Caviar: Difference between revisions
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{{For2|the band of the same name|[[Caviar (band)]]}} |
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[[Image:caviar2.jpg|right|thumb|225px|A can of black Iranian caviar]] |
[[Image:caviar2.jpg|right|thumb|225px|A can of black Iranian caviar]] |
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[[Image:Salmoncavieronbutterbrot.jpg|right|thumb|225px|Russian salmon caviar on buttered bread]] |
[[Image:Salmoncavieronbutterbrot.jpg|right|thumb|225px|Russian salmon caviar on buttered bread]] |
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'''Caviar''' is the processed salted [[roe]] of various species of fish, most notably [[sturgeon]]. It is commercially marketed throughout the world as a [[delicacy]] and is eaten principally as a garnish or spread, as with [[hors d' |
'''Caviar''' is the processed salted [[roe]] of various species of [[fish]], most notably [[sturgeon]]. It is commercially marketed throughout the world as a [[list of delicacies|delicacy]] and is eaten principally as a garnish or spread, as with [[hors d'œuvre]]s. The name "caviar" comes from the [[Persian language|Persian]] word خاگآور (''Khāg-āvar'') which means "the roe-generator". This name in Persian means the sturgeon and its product, the roe. [[Russian language|Russian]] uses an unrelated name, икра ''ikra''. |
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Today the best caviar comes from sturgeon fished from the [[Caspian Sea]] by [[Azerbaijan]], [[Iran]] and [[Russia]]. Some of the highest prices are paid for [[Beluga caviar|Beluga]], [[Ossetra]], and [[Sevruga]] varieties (note that the large-grained [[Beluga caviar]] comes from the [[Beluga sturgeon]] and has nothing to do with the [[Beluga whale]] |
Today, the best caviar comes from sturgeon that is fished from the [[Caspian Sea]] by [[Azerbaijan]], [[Iran]], and [[Russia]]. Some of the highest prices are paid for [[Beluga caviar|Beluga]], [[Ossetra]], and [[Sevruga]] varieties (note that the large-grained [[Beluga caviar]] comes from the [[Beluga sturgeon]] and has nothing to do with the [[Beluga whale]] — [[whale]]s do not lay eggs). The rare golden [[Sterlet]] caviar was once the favorite of [[czar]]s, [[shah]]s and [[emperor]]s, but the species is now nearly [[extinction|extinct]]. Dwindling yields due to [[overfishing]] and [[pollution]] have resulted in less costly alternatives, processed from the roe of [[Coregonus|whitefish]] and [[North Atlantic]] [[salmon]], becoming popular. The word "malossol" on the label means "little salt" in Russian, and indicates that it has been processed with a minimum amount of salt. Caviar contains typically 4–8% salt, with the better varieties generally containing less salt. |
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In the early [[1900s]], both [[Canada]] and the [[United States]] were major suppliers of caviar to [[Europe]], harvesting the eggs from [[ |
In the early [[1900s]], both [[Canada]] and the [[United States]] were major suppliers of caviar to [[Europe]], harvesting the eggs from [[lake sturgeon]] in the midwest, and from [[Shortnose sturgeon]] and [[Atlantic sturgeon]] that spawned in East Coast rivers. However, today the Shortnose sturgeon is listed as ''Vulnerable'' in the [[World Conservation Union|IUCN]] [[IUCN Red List|Red List]] of endangered species and as ''Endangered'' under the [[Endangered Species Act|U.S. Endangered Species Act]]. |
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In recent years the [[aquaculture]] of sturgeon has been increasing, especially in [[France]], [[Uruguay]] and Southern [[California]][http://www.cfbf.com/agalert/AgAlertStory.cfm?ID=408&ck=0D0FD7C6E093F7B804FA0150B875B868]. In recent years [[paddlefish]] and [[hackleback]] caviar have |
In recent years, the [[aquaculture]] of sturgeon has been increasing, especially in [[France]], [[Uruguay]] and Southern [[California]][http://www.cfbf.com/agalert/AgAlertStory.cfm?ID=408&ck=0D0FD7C6E093F7B804FA0150B875B868]. In recent years, [[paddlefish]] and [[hackleback]] caviar have increased in popularity. These lower-priced caviars are also from the sturgeon family. Recently, the amount of allowed wild harvesting is being reduced, driving the price upward. |
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The [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]] banned the import of Beluga caviar from the [[Caspian Sea]] in September 2005 in an attempt to protect the endangered Beluga sturgeon. A month later, it extended the ban to Beluga caviar from the [[Black Sea]] basin for similar reasons. |
The [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]] banned the import of Beluga caviar from the [[Caspian Sea]] in September 2005 in an attempt to protect the endangered Beluga sturgeon. A month later, it extended the ban to Beluga caviar from the [[Black Sea]] basin for similar reasons. |
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In January 2006, [[CITES]], the convention for trade in endangered species, announced that they were "unable to approve the export quotas" for 2006 for caviar from wild stocks. If this is not resolved, the trade in caviar would be limited to that produced in sturgeon farms. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4577100.stm] |
In January 2006, [[Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna|CITES]], the convention for trade in endangered species, announced that they were "unable to approve the export quotas" for 2006 for caviar from wild stocks. If this is not resolved, the trade in caviar would be limited to that produced in sturgeon farms. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4577100.stm] |
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Due to its high price, it is synonymous in Western culture with luxury and wealth in the same way that personal |
Due to its high price, it is synonymous in Western culture with luxury and wealth in the same way that personal [[jet aircraft|jet]]s, [[yacht]]s, and [[mansion]]s are commonly regarded. In Russia and other cultures, though an expensive delicacy, it is a common part of celebrations such as wedding and holiday feasts. |
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Serving is done with either horn, wood or gold utensils ([[mother-of-pearl]] and [[plastic]] are also common), rather than silver or steel (even stainless), which may alter the taste and color of the caviar. |
Serving is done with either horn, wood, or gold utensils ([[mother-of-pearl]] and [[plastic]] are also common), rather than silver or steel (even stainless), which may alter the taste and color of the caviar. |
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Commercial caviar production normally involves stunning the fish (usually with a club to the head) and extracting the [[ovaries]], although a number of farmers are experimenting with surgical removal of the roe from live sturgeon, allowing the females to produce more eggs during their lifespans. Caviar is an [[animal product]] and not considered to be [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]], but there is a [[soy]]-based imitation caviar available on the |
Commercial caviar production normally involves stunning the fish (usually with a club to the head) and extracting the [[ovaries]], although a number of farmers are experimenting with surgical removal of the roe from live sturgeon, allowing the females to produce more eggs during their lifespans. Caviar is an [[animal product]] and not considered to be [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]], but there is a [[soy]]-based imitation caviar available on the vegetarian market. |
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In [[Scandinavia]], a significantly cheaper version of caviar, made from [[cod]] roe can be bought in tubes, suitable for use as sandwich filling. Caviar from [[burbot]], [[vendace]] and [[whitefish]] can be bought in [[Finland]] in its natural form as an alternative to sturgeon caviar. Caviar from burbot is regarded by some gourmets as such |
In [[Scandinavia]], a significantly cheaper version of caviar, made from [[cod]] roe, can be bought in tubes, suitable for use as sandwich filling. Caviar from [[burbot]], [[vendace]], and [[whitefish]] can be bought in [[Finland]] in its natural form as an alternative to sturgeon caviar. Caviar from burbot is regarded by some gourmets as such a delicacy that it even outranks Beluga in taste with the fraction of the price of sturgeon caviar. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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[[Category:Roe]] |
[[Category:Roe]] |
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Revision as of 00:03, 1 June 2006
Caviar is the processed salted roe of various species of fish, most notably sturgeon. It is commercially marketed throughout the world as a delicacy and is eaten principally as a garnish or spread, as with hors d'œuvres. The name "caviar" comes from the Persian word خاگآور (Khāg-āvar) which means "the roe-generator". This name in Persian means the sturgeon and its product, the roe. Russian uses an unrelated name, икра ikra.
Today, the best caviar comes from sturgeon that is fished from the Caspian Sea by Azerbaijan, Iran, and Russia. Some of the highest prices are paid for Beluga, Ossetra, and Sevruga varieties (note that the large-grained Beluga caviar comes from the Beluga sturgeon and has nothing to do with the Beluga whale — whales do not lay eggs). The rare golden Sterlet caviar was once the favorite of czars, shahs and emperors, but the species is now nearly extinct. Dwindling yields due to overfishing and pollution have resulted in less costly alternatives, processed from the roe of whitefish and North Atlantic salmon, becoming popular. The word "malossol" on the label means "little salt" in Russian, and indicates that it has been processed with a minimum amount of salt. Caviar contains typically 4–8% salt, with the better varieties generally containing less salt.
In the early 1900s, both Canada and the United States were major suppliers of caviar to Europe, harvesting the eggs from lake sturgeon in the midwest, and from Shortnose sturgeon and Atlantic sturgeon that spawned in East Coast rivers. However, today the Shortnose sturgeon is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of endangered species and as Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
In recent years, the aquaculture of sturgeon has been increasing, especially in France, Uruguay and Southern California[1]. In recent years, paddlefish and hackleback caviar have increased in popularity. These lower-priced caviars are also from the sturgeon family. Recently, the amount of allowed wild harvesting is being reduced, driving the price upward.
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service banned the import of Beluga caviar from the Caspian Sea in September 2005 in an attempt to protect the endangered Beluga sturgeon. A month later, it extended the ban to Beluga caviar from the Black Sea basin for similar reasons.
In January 2006, CITES, the convention for trade in endangered species, announced that they were "unable to approve the export quotas" for 2006 for caviar from wild stocks. If this is not resolved, the trade in caviar would be limited to that produced in sturgeon farms. [2]
Due to its high price, it is synonymous in Western culture with luxury and wealth in the same way that personal jets, yachts, and mansions are commonly regarded. In Russia and other cultures, though an expensive delicacy, it is a common part of celebrations such as wedding and holiday feasts.
Serving is done with either horn, wood, or gold utensils (mother-of-pearl and plastic are also common), rather than silver or steel (even stainless), which may alter the taste and color of the caviar.
Commercial caviar production normally involves stunning the fish (usually with a club to the head) and extracting the ovaries, although a number of farmers are experimenting with surgical removal of the roe from live sturgeon, allowing the females to produce more eggs during their lifespans. Caviar is an animal product and not considered to be vegetarian, but there is a soy-based imitation caviar available on the vegetarian market.
In Scandinavia, a significantly cheaper version of caviar, made from cod roe, can be bought in tubes, suitable for use as sandwich filling. Caviar from burbot, vendace, and whitefish can be bought in Finland in its natural form as an alternative to sturgeon caviar. Caviar from burbot is regarded by some gourmets as such a delicacy that it even outranks Beluga in taste with the fraction of the price of sturgeon caviar.
See also
External links
