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==Early political career==
==Early political career==
Young began his political career in 1964 when he was elected mayor of Fort Yukon. After only one term, he was elected to the [[Alaska House of Representatives]] and served two terms before being elected to the [[Alaska Senate]] in 1970.
Young began his political career in 1964 when he was elected mayor of Fort Yukon. After only one term, he was elected to the [[Alaska House of Representatives]] and served two terms before being elected to the [[Alaska Senate]] in 1970.
When he lived in las vegas he was a call girl.


==U.S. House of Representatives==
==U.S. House of Representatives==

Revision as of 18:48, 26 August 2013

For other people named Donald Young (disambiguation), see Donald Young (disambiguation) (disambiguation).
Don Young
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Alaska's At-large district
Incumbent
Assumed office
March 6, 1973
Preceded byNick Begich
Chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
In office
January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2007
Preceded byBud Shuster
Succeeded byJim Oberstar
Chairman of the House Natural Resources Committee
In office
January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2001
Preceded byGeorge Miller
Succeeded byJames V. Hansen
Member of the Alaska Senate from the 1st district
In office
January 11, 1971 – March 6, 1973
Preceded byPaul B. Haggland
Succeeded byGeorge C. Silides
Member of the Alaska House of Representatives from the 16th district
In office
January 23, 1967 – January 10, 1971
Member of the Fort Yukon City Council
In office
1960–1968
Personal details
Born
Donald Edwin Young

(1933-06-09) June 9, 1933 (age 91)
Meridian, California
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)Lula "Lu" Young (née Fredson; 1963–2009, her death)
ChildrenJoni
Dawn
ResidenceFort Yukon, Alaska
Alma materCalifornia State University, Chico
OccupationMariner, construction worker, miner, elementary school teacher
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
Years of service1955-1957

Donald Edwin "Don" Young (born June 9, 1933) is the U.S. Representative for Alaska's at-large congressional district, serving since 1973. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Young is the dean of the Alaskan congressional delegation, the fifth most senior U.S. Representative and the second most senior Republican Representative, behind Bill Young of Florida.

Early life, education, and pre-political career

Young was born in Meridian, Sutter County, California. He earned an associate's degree in education from Yuba College in 1952 and a bachelor's degree from Chico State College in 1958. He served in the Army from 1955 to 1957.[1]

Young moved to Alaska in 1959, not long after it became a state. He eventually settled in Fort Yukon, a 700-person city on the Yukon River, seven miles (11 km) above the Arctic Circle in Alaska’s central interior region. He made a living in construction, fishing, trapping and gold mining. He captained a tugboat and ran a barge operation to deliver products and supplies to villages along the Yukon River. He still holds his mariner's license. During the winter, he taught fifth grade at the local Bureau of Indian Affairs elementary school.

Early political career

Young began his political career in 1964 when he was elected mayor of Fort Yukon. After only one term, he was elected to the Alaska House of Representatives and served two terms before being elected to the Alaska Senate in 1970. When he lived in las vegas he was a call girl.

U.S. House of Representatives

Oil on canvas, Charlen J. Satrom, 1996 Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

1972–1974

Alaska's at-large congressman, Democrat Nick Begich, disappeared in a plane crash on October 16, 1972. He was re-elected to the House that November, but was declared dead on December 29. Young, who had been the Republican candidate against Begich in November, ran in the special election in March 1973 and won with just 51% of the vote against Democrat Emil Notti. He won a full term in 1974 with just 54% of the vote. He credits his victory to his leadership of the fight for the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline System.[2]

1976–2006

He won re-election with at least 55% of vote all but three other times in his career (1990, 1992, and 2008). In 1982 and 1984, he defeated Nick Begich's wife, Pegge Begich, with 55% and 57% respectively. In 1990 he won re-election with just 52% against John Devens, the Mayor of Valdez. In 1992, he defeated Devens again, this time with just 47%: the lowest winning percentage of his career and the only time he won without a majority vote. Young's largest winning percentage was in 2002 (75%), and the most votes he got was in 2004 (213,216).

2008

See also: United States House of Representatives election in Alaska, 2008
Republican primary

In light of many of the controversies, incumbent Lt. Gov. Sean Parnell announced he would run against Young in the August 26, 2008 Republican primary. Parnell was strongly supported by Gov. Sarah Palin, the Club for Growth, and many other organizations that opposed what they viewed to be corrupt behavior by Young. This was the first primary since he was first elected in which Young faced a strong challenge.

Young received the endorsement of Mike Huckabee's political action committee, Huck PAC, in June 2008.[3] After a storm of negative reaction, Huckabee explained on the Huck PAC blog that the endorsement was due in part to Young's endorsement and steadfast support of Huckabee during the 2008 Republican presidential primaries.[4]

Final results on September 18 showed Young winning by 304 votes (0.28%), and Parnell announced that he would not seek a recount.[5] Prior to the announcement of the unofficial results, both candidates had said that they would request a recount if they lost.[6] The state of Alaska pays the costs of recounts when the difference is within a half percent, as it was in this primary election.[7]

General election

Young faced a strong challenge from Democrat Ethan Berkowitz, the 46-year-old former minority leader in the Alaska House of Representatives. Don Wright, the Alaskan Independence Party nominee, also challenged Young.

He won re-election with 50% of the vote, compared to Berkowitz's 45% and Wright's 5%.[8][9] Berkowitz conceded defeat on November 18, 2008.[10]

2010

See also: United States House of Representatives election in Alaska, 2010

Young announced in 2009 that he will be seeking his 20th term.[11] Young won the Republican primary with 70% of the vote against Sheldon Fisher and John R. Cox.[12] He was challenged by Democratic nominee State Representative Harry Crawford.[13] Young defeated him with 69% of the vote.[14]

2012

See also: United States House of Representatives election in Alaska, 2012

Young drew two challengers in the Republican party, but easily defeated them. He won the primary with 79% of the vote.[15][16] In November, he won re-election to his 21st term, defeating State Representative Sharon Cissna, the Democratic nominee, 64%-29%.[17]

Tenure

Earlier photo of Don Young

Young is the fifth longest-serving House member, and the second most-senior Republican (behind Rep. Bill Young of Florida). Due to his long tenure in the House and that of former Senator Ted Stevens, Alaska is considered to have clout in national politics far beyond its small population (it has long been one of the smallest states in population and is currently 47th, ahead of only North Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming). He is often called "Alaska's third senator."[18] Young chaired the Committee on Natural Resources from the 1995 Republican takeover of the House until 2001. He then chaired the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure from 2001 to 2007. He is currently the second-highest ranking Republican on both committees.

Young's voting record is relatively moderate by Republican standards. He has a lifetime rating of 77 from the American Conservative Union.[19] He most often crosses lines on issues affecting labor. He was one of a small number of Republicans to vote against the Teamwork for Employees and Managers Act of 1995, some free trade agreements, and was one of only 13 Republican congressmen to vote for the Employee Free Choice Act in 2007. His voting record is anti-abortion and anti-gun control, but he was also among the Republicans to vote in favor of more federal funds for stem cell research and voted against the re-authorization of the Patriot Act. He is known for his opposition to federal control of Alaska's land and resources.[2] He is also a strong proponent of opening the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil drilling.[20]

During a 1994 House debate touching on the question of Alaska Natives' right to sell sex organs of endangered animals for the purpose of aphrodisiacs, he pulled out an eighteen-inch penis bone of a walrus, better known as an Oosik. He brandished it like a sword on the House floor at the face of the head of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.[18][21][22]

At a high school assembly in 2004, Young was answering questions about cutting federal funding for the arts. He said that such funding had "photographs of people doing offensive things," and "things that are absolutely ridiculous." When asked for an example, Young quickly replied "buttfucking", in reference to Robert Mapplethorpe's photographic exhibition The Perfect Moment.[23][24]

On November 4, 1999, Young voted in favor of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act,[25] which some economists, including Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz, believe helped create the 2007 financial crisis.[26][27]

In 2000, when evidence surfaced that the Pittman-Robertson Act conservation trust funds were being mismanaged, Young introduced the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs Improvement Act. The bill passed the House 423-2 and became law on Nov. 1, 2000 and defines in what manner the monies can be spent.

In the wake of September 11, 2001, Young sponsored the Airport Security Federalization Act of 2001, which created the Transportation Security Administration.[28]

In July 2007, fellow Republican Congressman Scott Garrett of New Jersey proposed an amendment to strike money in a spending bill for native Alaskan and Hawaiian educational programs.[29] Young defended the funds on the floor of the House, stating that "You want my money, my money."[29] Young also stated that "Those who bite me will be bitten back."[29] Young went on to suggest that conservative Republicans such as Garrett lost the Republicans their majority in the 2006 election by challenging spending earmarks, and made several critical remarks about the state of New Jersey.[29] While Garrett did not ask for an official reprimand, other conservative Republicans took exception to Young's remarks that the funds in question represented his money. Members of the conservative Republican Study Committee gave Garrett a standing ovation later in the day during the group's weekly meeting and Virginia Foxx of North Carolina compared Young's earmarks to "legal theft."[29]

Although Congressman Young is considered to be Pro-Life and was quoted saying, "… I have always voted for pro-life legislation as I believe an unborn child is a human being and should be protected through all stages of life," (1997)[30] his official positions on the subject do not make abortion illegal in every scenario. Young believes that abortion should be legal only when the pregnancy is a result of incest or rape, or in the case that a woman’s life is endangered by her pregnancy. He has addressed the issue of the time-period in which abortions should be legal, saying he does not think abortions should be limited to the first trimester of a pregnancy, and also disagrees with the idea of federal subsidies prohibiting abortions.[31]

Young is a signer of Americans for Tax Reform’s Taxpayer Protection Pledge.[32]

According to The New Republic, Young is "well-known for his sharp elbows and generous appetite for legislative pork."[33] His reputation for steering federal dollars to Alaska is almost as legendary as that of Ted Stevens. For example, in the 2005 Highway Bill, Young helped secure $941 million for 119 "special projects," including a $231 million bridge in Anchorage that a rider in the bill named for Young himself.[34]

"Bridge to Nowhere" controversy

In 2005, Young and Stevens earmarked $223 million for building the enormous Gravina Island Bridge from Ketchikan to Gravina Island, which also contains Ketchikan's airport. The bridge would be used for access by emergency vehicles, as well as passengers. Currently there is a small car and passenger ferry that travels the 1/4 mile (400 m) crossing in 3 to 7 minutes and runs every half hour. Critics assailed this as pork barrel spending at taxpayers' expense and dubbed it the "Bridge to Nowhere." The Gravinia Island Bridge was awarded a Golden Fleece by the federal budget watchdog organization Taxpayers for Common Sense in 2003.[35] After criticism from citizens and others in Congress, lawmakers de-funded the bridge and instead funneled the money to Alaska's Department of Transportation, allowing the Governor of Alaska to start road construction after the Alaska Legislature funded the project with the directed monies.[36]

The other bridge controversy: Knik Arm Bridge Knik Arm Bridge

Another bridge earmarked in the bill connects Anchorage to Pt. Mackenzie, a lightly populated area in the Matanuska-Susitna Borough that is situated less than four miles (6 km) across Cook Inlet from downtown Anchorage.[37]

Currently, Anchorage is accessible from Point Mackenzie only by an 80-mile (130 km) route around Knik Arm, much of which is an unimproved road. The demise of this second bridge project has been suggested for years.[38]

Part of the concern for the Bridge is that if it were built, it would significantly enhance the value of property in which Mr. Young's son-in-law owns an interest.[18][39][40]

He was listed as the third-worst congressman by the popular magazine Rolling Stone, and dubbed "Mr. Pork" due to his involvement in the Gravina Island "Bridge to Nowhere" incident.[18] In the article, Young is quoted as saying that "Environmentalists are a self-centered bunch of waffle-stomping, Harvard-graduating, intellectual idiots" who "are not Americans, never have been Americans, never will be Americans."[18]

2007 Federal Investigation

On July 24, 2007, the Wall Street Journal reported that Young was under federal investigation for possibly taking bribes, illegal gratuities or unreported gifts from VECO Corporation, an Anchorage-based company. The top two executives of that company had already pleaded guilty to bribing members of the Alaska legislature.[41] The Journal said a VECO executive held fundraisers called "the Pig Roast" for Young every August for ten years. Between 1996 and 2006, Young received $157,000 from VECO employees and its political action committee. In the first half of 2007, Young spent more than $250,000 of his campaign contributions for legal fees.[29]

A confession signed by Bill Allen, the former chief of VECO, was released in October 2009. Allen agreed that from 1993 to August 2006, both he and his deputy at VECO, Rick Smith, "provided things of value to United States Representative A," a reference to Young. For example, in June 2006, Smith obtained a set of golf clubs, costing approximately $1,000, that Smith gave to Young. Although Young was obligated in 2006 to report gifts with a value of more than $335, he didn't report receiving any gifts on the personal financial disclosure form he filed with the House of Representatives for that year.[42]'

In August of 2010, the investigation launched by the FBI was closed. The office noted that the evidentiary findings of their investigation were being forwarded to the Ethics Commission. The Ethics Committee made no official finds.

2013 Federal Investigation

In March 2013, the House Ethics Committee created another special committee to investigate more allegations that Young improperly accepted gifts, used campaign funds for personal expenses, failed to report gifts in financial disclosure documents, and made false statements to federal officials.[43] On future predictions, Young stated "it will go forever. I've been under a cloud all my life. I'm sort of like living in Juneau. It rains on you all the time. You don't even notice it."[44]

The Ethics Committee is now forming a sub-committee charged with the duty of determining whether or not Young broke the law. There is no timeline for either the sub-committee, or the Ethics Committee, to release its findings.

Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington list

Congressman Young has been included in the annual listing of the most corrupt members of Congress compiled by Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2012 reports on Congressional corruption.[45]

Coconut Road earmark

In 2006, Young added a $10 million earmark to a transportation bill for the construction of an interstate interchange for a short stretch of road (known as "Coconut Road") near Fort Myers, Florida. Some puzzled why a congressman from Alaska would earmark for a little road in Florida that the local community opposed. Young's spokeswoman Meredith Kenny initially said that the local Republican congressman, Connie Mack, had requested the funding. In fact, both Mack and local Republican politicians opposed the funding.[46][47][48]

In August 2007, the Naples Daily News reported that the words "Coconut Road interchange" were not in the federal transportation bill as it was approved by Congress. Instead, the words were added after the votes in the House and Senate, but before President Bush signed the bill. The original language for the $10 million earmark specified it was for widening of and improvements to Interstate 75. The language within the earmark was changed during a process called "bill enrollment", when technical corrections such as changes in punctuation are made to legislation before it is sent to the President.[49]

In April 2008, top Senate Democrats and Republicans supported asking the Justice Department for a criminal investigation of the $10 million earmark. Young's staff acknowledged that aides "corrected" the earmark just before it went to the White House for President Bush's signature, specifying that the money would go to the proposed highway interchange project. Young said that the project was entirely worthy of an earmark and that he welcomed any inquiry, a spokeswoman said. Young's office said that presentations made by Florida Gulf Coast University officials and the developers proved the case for the project.[50]

In late 2010, Obama administration officials stated that the Deepwater Horizon blowout exceeded the Exxon Valdez spill, as they estimated that the gusher had spewed between 15 million US gallons (57,000 m3) and 40 million US gallons (150,000 m3) of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Young said that the oil pumping into the Gulf was not an "environmental disaster", stating that it was a "natural phenomena" as "oil has seeped into this ocean for centuries, will continue to do it. During World War II there was over 10,000,000 barrels (1,600,000 m3) of oil spilt from ships, and no natural catastrophe. We will lose some birds, we will lose some fixed sealife, but overall it will recover."[51]

Support for oil drilling in ANWR

The Arctic Refuge drilling controversy has repeatedly brought Don Young into the national spotlight. Young has been a longstanding supporter of opening lands within the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil exploration. He has included provisions to that effect in 12 bills that have passed the House of Representatives,[52] but environmentalists concerned with the impact of road-building, pipelines and other development on the Arctic tundra landscape have thus far successfully defeated such legislation in the Senate.[53]

On November 18, 2011, Young got into an argument during a Congressional hearing with Douglas Brinkley, a historian who teaches at Rice University in Texas, over the idea of drilling in ANWR. Reports say that during Brinkley’s testimony Young was not present in the room,[54] yet still continued to respond to the speech Brinkley had made. Young himself commented that his absence during Brinkley's testimony was attributable to a pre-scheduled vote on the House floor. Young not only referred to Brinkley’s argument as “garbage”, but also mistakenly addressed Brinkley as “Dr. Rice.”[55] In return, Brinkley made disparaging remarks about Young's education, stating, "I know you went to Yuba College and couldn't graduate." For continually interrupting Young and the committee chairman, Brinkley was threatened with removal from the hearing. Young responded to the Rice University history professor to demand “I’ll say anything I want to say! You just be quiet!”.[56][57]

Use of a Latino slur on the radio

On March 28, 2013, Young caused some controversy when he used the ethnic slur "wetbacks" during a radio interview to describe Latino migrant farm workers who worked at his father's ranch when he was growing up.[58] Young issued a statement later that day saying that he "meant no disrespect" and that he "used a term that was commonly used during my days growing up on a farm in central California".[59] The Associated Press said that while Rep. Young explained his statement, he "did not apologize."[59] Prominent figures in the Republican Party, including House Speaker John Boehner and Senator John Cornyn, condemned the remarks as "offensive" and "derogatory".[60] On March 29, 2013, Latino advocacy group Presente.org called for Rep. Young's resignation in reaction to his use of the slur.[61] On March 29, 2013, Young issued a formal apology for his remarks, stating, "I apologize for the insensitive term," and that "it was a poor choice of words."[62]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Personal life

Young was married to the former Lula Fredson, an indigenous Gwich'in. She volunteered her time serving as the manager of her husband's Washington, D.C. Congressional office. They had two daughters and were members of the Episcopal Church. Lula died on August 1, 2009 at the age of 67.[63]

Electoral history

Alaska's At-large congressional district: Results 1972–2012[64][65]
Year Republican Votes Pct Democratic Votes Pct Third Party Votes Pct Third Party Votes Pct Third Party Votes Pct Write-in votes Write-in %
1972 Don Young 41,750 43.76% Nick J. Begich* 53,651 56.24%
1973 Don Young 35,044 51.41% Emil Notti 33,123 48.39%
1974 Don Young* 51,641 53.84% William L. Hensley 44,280 46.16%
1976 Don Young* 83,722 71.00% Eben Hopson 34,194 29.00%
1978 Don Young* 68,811 55.41% Patrick Rodey 55,176 44.43% 200 0.16%
1980 Don Young* 114,089 73.79% Kevin Parnell 39,922 25.82% 607 0.39%
1982 Don Young* 128,274 70.84% Dave Carlson 52,011 28.72% 799 0.44%
1984 Don Young* 113,582 55.02% Pegge Begich 86,052 41.68% Betty Breck (I) 6,508 3.15% 295 0.14%
1986 Don Young* 101,799 56.47% Pegge Begich 74,053 41.08% Betty Breck (L) 4,182 2.32% 243 0.14%
1988 Don Young* 120,595 62.50% Peter Gruenstein 71,881 37.25% 479 0.25%
1990 Don Young* 99,003 51.66% John S. Devens 91,677 47.84% 967 0.51%
1992 Don Young* 111,849 46.78% John S. Devens 102,378 42.82% Michael States (AKI) 15,049 6.29% Mike Milligan (G) 9,529 3.99% 311 0.13%
1994 Don Young* 118,537 56.92% Tony Smith 68,172 32.74% Joni Whitmore (G) 21,277 10.22% 254 0.12%
1996 Don Young* 138,834 59.41% Georgianna Lincoln 85,114 36.42% William J. Nemec II (AKI) 5,017 2.15% John J. G. Grames (G) 4,513 1.93% 222 0.10%
1998 Don Young* 139,676 62.55% Jim Duncan 77,232 34.59% John J. G. Grames (G) 5,923 2.65% 469 0.21%
2000 Don Young* 190,862 69.56% Clifford Mark Greene 45,372 16.54% Anna C. Young (G) 22,440 8.18% Jim Dore (AKI) 10,085 3.68% Leonard J. Karpinski (L) 4,802 1.75% 832 0.30%
2002 Don Young* 169,685 74.66% Clifford Mark Greene 39,357 17.32% Russell deForest (G) 14,435 6.35% Rob Clift (L) 3,797 1.67% 291 0.00%
2004 Don Young* 213,216 71.34% Thomas M. Higgins 67,074 22.44% Timothy A. Feller (G) 11,434 3.83% Alvin A. Anders (L) 7,157 2.40% 1,115 0.4%
2006 Don Young* 132,743 56.57% Diane E. Benson 93,879 40.01% Alexander Crawford (L) 4,029 1.72% Eva L. Ince (G) 1,819 0.78% William W. Ratigan (I) 1,615 0.69% 560 0.24%
2008 Don Young* 158,939 50.14% Ethan Berkowitz 142,560 44.98% Don Wright (AKI) 14,274 4.50% 1,205 0.38%
2010 Don Young* 175,384 68.87% Harry Crawford 77,606 30.64% 1,345 0.49%
2012 Don Young* 185,296 63.94% Sharon Cissna 82,927 28.61% Jim McDermott (L) 15,028 5.19% Ted Gianoutsos (I) 5,589 1.93% 964 0.33%

References

  1. ^ "Veterans in the US House of Representatives 109th Congress" (PDF). Navy League. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
  2. ^ a b Congressman Don Young, Congressman For All Alaska: Biography
  3. ^ Ben Pershing (2008-07-01). Don Young Brings Out the Big Guns The Washington Post, retrieved on 2008-07-15.
  4. ^ Mike Huckabee. Rep. Young (Updated) Huck PAC Blog, Retrieved on 2008-07-15.
  5. ^ Anne Sutton, "No recount in GOP race for Alaska's House seat", Associated Press, September 18, 2008.[dead link‍]
  6. ^ Haplin, James. "GOP primary comes down to overseas ballots, likely recount". Anchorage Daily News. September 9, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
  7. ^ Sutton, Anne. "Young wins Alaska House primary by 304 votes". Anchorage Daily News. September 18, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
  8. ^ ap.google.com, Young retains US House seat in Alaska[dead link‍]
  9. ^ kfor.com, Young retains US House seat in Alaska
  10. ^ Anchorage Daily News, The other congressional race - Berkowitz concedes to Young
  11. ^ By SEAN COCKERHAM scockerham@adn.com. "Young announces he'll seek 20th term in Congress: Politics". adn.com. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  12. ^ By MARY PEMBERTON The Associated Press (2010-01-22). "Former ACS exec to try for Young's job: Rep. Don Young". adn.com. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  13. ^ By SEAN COCKERHAM scockerham@adn.com. "Halcro says he'll challenge Young in GOP House primary: Politics". adn.com. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  14. ^ Election Night 2010: Incumbents Parnell and Young Re-Elected, Possibly Murkowski APRN 3-10-2010
  15. ^ "AK At-Large - R Primary Race - Aug 28, 2012". Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  16. ^ Thiessen, Mark. "The Associated Press - Rep. Don Young wins GOP primary for US House seat". The Associated Press. Associated Press. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
  17. ^ "AK - At-Large Race - Nov 06, 2012". Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  18. ^ a b c d e Dickinson, Tim (2006-10-17). "The 10 Worst Congressmen". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
  19. ^ 2006 U. S. Congress Ratings
  20. ^ Hon. Don Young (Alaska - at large) Legislation Release
  21. ^ Homans, Charles (August 30, 2008). "Waving an "Oosik" to Make a Point". New Republic. Tampa Bay Times.
  22. ^ "Ex-aide to GOP's Don Young Goes to Work for Dems". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. August 31, 2011.
  23. ^ "Republican Congressman Don Young to Local Radio Station: "We Used to Hire 50-60 Wetbacks to Pick Tomatoes"". Gawker.com. March 28, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  24. ^ Medred, Craig (29 March 2013). "A look back at Don Young's illustrious history of pissing off Americans". Alsaka Dispatch. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
  25. ^ "GovTrack: House Vote on Conference Report: S. 900 [106th]: Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act". Govtrack.us. 1999-11-04. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  26. ^ "Who's Whining Now? Economists Hit Gramm". Abcnews.go.com. 2008-09-19. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  27. ^ Paletta, Damian; Scannell, Kara (2009-03-10). "Ten Questions for Those Fixing the Financial Mess". The Wall Street Journal.
  28. ^ Bill Summary & Status - 107th Congress (2001 - 2002) - H.R.3150 - THOMAS (Library of Congress)
  29. ^ a b c d e f North to Alaska, The Politico dated July 17, 2007.
  30. ^ "Congressman Don Young". Donyoung.house.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  31. ^ "Don Young - Political Positions - - Project Vote Smart". Votesmart.org. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  32. ^ "The Taxpayer Protection Pledge Signers 112th Congressional List" (PDF). Americans for Tax Reform. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
  33. ^ Risen, Clay (2005-08-03). "Driven to Distraction". The New Republic. Retrieved 2007-06-07. [dead link‍]
  34. ^ Murray, Shailagh (2005-07-30). "After 2-Year Wait, Passage Comes Easily". The Washington Post. p. A09. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
  35. ^ Golden Fleece: $190 Million Bridge to Nowhere (PDF), 2003-06-09, retrieved 2013-06-21
  36. ^ Clarren, Rebecca (2005-08-09). "A bridge to nowhere". Salon. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
  37. ^ "Alaska: End Sought For 'bridge To Nowhere'". The New York Times. 2007-09-22.
  38. ^ "Final Days of Don Young's Way?". June 9, 2008 publisher= Taxpayers for Common Sense. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing pipe in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ Christiansen, Scott (2008-10-15). "Much ado about Nowhere". Anchorage Press. Retrieved 2008-10-31. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  40. ^ Mauer, Richard (2005-12-19). "Bridge would help Young's son-in-law". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved 2008-10-31. To state Board of Fisheries chairman Art Nelson, Don Young's Way, the proposed Knik Arm crossing named after his father-in-law, is hardly a bridge to nowhere.
    For Nelson and his well-connected partners in Point Bluff LLC, Rep. Don Young's span is in fact a bridge to somewhere: their 60 acres of unobstructed view property on the Point MacKenzie side of Cook Inlet.     {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  41. ^ "Paper reports Young's Veco ties investigated", Associated Press, July 25, 2007
  42. ^ Bribery, "Bribery allegations surface against Alaska Rep. Young", McClatchy Newspapers, October 22, 2009
  43. ^ Bresnahan, John (March 19, 2013). "House Ethics Committee opens probes into Don Young, Rob Andrews". Politico.
  44. ^ Bohrer, Becky (March 28, 2013). "Young Responds to New Ethics Investigation". Anchorage Daily News.
  45. ^ Rep. Don Young (R-AK) | CREW's Most Corrupt Members of Congress
  46. ^ Kirkpatrick, David (2007-06-07). "Alaskan Gets Campaign Cash; Florida Road Gets U.S. Funds". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-06-15.
  47. ^ "Don Young involved in shady land deal, Alaska Congressman helps Florida developer after fund raiser". Alaska Report. Palmer, Alaska. 2006-07-14. Retrieved 2008-10-31. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  48. ^ "Florida officials reject Young's road earmark. $10 MILLION ROAD: Don Young says people asked for the project". Anchorage Daily News. McClatchy Company. 2007-08-18. Retrieved 2008-10-31. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  49. ^ Julio Ochoa, "Report shows someone edited federal transportation bill", Naples Daily News, August 8, 2007
  50. ^ Paul Kane, "Congress May Seek Criminal Probe of Altered Earmark", Washington Post, April 17, 2008
  51. ^ "Rep. Don Young (R-AK) says BP oil gusher is 'not an environmental Disaster'". 2010-06-03. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
  52. ^ Rep. Young Comments on Governor Parnell’s Exploration Proposal for ANWR 1002 Area, donyoung.house.gov
  53. ^ Amendment to open ANWR fails in U.S. Senate, Matt Buxton, Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, March 14, 2012.
  54. ^ Otto, Shawn Lawrence (November 19, 2011). "When Despots and Bullies Run The Government". Huffington Post.
  55. ^ Cole, Dermot (November 19, 2011). "Historian gets into it with Don Young during Congressional hearing". Fairbanks Daily News-Miner.
  56. ^ "Douglas Brinkley and Rep. Don Young in committee hearing smackdown". The Washington Post. November 18, 2011. Retrieved November 18, 2011.
  57. ^ "Jobs and Drilling in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge" video transcript, C-Span Video Library, congressional hearing, November 18, 2011, 1 hour 9 minutes.
  58. ^ "Don Young Uses 'Wetbacks' To Describe Latinos (AUDIO)". Huffingtonpost.com. March 29, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  59. ^ a b Jim Abrams (March 29, 2013). "Alaska Rep. Don Young 'meant no disrespect' by ethnic slur, but doesn't apologize". The Associated Press.
  60. ^ "John Boehner On Don Young Racial Slur: 'There's No Excuse'". huffingtonpost.com. March 29, 2013. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
  61. ^ "Latino group calls for Young's resignation". March 29, 2013.
  62. ^ "GOP's Don Young apologizes for racial slur". USA Today. March 29, 2013. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
  63. ^ "Dyeing for a better Kenai salmon count: Alaska Newsreader". adn.com. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  64. ^ "Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved 2007-08-08.
  65. ^ "State of Alaska 2012 General Election". Alaska Division of Elections. November 28, 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.

Further reading

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U.S. House of Representatives

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Political offices
Preceded by
George Miller
D-California
 Chairman of House Resources Committee
1995–2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of House Transportation Committee
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Preceded by United States Representatives by seniority
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