Repeated sequence (DNA): Difference between revisions
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In the study of [[DNA sequence]]s, one can distinguish two main types of '''repeated sequence''': |
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Repeated sequences (aka. repetitive elements, or repeats) are patterns of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome. They can be compared to articles or pronouns (e.g. the word 'the' or 'she') in human language. The functions and descriptions of these sequences are currently being characterized by scientists. |
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==Types of Repeats== |
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There are 3 major categories of '''repeated sequence''' or '''repeats''': |
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*[[Tandem repeat]]s: copies which lie adjacent to each other, either directly or inverted |
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**[[Satellite DNA]] |
**[[Satellite DNA]] |
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**[[Minisatellite]] |
**[[Minisatellite]] |
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**[[Microsatellite (genetics)|Microsatellite]] |
**[[Microsatellite (genetics)|Microsatellite]] |
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*[[Interspersed repeat]]s |
*[[Interspersed repeat]]s (aka. interspersed nuclear elements) |
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**[[Transposable elements]] (aka. transposons, or [[retroelements]]) |
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**[[short interspersed nuclear element|SINEs]] ('''S'''hort '''I'''nterspersed '''N'''uclear '''E'''lements) |
**[[short interspersed nuclear element|SINEs]] ('''S'''hort '''I'''nterspersed '''N'''uclear '''E'''lements) |
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**[[long interspersed nuclear element|LINEs]] ('''L'''ong '''I'''nterspersed '''N'''uclear '''E'''lements) |
**[[long interspersed nuclear element|LINEs]] ('''L'''ong '''I'''nterspersed '''N'''uclear '''E'''lements) |
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**Palindromic repeat |
**Palindromic repeat |
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*Mirror and everted repeats |
*Mirror and everted repeats |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 20:12, 29 July 2013
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Repeated sequences (aka. repetitive elements, or repeats) are patterns of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome. They can be compared to articles or pronouns (e.g. the word 'the' or 'she') in human language. The functions and descriptions of these sequences are currently being characterized by scientists.
Types of Repeats
There are 3 major categories of repeated sequence or repeats:
- Terminal repeats
- Tandem repeats: copies which lie adjacent to each other, either directly or inverted
- Interspersed repeats (aka. interspersed nuclear elements)
- Transposable elements (aka. transposons, or retroelements)
- SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements)
- LINEs (Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements)
In primates, the majority of LINEs are LINE-1 and the majority of SINEs are Alu's.
In prokaryotes, CRISPR are arrays of alternating repeats and spacers.
Other types of repeats
Note: The following are covered in detail in "Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics".[1]
- Direct repeats
- Global direct repeat
- Local direct simple repeats
- Local direct repeats
- Local direct repeats with spacer
- Inverted repeats
- Global inverted repeat
- Local inverted repeat
- Inverted repeat with spacer
- Palindromic repeat
- Mirror and everted repeats
See also
References
- ^ Ussery, David W.; Wassenaar, Trudy; Borini, Stefano (2008-12-22). "Word Frequencies, Repeats, and Repeat-related Structures in Bacterial Genomes". Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics: Bioinformatics for Microbiologists. Computational Biology. Vol. 8 (1 ed.). Springer. pp. 133–144. ISBN 978-1-84800-254-8.
External links
- DNA+Repetitious+Region at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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