English Grammar in Use: Difference between revisions

English Grammar in Use
	File:EnglishGrammarInUse 3rded.png
Author	Raymond Murphy
Language	English
Series	In Use
Subject	Self-study book on English Grammar
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Publication date	1985 (1st Ed)
Publication place	UK
Media type	Paper Book (along with CD)
ISBN	978-0-521-53289-1 (3rd Ed) Parameter error in {{ISBNT}}: invalid character

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English Grammar in Use is a self-study reference and practice book for intermediate to advanced students of English. The book was written by Raymond Murphy and published by Cambridge University Press.

Book editions

The earliest edition as seen on Google books was released in 1985.^[1] This release contained 328 pages and had an ISBN of 9780521287234. A well known edition of the book is the second edition, which was released in 1991 and had an ISBN of 9780521336833.^[2] Most recently the fourth edition was released.^[3] Many other reprints of these three main editions have been published.

About the book

The book has been widely used by English language students, especially those from non-English-speaking countries, as a practice and reference book. The book has achieved a great reader acceptance because of its accuracy and simplicity. Though the book was titled as a self study reference, the publisher states that the book is also suitable for reinforcement work in the classroom. There are two versions of the book (with or without answer key).^[4] The book is divided into units, each unit (typically of two facing pages) has the lesson itself on the left page, while the right page contains exercises on that lesson. The book's units are ordered according to the lesson simplicity; or starts with the basic topics and goes up to more advanced topics. The author advises readers to flip over and find whichever topics they feel they need improvement on. A study guide is placed at the end of the book, which contains exercises that when solved reveal what topics student needs improvement on, and suggests the unit numbers the student should study; and thus the reader can figure out which units to study and which to omit.

Book contents

Following is a list of the main book parts (as in the third edition). The number of units and their order slightly differ among different editions.

Present and past
Present prefect and past
Future
Modals
If and wish
Passive
Reported Speech
Questions and auxiliary verbs
-ing and infinitive
Articles and nouns
Pronouns and determiners
Relative clauses
Adjectives and adverbs
Conjunctions and prepositions
Prepositions
Phrasal verbs

File:The notes of tenses

The Notes of All Tenses & Bold textActive Passive Voice, Direct &Indirect Speech

EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

zakir ullah adil

Year: 2010 Call: 03009361794/0786447041/0796466638

                    Add:   Gulbahar #4  peshawar Pakistan

THE NOTES OF TENSESE EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

Administrator of Edwards Composed by Institute Sir Hamayun “Hilal” Zakir ullah Adil

        (1)       SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OR

It shows an action which is happening daily and regularly in the present is called simple present tense.

                              STRUCTURE 

ST: I, you, we, they, plural name+verb+com.

E.g: We study in Edwards. ST: He, she, it, singular name+verb+(s) (es) +com.

E.g:  Ahmad goes to school every day
Neg: sub+H/verb+not+verb+obj+com.

E.g: she does not sing a song. Int: Helping Verb+sub+verb+obj+com? E.g: Does she go to Afghanistan?

Neg +Int: Helping v+sub+not+verb+obj+com+? E.g: Do they not go to Afghanistan today?

  (2)              PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

(1)It shows an action which happening right now or at the time of speaking in the present is called present continuous tense. (2) It shows an action which occurring the moment of speaking but the action his not completed yet.

H.v: Is, am, are, are singular noun      M.v: present ing verb                                     
                                   STRUCTRE

AFF: Sub+helping v+1st v+ing v+obj+com. E.g.: Jan is going to school.

Neg: Sub+helping v+not+1st v+ing v+obj+com. E.g.: Ali is not going to school.

Int: Helping v+sub+1st v+ing v+obj+com+? E.g.: Is shazia going to school? Neg+Int: helping v+sub+not+1st v+ing v+obj+com+? E.g.: Is she not cooking rice?

  (3)                   SIMPLE PAST TENSE

It shows an action which is happened in the past ended in the past completed in the past is called simple past tense.

      H.v: did.
      M.v: past participle form of the verb.
               
                                           STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+did+2nd v+ obj+com. E.g.: I did my work in Afghanistan.

Neg: sub+did+not+2nd v+obj+com. E.g.: they did not go to Afghanistan.

Int: Did+sub+2nd v+obj+com+? E.g.: Did they go to Afghanistan on January?

Neg+Int: Did+sub+not+2nd v+obj+com+? E.g.: Did they not go to Afghanistan?

      (4)                PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

It express an action which was in progress in past is called past continuous tense.

                                     STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+was/were +ing v+obj+com. E.g.: She was playing game at home.

Neg: Sub+was/were+not+ing v+obj+com. E.g.: They were not playing game at home.

Int: Was/were+sub+ing v+obj+com+? E.g.: Was he playing game at home?

Neg+Int: was/were+sub+not+ing v+obj+com+? E.g.: Were they playing game at home?

(5) SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE It is expresses an action which is planed or intended to be done in future is called simple future tense.

H.v: will/shall. M.v: 1st form of the verb.

                                        STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+will/shall+1st v+obj+com. E.g.: She will go to home.

Neg: Sub+will/shall+not+1st v+obj+com. E.g.: She will not come to school.

Int: Will/shall+sub+1st v+obj+com+? E.g.: Will you go to park?

Neg+Int: will/shall+sub+not+1st v+obj+com+? E.g.: Will Ali not go to school?

               (6)        FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

It shows an activity that will be continuous in future is called future continuous tense.

H.v: Shall /will be. M.v: present participle form of the verb.

                                STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+will be +ing v+obj+com. E.g.: She will be watching movie with me.

Neg: Sub+will+not+be+ing v +obj+com. E.g.: I will not be getting late from class. Int: Will+sub+be+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Will he be writing a letter by the time you come? Neg +Int: will+sub+not+be+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Will she not be calling khan in the class?

           7)             PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

It shows actions which happened or did not happened at unspecific time before now or near past.

H.v: Has/have.

M.v: past participle form of verb/3rd form verb.

                                    STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+has/have+3rd v+obj+com. E.g: They have gone to India.

Neg: Sub+has/have+not+3rd v+obj+com. E.g: She has not gone to India.

Int: Has/have+sub+3rd v+obj+com+?

E.g: Have they won the match in India?

Neg+Int: has/have+sub+not+3rd v+obj+com+? E.g: Have played game here?

        CASES OF PRESENT PERFICT TENSE

1) It is used to talk about completed action in near past. 2) It is used to talk about repeated action happened in past. E.g: She has broken her leg many times. 3) It is used to talk about immediate action happened before now with the use of just and recently. E.g: We have just talk about tense. 4) It is used to talk about an action happened in past but has effect in present.

E.g: I have broken my leg.

5) It is used to explain the duration of an action with the help of since and for. Since: It is used with a specific time. E.g: They have played game since 2:00 PM. For: It is used to show the length of time.

E.g: She has cooked rice for two hours.

8) PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE It is expresses an action started in the past continue to present and may or may not go to future is called present perfect continuous tense.

H.v: Has/have been. M.v: present participle form of the verb/3rd form of the verb.

                                 STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+has/have been+ing v+obj+com.

E.g: We have been learning English since 2009.

Neg: Sub+has/have+not+been+ing v+obj+com. E.g: She has not been working here for ten years.

Int: Has/have+sub+ been+ing v+obj+com+?

E.g: Have you been playing game since 1999?

Neg+Int: has/have+sub+not+been+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Has she loving Shan since 1990?

 9)       PAST PERFECT TENSE

It is expresses an activity that was completed before a particular time in the past is called past perfect tense.

H.v: Had. M.v: past participle form of the verb/3rd form of the verb.

              STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+had+3rd v+obj+com. E.g: She had cooked rice for me.

Neg: Sub+had+not+3rd v+obj+com. E.g: We had not finished our class early.

Int: Had+sub+3rd v+obj+com+? E.g: Had they planed to gone Afghanistan? Neg+Int: had+sub+not+3rdv+obcom+? E.g: Had she not cooked rice with khan?

10) PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE It is used to emphasize over the duration of an activity progressed before a particular time in past is called past perfect continuous tense.

H.v: Had been.

M.v: Present participle /ing form of the verb.

STRUCTURE
AFF: Sub+had been+ing v+obj+com.

E.g: We had been playing game here.

Neg: Sub+had+not+been+ing v+obj+com. E.g: She had not been washing dishes in the park.

Int: Had+sub+been+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Had I been going to Islamabad before your marred party?

Neg+Int: had+sub+not+been+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Had they not been playing game in India?

 11)  FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

It expresses an activity which will be completed time before a particular time in future is called future perfect tense.

H.v: Will have. M.v: past participle /3rd form of verb.

                                STRUCTURE

AFF: Sub+will have+3rd v+obj+com. E.g: You will have gone to Afghanistan.

Neg: Sub+will+not+have+3rdv+obj+com. E.g: She will not have played game next year. Int: will+sub+have+3rd v+obj+com+? E.g: Will he have eaten rice? Neg+Int: will sub+not+have+3rd v+obj+com+? E.g: Will you not have gone to Kabul

12) FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE It is used to emphasize over the duration of future action, continued to unexpected time is called future perfect continuous tense.

H.v: Will have been. M.v: Present participle form/ing verb.

                               STRUCTUR

AFF: Sub+will have been+ing v+obj+com. E.g: Ali will have been working at home.

Neg: Sub+will+not+have been+ing v+obj+com. E.g: Shazia will not have been cooking rice for me.

Int: Will+sub+have been+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Will you going to Islamabad with your father?

Neg+Int: will+sub+not+have been+ing v+obj+com+? E.g: Will zakir not playing game at home?

             Only Allah is almighty and Allah is the king of every things.

''Italic textBold text

References

[1] ttp://books.google.com/books?id=CJXnRQAACAAJ&dq=english%20grammar%20in%20use&source=gbs_book_other_versions

[2] ttp://books.google.com/books?id=MHQPTwEACAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:ISBN 0-521-43681-8&lr=

[3] ttp://www.eurobooks.sk/sk/produkt/119065/English-Grammar-in-Use-4-vydanie-plus-CD-ROM/

[4] ttp://cambridge.org/au/elt/catalogue/subject/project/item404854/English-Grammar-in-Use/?site_locale=en_AU

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