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;Fuel economy
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[[File:Ford Fusion Energi badge WAS 2012 0572.jpg|thumb|left|Ford's leaf road logo badge used for the Fusion Energi.]]
[[File:Ford Fusion Energi badge WAS 2012 0572.jpg|thumb|left|Ford's leaf road logo badge used for the Fusion Energi.]]
EPA rated the Energi's combined city/highway [[fuel economy in automobiles|fuel economy]] in [[all-electric mode]] at 100 [[miles per gallon gasoline equivalent]] (MPG-e) (2.4 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km).<ref name=EPAratings>{{cite news|url=http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/31/ford-fusion-energi-mpge-hits-triple-digits-e-p-a-says/?ref=automobiles|title=Ford Fusion Energi MPGe Hits Triple Digits, E.P.A. Says|author=Jerry Garrett|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2012-12-31|accessdate=2013-01-17}} ''Click on the icon "Midsize cars" and "Compacts and subcompacts"''</ref> The Fusion Energi combined fuel economy equivalent is the same as the 2013 [[Ford C-Max Energi]]; 2 MPG-e better than the 2013 [[Chevrolet Volt]]; and 5 MPG-e equivalent more than the 2013 model year Toyota Prius plug-in.<ref name=2013PHEVS>{{cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/phevsbs.shtml|title=New Plug-in Hybrids|publisher=Fueleconomy.gov|author=[[U. S. Environmental Protection Agency]] and [[U.S. Department of Energy]]|date=2013-01-17 (last updated)|accessdate=2013-01-17}}</ref> The Fusion Energy rating for city driving is 108 MPG-e (2.2 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km) and 92 MPG-e (2.6 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km; 110 mpg-imp) on highways.<ref name=EPAratings/>
EPA rated the Energi's combined city/highway [[fuel economy in automobiles|fuel economy]] in [[all-electric mode]] at 100 [[miles per gallon gasoline equivalent]] (MPG-e) (2.4 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km).<ref name=EPAratings>{{cite news|url=http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/31/ford-fusion-energi-mpge-hits-triple-digits-e-p-a-says/?ref=automobiles|title=Ford Fusion Energi MPGe Hits Triple Digits, E.P.A. Says|author=Jerry Garrett|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2012-12-31|accessdate=2013-01-17}} ''Click on the icon "Midsize cars" and "Compacts and subcompacts"''</ref> The Fusion Energi combined fuel economy equivalent is the same as the 2013 [[Ford C-Max Energi]]; 2 MPG-e better than the 2013 [[Chevrolet Volt]]; and 5 MPG-e equivalent more than the 2013 model year Toyota Prius plug-in.<ref name=2013PHEVS>{{cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/phevsbs.shtml|title=New Plug-in Hybrids|publisher=Fueleconomy.gov|author=[[U. S. Environmental Protection Agency]] and [[U.S. Department of Energy]]|date=2013-01-17 (last updated)|accessdate=2013-01-17}}</ref> The Fusion Energi rating for city driving is 108 MPG-e (2.2 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km) and 92 MPG-e (2.6 L gasoline equivalent/100&nbsp;km; 110 mpg-imp) on highways.<ref name=EPAratings/>


In [[charge-sustaining|hybrid]] operation, the Energi has an EPA combined fuel economy of {{convert|43|mpgUS|abbr=on}}, {{convert|44|mpgUS|abbr=on}} in city driving, and {{convert|41|mpgUS|abbr=on}} in highway driving.<ref name=2013PHEVS/> The combined rating is 4 mpg below the 2013 Fusion hybrid combined EPA rating.<ref name=DFP1112>{{cite news|url=http://www.freep.com/article/20121114/BUSINESS0102/121114059/Ford-readies-Fusion-Energi-plug-hybrid-debut-2013?odyssey=nav%7Chead|title=Ford readies Fusion Energi plug-in hybrid for debut in 2013 |author=Mark Phelan|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=2012-11-14|accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> The overall combined gasoline-electricity fuel economy rating for the 2013 model year Fusion Energy is {{Convert|58|mpgus|abbr=on}} equivalent, the same rating as the Prius PHV and the Ford Fusion Energi, making all three PHEVs the most fuel efficient cars in [[Midsize car#United States|EPA's midsize class]].<ref name=EPAMost>{{cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/best-worst.shtml|title=2013 Most Fuel Efficient Cars by EPA Size Class (including electric vehicles)|publisher=fueleconomy.gov|author=[[U.S. Department of Energy]] and [[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]|year=2013|accessdate=2013-03-03}}</ref>
In [[charge-sustaining|hybrid]] operation, the Energi has an EPA combined fuel economy of {{convert|43|mpgUS|abbr=on}}, {{convert|44|mpgUS|abbr=on}} in city driving, and {{convert|41|mpgUS|abbr=on}} in highway driving.<ref name=2013PHEVS/> The combined rating is 4 mpg below the 2013 Fusion hybrid combined EPA rating.<ref name=DFP1112>{{cite news|url=http://www.freep.com/article/20121114/BUSINESS0102/121114059/Ford-readies-Fusion-Energi-plug-hybrid-debut-2013?odyssey=nav%7Chead|title=Ford readies Fusion Energi plug-in hybrid for debut in 2013 |author=Mark Phelan|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=2012-11-14|accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> The overall combined gasoline-electricity fuel economy rating for the 2013 model year Fusion Energy is {{Convert|58|mpgus|abbr=on}} equivalent, the same rating as the Prius PHV and the Ford Fusion Energi, making all three PHEVs the most fuel efficient cars in [[Midsize car#United States|EPA's midsize class]].<ref name=EPAMost>{{cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/best-worst.shtml|title=2013 Most Fuel Efficient Cars by EPA Size Class (including electric vehicles)|publisher=fueleconomy.gov|author=[[U.S. Department of Energy]] and [[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]|year=2013|accessdate=2013-03-03}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:26, 17 July 2013

Ford Fusion Hybrid
Overview
ManufacturerFord Motor Company
Production2009–present
Model years2010–present
AssemblyHermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size
Body style4-door sedan
LayoutFF layout

The Ford Fusion Hybrid is a gasoline-electric hybrid powered version of the mid-size Ford Fusion sedan developed by the Ford Motor Company, and launched to the U.S. market in March 2009 as a 2010 model year, together with its twin the Mercury Milan Hybrid.[1] The second generation Ford Fusion Hybrid, released as a 2013 model year, went on sale in the U.S. in October 2012.[2] A plug-in hybrid version, the Ford Fusion Energi, was released in the U.S. in February 2013.[3][4]

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rated the 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid at 39 mpg‑US (6.0 L/100 km; 47 mpg‑imp) combined city/highway. The second generation hybrid improved the fuel economy rating to 47 mpg‑US (5.0 L/100 km; 56 mpg‑imp), with the same rating for combined city/highway cycles.[5]The EPA rated the Energi's combined city/highway fuel economy in all-electric mode at 100 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (2.4 L gasoline equivalent/100 km).[6] In hybrid operation (charge-sustaining mode), the Energi has a combined fuel economy of 43 mpg‑US (5.5 L/100 km; 52 mpg‑imp).[7]

The Fusion Hybrid has won several awards, among them the 2010 model year Fusion Hybrid won the 2010 North American Car of the Year Award,[8] and the entire 2013 Ford Fusion line-up, including the Fusion hybrid and plug-in variants, won the 2013 Green Car of the Year.[9]

First generation

First generation
Overview
Production2009–2012
Model years2010–2012
Body and chassis
PlatformFord CD3 platform
RelatedMercury Milan Hybrid
Lincoln MKZ Hybrid
Ford Fusion
Powertrain
EngineGasoline:
I4 2.5 L /156 hp (116 kW) Atkinson cycle
Electric:
Permanent Magnet AC Synchronous Motor
106 hp (79 kW) @ 6,500 rpm, 275 volts
TransmissionAisin power split device
Dimensions
Wheelbase107.4 in (2,728 mm)
Length190.6 in (4,841 mm)
Width72.2 in (1,834 mm)
Height56.9 in (1,445 mm)
Curb weight3,720 lb (1,690 kg)

History and development

The hybrid electric version of the Fusion was announced at the 2005 North American International Auto Show, along with the public introduction of the original 2006 Fusion. At that time Ford announced that the hybrid version was scheduled to be introduced in early 2009 for the 2010 model year, for a suggested retail price of US$27,270.[10][11] The new Fusion Hybrid and Fusion Sport officially debuted at the Greater Los Angeles Auto Show in November 2008.[12]

The Fusion Hybrid is manufactured at Ford's Hermosillo Stamping & Assembly plant, located in Sonora, Mexico.[13] Ford set a modest sales target of about 25,000 vehicles a year for the Fusion Hybrid and the similar Mercury Milan.[14]

The Milan and Fusion hybrids share the same powertrain but feature different front and rear fascia designs, and distinct headlamps and taillights.

The Fusion Hybrid was made available for press testing in December 2008 and launched to the U.S market in March 2009. During the same month two other new hybrid models also came on sale, the Honda Insight and the Mercury Milan.[1] During the few days that were available to the public, Ford's new Fusion and Milan hybrids sold a combined 451 units, representing 3.0% of all Fusion and Milan models sold in March 2009.[1]

The Fusion is the first new hybrid vehicle the Ford brand offered in five years, and is the second hybrid vehicle after the Ford Escape Hybrid. The Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan hybrids join the Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid for Mexican-built hybrid vehicles.[citation needed]

The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid, launched in the U.S. market in September 2010, shares the hybrid powertrain from the Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan hybrids, and delivers an estimated fuel economy of 41 mpg‑US (5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg‑imp). The MKZ Hybrid offers several improvements of Ford's Smart Gauge with EcoGuide, first introduced in the 2010 Fusion Hybrid.[15][16]

Design and technology

The Fusion Hybrid is a "full" hybrid because both propulsion sources, an electric motor powered by a Sanyo supplied[17] 275 V nickel-metal hydride battery, and a 2.5L Atkinson cycle I4 156 hp 136 ft.lbs.[citation needed] gasoline engine with late intake valve closing (iVCT), have substantial power ratings and either can be used alone to propel the vehicle.[13][18] When braking or decelerating, the Fusion's hybrid system uses regenerative braking, where the electric drive motor becomes a generator, converting the vehicle's momentum back to electricity for storage in the batteries. Ford claims that nearly 94 percent energy recovery is achieved by first delivering full regenerative braking followed by friction brakes during city driving.[13] Under ideal conditions, Ford claims the Fusion Hybrid can cruise 2 miles (3.2 km) at up to 47 miles per hour (76 km/h) on battery power alone.[19]

Safety

The Ford Fusion line-up was included in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety 2010 "Top Safety Pick's" rating for the mid-size category.[20][21] As of June 2010, Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan hybrids are the only two mid-size hybrid vehicles in the list.[22] Due to the fact that Ford recently modified and strengthened the roof structure of the Flex, Fusion, and MKT vehicles, these 2010 ratings apply only to Lincoln MKZs, Mercury Milan and Fusions built after April 2010.[20]

Fuel economy and environmental performance

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has rated the fuel economy for the 2010 Fusion Hybrid at 41 miles per US gallon (5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg‑imp) city, 36 miles per US gallon (6.5 L/100 km; 43 mpg‑imp) highway.[23] The following table compares fuel economy, carbon footprint, and petroleum consumption between the hybrid version and other drivetrains of the Fusion family as estimated by the EPA and the U.S. Department of Energy:

Economic and environmental performance comparison among
the several Fusion powertrains available in the U.S. market
Type of
Powertrain		 Type of
fuel		 Year
model		 EPA
City
mileage
(mpg)		 EPA
Highway
mileage
(mpg)		 Annual
fuel
cost (1) (2)
(USD)		 Carbon
footprint
(Ton/yr
of CO2) (3)		 Annual
Petroleum
Use
(barrel)
Hybrid electric FWD
Automatic (variable gear ratios), 4 cyl, 2.5L[24]		 Gasoline 2011 41 36 $1,083 4.8 8.8
FWD Automatic 6-spd, 4 cyl, 2.5L[25] Gasoline 2011 23 33 $1,629 7.2 13.2
FWD Automatic (S6), 6 cyl, 3.0L[26] Gasoline 2011 20 28 $1,840 8.1 14.9
E85 flex-fuel 2011 14 21 $2,269 6.6 5.0
FWD Automatic (S6), 6 cyl, 3.5L[27] Gasoline 2011 18 27 $2,013 8.9 16.3
AWD Automatic (S6), 6 cyl, 3.0L[28] Gasoline 2011 18 26 $2,115 9.3 17.1
E85 flex-fuel 2011 13 19 $2,421 7.1 5.3
Notes: (1) Estimates assumes 45% highway driving, 55% city driving, and 15,000 annual miles. (2) Average U.S. prices: $2.82/gallon for
gasoline, and $2.42/gallon for E85 fuel. E85 prices vary widely by region. As of early November 2010 the minimum price was $2.02/gallon in
Illinois and the maximum price was $2.99/gallon in New York.[29] (3) Direct carbon footprint only and does not account for any potential
indirect land use change impacts of biofuels.

The Ford Fusion Hybrid EPA's fuel economy rating is better than the 2011 Toyota Camry Hybrid (32 miles per gallon city, 33 highway), the Nissan Altima Hybrid (35 miles per gallon city, 33 highway), and the Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid (26 miles per gallon city, 34 highway), considered its main competitors in the mid-size sedan segment. The newer 2012 Toyota Camry Hybrid LE model (43 miles per gallon city, 39 highway) now has an advantage over the 2012 Ford Fusion (41 miles per gallon city, 39 highway) by a slight margin in the city.

Economic and environmental performance comparison
among the Fusion Hybrid and same class hybrid models available in the U.S.[30][31]
Vehicle Year
model		 EPA
City
mileage
(mpg)		 EPA
Highway
mileage
(mpg)		 Annual
fuel
cost (1)
(USD)		 Tailpipe
emissions
(grams per
mile CO2)		 EPA
Air Pollution
Score
Cal/Other(2)		 Annual
Petroleum
Use
(barrel)
Toyota Prius (3rd gen) 2010/11/12 51 48 $1,150 178 9/7 6.6
Honda Civic Hybrid 2012 44 44 $1,300 202 9/8 7.5
Toyota Prius v 2012 44 40 $1,350 212 8/7 7.8
Lexus CT 200h 2011/12 43 40 $1,350 212 8/7 7.8
Honda Insight (2nd gen) 2012 41 41 $1,350 212 9/7 7.8
Honda Civic Hybrid 2010 40 45 $1,350 212 9/8 7.8
Honda Civic Hybrid 2011 40 43 $1,400 217 9/8 8.0
Honda Insight (2nd gen) 2010/11 40 43 $1,400 217 9/8 8.0
Toyota Camry Hybrid LE (XV50) 2012 43 39 $1,400 217 9/7 8.0
Toyota Camry Hybrid XLE (XV50) 2012 40 38 $1,400 222 9/7 8.2
Ford Fusion Hybrid
Mercury Milan Hybrid
Lincoln MKZ Hybrid		 2010/11/12
2010/11
2011/12		 41 36 $1,450 228 9/7 8.4
Hyundai Sonata Hybrid
Kia Optima Hybrid		 2011/12 35 40 $1,550 240 8/8 8.9
Nissan Altima Hybrid 2010 35 33 $1,650 261 9 9.7
Toyota Camry Hybrid 2010 33 34 $1,650 261 9/7 9.7
Nissan Altima Hybrid 2011 33 33 $1,700 269 9 10.0
Toyota Camry Hybrid 2011 31 35 $1,700 269 9/7 10.0
Notes:
(1) Estimates assumes 15,000 miles (24,000 km) per year (45% highway, 55% city split) using average fuel price $3.79/gallon (national average as of March 2012).[32]
(2) Cal: California and Northeastern States; Other: All states except California and Northeastern States. The Nissan Altima Hybrid was available only in California.
Source: U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency[30][31]

In 2009, Edmunds tested a Fusion Hybrid over two days of mixed city and highway driving against other hybrids or fuel efficient cars like the Toyota Prius, the Honda Insight, the Volkswagen Jetta TDI automatic and the MINI Cooper with manual transmission.[33] The results are summarized in the following table:

Edmunds comparison of the Fusion Hybrid
with several hybrids and fuel efficient cars[33]
(mpg)
Vehicle Back roads City loop Highway Overall EPA
City/Hwy
2010 Toyota Prius 47.2 48.7 47.4 47.6 51/48
2010 Honda Insight 44.1 43.4 38.6 42.3 40/43
2009 Volkswagen Jetta TDI A6 41.2 31.6 40.6 38.1 29/40
2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid 39.6 35.1 36.0 37.3 41/36
2009 MINI Cooper M6 38.5 30.1 33.3 34.5 28/37

Motor Trend found that their Fusion Hybrid delivered only 33.5 miles per US gallon (7.0 L/100 km; 40.2 mpg‑imp)* in 500 miles (800 km) of mixed driving, 5 mpg off the EPA combined rating. Over another 160 miles (260 km) of testing against a Toyota Camry Hybrid, the same car only achieved 31.8 miles per US gallon (7.4 L/100 km; 38.2 mpg‑imp)*, while the Camry Hybrid delivered 32.7 miles per US gallon (7.2 L/100 km; 39.3 mpg‑imp)*. "If our early numbers hold up, the Fusion Hybrid would be a rare instance of the EPA relapsing into the world of mileage make-believe." However, they noted that when driven very conservatively, the EPA numbers could be achieved. "In typical driving, you might as well throw the Fusion's EPA numbers out the window. But if you decide to really work at it, they're possible."[34] Car and Driver also tested a Fusion Hybrid and achieved no more than 34 miles per US gallon (6.9 L/100 km; 41 mpg‑imp)* over 300 miles (480 km) of driving, which was greater than the Camry Hybrid (31 miles per US gallon (7.6 L/100 km; 37 mpg‑imp)) or Nissan Altima Hybrid (32 miles per US gallon (7.4 L/100 km; 38 mpg‑imp)) though not by the margin indicated by the EPA ratings.[35]

The 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid promotional vehicle involved in the 1000 Mile Challenge

According to Ford, the vehicle was built to have a fuel efficiency of 41 mpg in the city and 36 mpg on the highway by EPA standards.[36] On December 2008, Autoblog Green staff reported they had obtained in-city mileage of 43.1 mpg on the streets of Los Angeles.[37] In addition, a Los Angeles Times reporter informed in December 2008 that he had obtained 52 mpg in mixed city-highway driving with little difficulty.[38]

On a single-tank publicity stunt conducted on April 2009, a Fusion Hybrid managed 81.5 miles per US gallon (2.89 L/100 km; 97.9 mpg‑imp) on a 1,445.7 mile trip.[39][40]

Edmunds' InsideLine received a 2010 Fusion Hybrid as a long-term test car. Over 11,000 miles (18,000 km) of driving, their vehicle had only averaged 31.3 mpg‑US (7.5 L/100 km; 37.6 mpg‑imp), with a best tank of 37.7 mpg‑US (6.24 L/100 km; 45.3 mpg‑imp) and a worst tank of 24.4 mpg‑US (9.6 L/100 km; 29.3 mpg‑imp).[41]

Payback time

According to Edmunds.com, the price premium paid for the Fusion Hybrid takes 5 years to recover in fuel savings as compared to its non-hybrid sibling, and is one of the quickest payback periods among top selling hybrids as of February 2012. Edmunds compared the hybrid version priced at US$27,678 with a comparably-equipped gasoline-powered Fusion priced at US$24,493 and found that the payback period is 6 years for gasoline at US$3 per gallon, 4 years at US$4 per gallon, and drops to 3 years with gasoline prices at US$5 per gallon. These estimates assume an average of 15,000 mi (24,000 km) annual driving and vehicle prices correspond to Edmunds.com's true market value estimates.[42] For the same two vehicles, the U.S. EPA estimates the Fusion Hybrid annual fuel cost at US$1,431 while the gasoline-powered Fusion has an annual fuel cost of US$22,320. EPA estimates are based on 45% highway and 55% city driving, over 15,000 annual miles, and gasoline price of US$3.72 per gallon, the national average as of February 2012.[43] The Lincoln MKZ Hybrid has no price premium.[42]

SmartGauge for eco driving

Digital panels to keep track of eco driving style (top) and current drive propulsion (bottom).

The Fusion Hybrid comes with a SmartGauge with EcoGuide which features two 4.3-inch high-resolution, full-color LCD screens on either side of the vehicle’s analog speedometer. The objective of these panel display is to coach drivers on how to optimize the performance of their hybrid by keeping track of their eco driving improvements.[44][45][46]

These screens can be configured to show different levels of driver information, including fuel and battery power levels, and average and instant fuel economy. When set in tutorial mode, the instrument panel in the right side “grows” leaves and vines on-screen to reward fuel-efficient driving. The more leaves and vines that appear, the more efficient the driving behavior is and the more fuel is being saved. Long-term fuel efficiency can be also be displayed as a traditional chart. The left side display shows when the car is in pure-electric mode, and shows the state of battery charge.[44][45][46]

The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid, launched in September 2010, offers an improvement of Ford's SmartGauge with EcoGuide introduced with the 2010 Fusion and Milan hybrids.[15][16]

Tax credit

The Fusion Hybrid qualified for a maximum hybrid tax credit of US$3,400 if purchased by March 31, 2009. The credit dropped to US$ 1,700 if purchased by September 30, 2009, to US$850 if purchased from October 2009 and March 31, 2010, and phased out on April 1, 2010.[47]

Other markets

The Brazilian version of the Fusion Hybrid was unveiled at the 2010 São Paulo International Auto Show. Sales began in November 2010 at a price of R$133.900 (~US$78.500). The Fusion Hybrid was the first full hybrid car sold in Brazil.[48] Imported from Mexico, the Fusion Hybrid engine performance and fuel system durability was tested with the Brazilian mandatory E20 to E25 ethanol blends.[49]

Second generation

Second generation
Overview
Production2012–
Model years2013–
Body and chassis
PlatformFord EU4 platform
RelatedFord Mondeo
Lincoln MKZ
Powertrain
Engine2.0L I4
TransmissionCVT, Ford HF35 (hybrid and PHEV)
Dimensions
Wheelbase112.2 in (2,850 mm)
Length191.7 in (4,869 mm)
Width72.9 in (1,852 mm)
Height58.1 in (1,476 mm)

A complete redesign of the Ford Fusion lineup for the model year 2013 was unveiled at the 2012 North American International Auto Show. The new lineup includes three optional engines for the conventional four-cylinder-only gasoline model, a next-generation hybrid version, and a plug-in hybrid version, the Ford Fusion Energi. The Ford Fusion became the first production sedan to offer these three powertrain options.[50] In April 2012 Ford announced that an auto start-stop system will be available for the 1.6-liter EcoBoost engine non-hybrid version, at a price of US$295. The expected fuel economy is a combined 37 mpg‑US (6.4 L/100 km; 44 mpg‑imp).[51] Sales of the gasoline-powered and hybrid version began in the U.S. in October 2012.[2] Sales in Europe and Asia, under the Ford Mondeo name, are expected to begin in 2013.[52][53]

The nickel-metal hydride batteries used in the hybrid first generation are replaced with lithium-ion batteries.[53] The 2013 model year Fusion Hybrid is more fuel efficient than its predecessor, with a US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rating of 47 mpg‑US (5.0 L/100 km; 56 mpg‑imp) with the same rating for combined/city/highway cycles. This rating is also the same Ford achieved for the 2013 Ford C-Max Hybrid, as both hybrids share the same engine and drivetrain. These ratings allowed the 2013 Fusion Hybrid to outperform the 2012 Toyota Camry Hybrid LE by 4 mpg-US city and 8 mpg-US highway, and to become the most efficient midsize hybrid sedan in the U.S. as of September 2012.[54]

2013 Ford Fusion Hybrid rear view

The second generation hybrid has a powertrain with a 2.0-liter Atkinson-cycle inline-four – downsized from the 2.5-liter unit used in the current Fusion Hybrid. Total output is estimated at 185 hp (138 kW) and 130 ft⋅lb (180 N⋅m), running to the front wheels via an electronically controlled continuously variable transmission.[55] The lithium-ion battery pack saves weight and generates more power than previous NiMH batteries, and allows the second generation Fusion Hybrid to raise its maximum speed under electric-only power from 47 to 62 mph (76 to 100 km/h).[52]

The 2013 Fusion Hybrid includes driver assistance and technologies based on sensors, cameras and radar that enable the car to see and respond. Fusion can help drivers maintain proper lane position (Lane Keeping System); adjust vehicle speed to changing traffic conditions through adaptive cruise control; active park assist to help identify suitable parking spaces and help park; and Blind Spot Information System (BLIS) with cross-traffic alert, which consists of sensors in both rear quarter-panels that are able to detect traffic in a driver’s blind spot, providing both audible and visual warnings if traffic unseen by the driver is detected. BLIS technology enables cross-traffic alert, even aiding drivers backing out of parking space where visibility is obstructed.[52][56]

During the 2012 North American International Auto Show Ford also unveiled the Lincoln MKZ concept model.[57] Ford will also offer a hybrid option of the redesigned 2013 Lincoln MKZ, expected to be available by late 2012, and like the previous MKZ generation, the MKZ Hybrid will be available for the same price as the non-hybrid model.[58][59]

The 2013 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid was unveiled at the 2012 New York International Auto Show

The EPA rated the 2013 MKZ Hybrid at 45 mpg‑US (5.2 L/100 km; 54 mpg‑imp) with the same rating for combined/city/highway cycles.[6] These ratings allowed the 2013 MKZ Hybrid to become the most fuel efficient luxury vehicle in the U.S. and to improve the fuel economy of the Lexus ES 300h hybrid by 5 mpg-US on the combined cycle. Despite sharing the same powertrain, the 2013 MKZ Hybrid rated 2 mpg-US combined less than its sibling the second generation Ford Fusion Hybrid.[58]

Controversy over fuel economy ratings

In December 2012, Motor Trend reported that Consumer Reports and Green Car Reports have found that the 2013 Ford C-Max Hybrid and 2013 Ford Fusion Hybrid, which share the same powertrain, do not deliver their triple 47 mpg‑US (5.0 L/100 km; 56 mpg‑imp) EPA ratings in real-world use.[60][61][62] After running both vehicles through Consumer Reports real-world tests, the magazine found that 2013 Fusion hybrid achieved a combined fuel economy average of 39 mpg‑US (6.0 L/100 km; 47 mpg‑imp), with35 mpg‑US (6.7 L/100 km; 42 mpg‑imp) and 41 mpg‑US (5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg‑imp) for city and highway.[61] Consumer Reports concluded that the overall fuel economy for the Fusion Hybrid is off by 8 mpg, representing a deviation of about 20%. The consumer magazine said that their overall fuel economy results are usually close to the EPA's combined-mpg estimate, and among current models tested, more than 80% fall within 2 mpg margin. The largest discrepancy the magazine has previously found was 7 and 6 mpg for the Toyota Prius C and the Prius hatchback, respectively.[61][63]

A few days later the Environmental Protection Agency said it will review claims that two new Ford hybrid vehicles are not delivering the advertised 47 mpg. Linc Wehrly, Director of Light-duty Vehicle Center Compliance Division at EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan commented that hybrids have far more variability in miles per gallon than a conventional vehicle. Most vehicles' real-world gasoline mileage is less than the EPA sticker number, and can often be 20% less than the sticker number depending on speed, temperature and other factors. The EPA explained that with hybrids the gap is much wider, as high as a 30% drop.[64] Ford responded in a statement, saying that, "Early C-MAX Hybrid and Fusion Hybrid customers praise the vehicles and report a range of fuel economy figures, including some reports above 47 mpg. This reinforces the fact that driving styles, driving conditions, and other factors can cause mileage to vary."[63][64] A Ford spokesman also said they followed EPA's test guidelines and the company is standing by the ratings as determined by the current testing protocols. Nevertheless, they are working closely with the agency to determine if any changes are needed for the industry relative to hybrid vehicle testing.[65][66]

Ford Fusion Energi

Ford Fusion Energi
Overview
ManufacturerFord Motor Company
Production2013
Model years2013
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size
Body style4-door sedan
Powertrain
Electric range21 mi (34 km)

The Fusion Energi is a plug-in hybrid unveiled at the 2012 North American International Auto Show,[53] and retail sales in the U.S. began in February 2013.[3][4] Pricing starts at US$39,495 and due to the capacity of its battery pack, the Energi qualifies for a federal tax credit up to US$3,750 and any applicable state and local incentives.[67] The 2013 Fusion Energi is eligible for access to California’s high-occupancy vehicle lanes (HOV) with a solo driver, and also for a US$1,500 California state tax rebate.[68] A total of 1,585 units have been sold through June 2013.[69]

Specs and range

The Fusion Energi uses the same non-turbo 2-liter 4-cylinder engine supplements as the 2013 Fusion Hybrid to assist the electric motor.[53] The plug-in hybrid delivers total horsepower of 195 (145 kW) with a fully charged battery and has an electric-only top speed of 85 mph (137 km/h), 23 mph (37 km/h) more than the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid. The 2013 model year Fusion Energi has an official EPA all-electric range of 21 mi (34 km) and the total range with a full tank of gasoline and a fully charged battery is 620 mi (1,000 km) according to the EPA.[70]

Fuel economy
File:Ford Fusion Energi badge WAS 2012 0572.jpg
Ford's leaf road logo badge used for the Fusion Energi.

EPA rated the Energi's combined city/highway fuel economy in all-electric mode at 100 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (2.4 L gasoline equivalent/100 km).[6] The Fusion Energi combined fuel economy equivalent is the same as the 2013 Ford C-Max Energi; 2 MPG-e better than the 2013 Chevrolet Volt; and 5 MPG-e equivalent more than the 2013 model year Toyota Prius plug-in.[7] The Fusion Energi rating for city driving is 108 MPG-e (2.2 L gasoline equivalent/100 km) and 92 MPG-e (2.6 L gasoline equivalent/100 km; 110 mpg-imp) on highways.[6]

In hybrid operation, the Energi has an EPA combined fuel economy of 43 mpg‑US (5.5 L/100 km; 52 mpg‑imp), 44 mpg‑US (5.3 L/100 km; 53 mpg‑imp) in city driving, and 41 mpg‑US (5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg‑imp) in highway driving.[7] The combined rating is 4 mpg below the 2013 Fusion hybrid combined EPA rating.[71] The overall combined gasoline-electricity fuel economy rating for the 2013 model year Fusion Energy is 58 mpg‑US (4.1 L/100 km; 70 mpg‑imp) equivalent, the same rating as the Prius PHV and the Ford Fusion Energi, making all three PHEVs the most fuel efficient cars in EPA's midsize class.[72]

Awards and recognitions

First generation
The 2013 Ford Fusion line-up, including the Fusion hybrid and plug-in variants, won the 2013 Green Car of the Year.
  • In December 2009, Car and Driver magazine listed the 2010 Fusion Hybrid among one of the "10 Best Cars". The magazine stated that the Fusion Hybrid was the most advanced of all the cars they tested.[76]
  • In December 2009, Automobile Magazine named the Fusion Hybrid one of the 2010 Automobile All-Stars.[77]
  • In January 2010, the Fusion Hybrid won the 2010 North American Car of the Year Award at the Detroit Auto Show.[8]
  • In February 2010, Consumer Reports included the Fusion Hybrid in the "American Top Picks 2010" leading the Green Car category.[78]
  • In April 2010, Kelley Blue Book again included the Ford Fusion Hybrid among its 2010 list of "Top 10 Green Cars".[79]
  • In March 2010, Mother Earth News included the 2010 Fusion Hybrid in its list of "Best Green Cars of 2010".[80]
  • In February 2011, Consumer Reports included the Fusion Hybrid in the "American Top Picks 2011" leading the Green Car category.[81]
Second generation

Sales

File:Ford leaf road logo.jpg
The Fusion Hybrid is identified by Ford's leaf road logo badge.

During 2009, the Fusion Hybrid sold in the U.S. market a total of 15,554 units and the Milan Hybrid 1,486 units, as reported by the manufacturers. Although the Fusion Hybrid helped Ford bypass Honda to become the second biggest seller of hybrids in the US market in the month of December 2009, for the whole year of 2009, Honda sold more hybrid vehicles (35,691 units) than Ford (33,520 units) and the 2010 Honda Insight also outsold the Fusion Hybrid, with 20,572 units.[82]

For the year 2010, U.S. sales of Ford Fusion Hybrid reached of 20,816 units, helping the model to become the third best selling hybrid in 2010 after the Toyota Prius and Honda Insight.[83] The Milan Hybrid sold 1,416 units in 2010 and its production was discontinued as part of Ford's decision to phase out the entire Mercury brand.[83][84] Purchases from the Obama administration accounted for almost a third of the Ford Fusion Hybrids produced between 2009 and late 2010.[85]

Ford reported that Fusion sales reached 151,004 units through July 2011, of which, 7,780 were the hybrid version, representing a 5.1% market share of all Fusion sales.[86][87] Considering cumulative sales of 7,996 units until August 2011, the Fusion Hybrid ranked as the fifth most sold hybrid model in 2011, and was outsold only by the Hyundai Sonata Hybrid, Honda CR-Z, Honda Insight, and Toyota Prius.[88] During year 2011, the Fusion Hybrid sold 11,286 units and the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid sold 5,739 units, ranking sixth and tenth correspondingly, in hybrid sales for calendar year 2011.[89]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ford Fusion Hybrid.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ford Fusion Energi.

References

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