North Anatolian Fault: Difference between revisions
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{{see also|List of earthquakes in Turkey}} |
{{see also|List of earthquakes in Turkey}} |
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Since the disastrous [[1939 Erzincan earthquake]], there have been seven [[earthquake]]s measuring over 7.0 in [[Richter scale|magnitude]],<ref>USGS Worldwide Earthquake List. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/</ref> each happening at a point progressively further west.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb05321.x/ |
Since the disastrous [[1939 Erzincan earthquake]], there have been seven [[earthquake]]s measuring over 7.0 in [[Richter scale|magnitude]],<ref>USGS Worldwide Earthquake List. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/</ref> each happening at a point progressively further west.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb05321.x/abstract|first=R. S.|last=Stein|authorlink=Ross Stein|first2=A. A.|last2=Barka|authorlink2=Aykut Barka|first3=J. H.|last3=Dieterich|year=1997|journal=Geophysical Journal International|publisher=[[American Geophysical Union]]|volume=128|issue=3|pages=594–604}}</ref> [[Seismologist]]s studying this pattern believe that each earthquake may trigger the next.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2003/earthquakestorms.shtml | title = Earthquake Storms | work = [[Horizon (BBC TV series)|Horizon]] | date = 9pm April 1, 2003 | accessdate = 2007-05-02 }}</ref> By analyzing the stresses along the fault caused by each large earthquake, they were able to predict [[1999 İzmit earthquake|the shock]] that hit the town of [[İzmit]] with devastating effect in August 1999. It is thought that the chain is not complete, and that an earthquake will soon strike further west along the fault – perhaps near the heavily populated city of Istanbul. |
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[[File:Anatolian Plate.png|thumb|The North Anatolian and neighbouring faults covering most of Turkey|320px]] |
[[File:Anatolian Plate.png|thumb|The North Anatolian and neighbouring faults covering most of Turkey|320px]] |
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Revision as of 04:16, 8 August 2013
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2013) |
The North Anatolian Fault (NAF) (Template:Lang-tr) is an active right-lateral strike-slip fault in northern Anatolia which runs along the transform boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Anatolian Plate. The fault extends westward from a junction with the East Anatolian Fault at the Karliova Triple Junction in eastern Turkey, across northern Turkey and into the Aegean Sea. It runs about 20 km south of Istanbul. The North Anatolian Fault is similar in many ways to the San Andreas Fault in California. Both are continental transforms with similar lengths and slip rates. The Sea of Marmara near Istanbul is an extensional basin similar to the Salton Trough in California, where a releasing bend in the strike-slip system creates a pull apart basin.
Significant earthquakes
Since the disastrous 1939 Erzincan earthquake, there have been seven earthquakes measuring over 7.0 in magnitude,[1] each happening at a point progressively further west.[2] Seismologists studying this pattern believe that each earthquake may trigger the next.[3] By analyzing the stresses along the fault caused by each large earthquake, they were able to predict the shock that hit the town of İzmit with devastating effect in August 1999. It is thought that the chain is not complete, and that an earthquake will soon strike further west along the fault – perhaps near the heavily populated city of Istanbul.
| Event | Moment magnitude | Casualties |
|---|---|---|
| 1939 Erzincan | 7.9 | 32,962 dead |
| 1942 Niksar-Erbaa | 6.9 | |
| 1943 Tosya-Ladik | 7.7 | |
| 1944 Bolu-Gerede | 7.5 | |
| 1949 Karlıova | 7.1 | |
| 1951 Kurşunlu | 6.9 | 50 dead, 3,354 injured |
| 1957 Abant | 6.8 | |
| 1966 Varto | 6.9 | 2,394 dead, 1,489 injured |
| 1967 Mudurnu Valley | 7.1 | 86 dead, 332 injured |
| 1992 Erzincan | 6.5 | |
| 1999 İzmit | 7.4 | 17,480 dead and 43,959 injured |
| 1999 Düzce | 7.2 | 894 dead |
Notes
- ^ USGS Worldwide Earthquake List. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/
- ^ Stein, R. S.; Barka, A. A.; Dieterich, J. H. (1997). "Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering". Geophysical Journal International. 128 (3). American Geophysical Union: 594–604.
- ^ "Earthquake Storms". Horizon. 9pm April 1, 2003. Retrieved 2007-05-02.
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