slope. '''Colluviation''' refers to the build up of colluvium at the base a of a hillslope.<ref name="JacksonOthers2005a">Jackson, JA, J Mehl, and K. Neuendorf (2005) ''Glossary of Geology'' American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. 800 pp. ISBN 0-922152-76-4</ref><ref name="Goodie2003a">Goodie, AS (2003) ''Colluvium'' in A. S. Goodie, ed., pp. 173, Encyclopedia of Geomorphology Volume 1, A–I. Routledge, New York, New York. 1200 pp.</ref> |
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'''Colluvium''' is a general name for loose, unconsolidated [[sediment]]s that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by rainwash, sheetwash, or slow continuous, |
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| ⚫ | downslope creep. Colluvium can be composed of often a heterogeneous range of sediments ranging from silt to rock fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited by unconcentrated surface runoff or sheet erosion at the base of a slope. '''Colluviation''' refers to the build up of colluvium at the base a of a hillslope.<ref name="JacksonOthers2005a">Jackson, JA, J Mehl, and K. Neuendorf (2005) ''Glossary of Geology'' American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. 800 pp. ISBN 0-922152-76-4</ref><ref name="Goodie2003a">Goodie, AS (2003) ''Colluvium'' in A. S. Goodie, ed., pp. 173, Encyclopedia of Geomorphology Volume 1, A–I. Routledge, New York, New York. 1200 pp.</ref> |
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Typically colluvium accumulates gently sloping aprons of fans either the base of or within gullies and hollows within hillslopes. These accumulations of colluvium can be several meters in thickness and often contain |
Typically colluvium accumulates gently sloping aprons of fans either the base of or within gullies and hollows within hillslopes. These accumulations of colluvium can be several meters in thickness and often contain buried soils ([[paleosol]]s), crude bedding, and cut and fill sequences. Thick accumulations of colluvium may preserve a rich record of longterm climatic change based on the paleosols and the remains of plants and animals, invertebrate and vertebrates, that they often contain. Thick accumulations of colluvium often contain well-preserved buried and sometimes deeply buried archaeological deposits as found at the [[Cherokee Sewer Site]], Iowa, and the [[Koster Site]], Greene County, Illinois.<ref name="Waters1996a">Waters MR (1996) ''Principles of Geoarchaeology: A North American Perspective.'' University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 398 pp.</ref><ref name="Anderson1980a">Anderson, D, and HA Semken (1980) ''The Cherokee Excavations: Holocene Ecology and Human Adaptations in Northwestern Iowa.'' Academic Press, New York.</ref><ref name="Angel1990a">Angel JR (1990) ''Koster site archaeology I: stratigraphy and landscape evolution.'' Research Series. vol. 8. Center for American Archeology, Kampsville, Illinois.</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 20:01, 14 February 2013
Colluvium is a general name for loose, unconsolidated sediments that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by rainwash, sheetwash, or slow continuous, downslope creep. Colluvium can be composed of often a heterogeneous range of sediments ranging from silt to rock fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited by unconcentrated surface runoff or sheet erosion at the base of a slope. Colluviation refers to the build up of colluvium at the base a of a hillslope.[1][2]
Typically colluvium accumulates gently sloping aprons of fans either the base of or within gullies and hollows within hillslopes. These accumulations of colluvium can be several meters in thickness and often contain buried soils (paleosols), crude bedding, and cut and fill sequences. Thick accumulations of colluvium may preserve a rich record of longterm climatic change based on the paleosols and the remains of plants and animals, invertebrate and vertebrates, that they often contain. Thick accumulations of colluvium often contain well-preserved buried and sometimes deeply buried archaeological deposits as found at the Cherokee Sewer Site, Iowa, and the Koster Site, Greene County, Illinois.[3][4][5]
See also
References
- ^ Jackson, JA, J Mehl, and K. Neuendorf (2005) Glossary of Geology American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. 800 pp. ISBN 0-922152-76-4
- ^ Goodie, AS (2003) Colluvium in A. S. Goodie, ed., pp. 173, Encyclopedia of Geomorphology Volume 1, A–I. Routledge, New York, New York. 1200 pp.
- ^ Waters MR (1996) Principles of Geoarchaeology: A North American Perspective. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 398 pp.
- ^ Anderson, D, and HA Semken (1980) The Cherokee Excavations: Holocene Ecology and Human Adaptations in Northwestern Iowa. Academic Press, New York.
- ^ Angel JR (1990) Koster site archaeology I: stratigraphy and landscape evolution. Research Series. vol. 8. Center for American Archeology, Kampsville, Illinois.
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