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Revision as of 16:52, 18 September 2013
 The St George and other vessels.
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 UK | |
| Name | HMS St George |
| Ordered | 16 July 1774 |
| Builder | Portsmouth |
| Laid down | August 1774 |
| Launched | 14 October 1785 |
| Honours and awards | list error: mixed text and list (help) Participated in: |
| Fate | Wrecked, 1811 |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Class and type | Duke-class ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 1931 tons (1962 tonnes) |
| Length | 177 ft 6 in (54.10 m) (gundeck) |
| Beam | 50 ft (15 m) |
| Depth of hold | 21 ft 2 in (6.45 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full rigged ship |
| Complement | 850 officers and men |
| Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) Gundeck: 28 × 32-pounder guns |
HMS St George was a 98-gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 14 October 1785 at Portsmouth.[1] In 1793 she captured one of the richest prizes ever. She then participated in the Naval Battle of Hyères Islands in 1795 and took part in the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801. She was wrecked off Jutland in 1811 with the loss of almost all her crew.
Service
In 1793 Captain John Gell was appointed to be a Rear-Admiral of the Blue and raised his flag on the St George.[2] Whilst in the Mediterranean with his division of the fleet, Gell was able to seize a French privateer and its Spanish registered prize the St Jago. These ships were said to be one of the most valuable prizes ever brought to England.[2] The ownership of the St Jago was a matter of some debate and was not settled until 4 February 1795, when the value of the cargo was put at £935,000. At this time all the crew, captains, officers and admirals could expect to share in this prize. Admiral Hood's share was £50,000. The ships that conveyed St Jago to Portsmouth were St George, Egmont, Edgar, Ganges and Phaeton.[3]
In October 1793 Gell was able to obtain the surrender of the French frigate Modeste, which had abused the neutrality of the port of Genoa. After this Gell had to return to England for the last time due to ill health.[2][2]
St George was present at the Naval Battle of Hyères Islands in 1795, and took part in the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801, where her captain was Thomas Masterman Hardy, future captain of HMS Victory under Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar. In 1847 the Admiralty authorized the issuance of the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Copenahgen 1801" to all remaining survivors of the battle.
Fate
HMS St George was wrecked near Ringkøbing on the west coast of Jutland on 24 December 1811. She narrowly escaped wrecking on a shoal (Rødsand) south of Zeeland on 15 December, while returning from the Baltic Sea. Under jury masts and a temporary rudder she had got a considerable distance out of the Sleeve when a gale came up. This, combined with a heavy sea, resulted in St George being wrecked at Nazen, about three miles from Ringkøbing, together with Defence.[4]
Only seven of her 738 crew were saved.[4] Among the dead were Rear-Admiral Robert Carthew Reynolds and Captain Daniel Oliver Guion.[5] Most of the bodies that came ashore were buried in the sand dunes of Thorsminde, which have been known ever since as "Dead Men's Dunes".[4]
Post script
The ship's bell was recovered in 1876 and served as church bell in the church of No near Ringkøbing until May 2011 where it was passed as a present from the church to the Strandingsmuseum St. George in Thorsminde in connection with renovation of the church' bell tower.[6]
Following the exposure of the wreck of St George by a storm in 1981, thousands of artifacts have been recovered from the wreck, many of which are on display at the Strandingsmuseum St George in Thorsminde.
References
- ^ a b Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p179.
- ^ a b c d The Literary Panorama, Obituary, 1807
- ^ Annual Register, accessed 6 October 2008
- ^ a b c Gossett (1986), p. 81.
- ^ Ships of the Old Navy, St George.
- ^ http://www.lemvig.nu/pages/visnyhed.asp?newsguid=72571
- Gossett, William Patrick (1986). The lost ships of the Royal Navy, 1793-1900. Mansell. ISBN 0-7201-1816-6.
- Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.
- Michael Phillips. Saint George (98) (1785). Michael Phillips' Ships of the Old Navy. Retrieved 2 September 2008.