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===Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu===
===Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu===
'''Princess Ayşe Gülnev Sultan''' <ref name="sabah"/><ref name="Pazan"/><ref name="adg"/><ref name="BP"/><ref>http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2006/10/13/pazar/apaz.html</ref> was born in [[Henley-on-Thames]], [[Oxfordshire, England]] on 17 January 1971. She is the only daughter of Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu and his wife Athena Joy ''Hanımefendi''. Athena was born Athena Christoforides in London on 9 March 1944. Ayşe is the great-great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed Murad V, 33rd Sovereign of the House of Osman through her grandfather Ali Vasıb, the 41st Head of the Imperial House of Osman, and also the great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed V, the 35th Sovereign of the House of Osman, through her grandmother Emine Mükbile. Her father Osman Selaheddin is the only Ottoman prince whose parents are both descendants of the Imperial [[Ottoman Dynasty]]. Ayşe holds a degree of Bachelor of Arts in History and Politics from [[Exeter University]] and a Masters degree in Ottoman History from the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]], London.
'''Princess Ayşe Gülnev Sultan''' <ref name="sabah"/><ref name="Pazan"/><ref name="adg"/><ref name="BP"/><ref>http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2006/10/13/pazar/apaz.html</ref> was born in [[Henley-on-Thames]], [[Oxfordshire, England]] on 17 January 1971.
[[File:Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu.jpg|thumb|right|Princess Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu|alt=Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu]]
She is the only daughter of Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu and his wife Athena Joy ''Hanımefendi''. Athena was born Athena Christoforides in London on 9 March 1944. Ayşe is the great-great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed Murad V, 33rd Sovereign of the House of Osman through her grandfather Ali Vasıb, the 41st Head of the Imperial House of Osman, and also the great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed V, the 35th Sovereign of the House of Osman, through her grandmother Emine Mükbile. Her father Osman Selaheddin is the only Ottoman prince whose parents are both descendants of the Imperial [[Ottoman Dynasty]].
Ayşe holds a degree of Bachelor of Arts in History and Politics from [[Exeter University]] and a Masters degree in Ottoman History from the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]], London.


[[File:Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu-Issue.jpg|thumb|left|from left to right: Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik|alt=Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik]]
[[File:Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu-Issue.jpg|thumb|left|from left to right: Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik|alt=Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik]]
Ayşe married [[Nicholas Sutton]] (born 18 August 1969) on 27 August 1994; on their marriage he gained the title of ''Damad'' and the honorific His Highness. Together they have five children, four sons and one daughter. Prince (''Sultanzade'') Maximilian Ali ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in [[London]], [[England]] 15 January 2000, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Cosmo Tarik ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in London, England 10 September 2001, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Lysander Cengiz ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in London, England 12 April 2003, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Ferdinand Ziya ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in [[Sussex]], England, 26 July 2006, Princess Tatyana Aliye ''Hanımsultan'', Sutton. born in Sussex, England, 25 March 2005.
Ayşe married [[Nicholas Sutton]] (born 18 August 1969) on 27 August 1994; on their marriage he gained the title of ''Damad'' and the honorific His Highness. Together they have five children, four sons and one daughter. Prince (''Sultanzade'') Maximilian Ali ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in [[London]], [[England]] 15 January 2000, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Cosmo Tarik ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in London, England 10 September 2001, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Lysander Cengiz ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in London, England 12 April 2003, Prince (''Sultanzade'') Ferdinand Ziya ''Beyefendi'', Sutton. born in [[Sussex]], England, 26 July 2006, Princess Tatyana Aliye ''Hanımsultan'', Sutton. born in Sussex, England, 25 March 2005.

Revision as of 13:51, 12 November 2013

The Imperial Ottoman family ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1922. There were thirty six Ottoman Sultans who ruled over the Empire, and each one was a direct descendant through the male line of the first Ottoman Sultan, Sultan Osman I. After the deposition of the last Sultan, Mehmet VI, in 1922, and the subsequent abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924, members of the Imperial family were forced into exile. Their descendants now live in many different countries throughout Europe, as well as in the United States, the Middle East, and since they have now been permitted to return to their homeland, many now also live in Turkey. When in exile, the family adopted the surname of Osmanoğlu, meaning son of Osman, out of respect for the founder of their dynasty.

Imperial Ottoman Dynasty
Coat of Arms of Ottoman Empire
CountryOttoman Empire
Founded1299
FounderOsman I
Dissolution1922

Heads of the House of Osman since 1923

The Ottoman dynasty was exiled from Turkey in 1924.[1] The female members of the dynasty were allowed to return after 1951,[1] and the male members after 1973.[2] Below is a list of people who would have been heirs to the Ottoman throne following the abolition of the sultanate on 1 November 1922.[2] These people have not necessarily made any claim to the throne; for example Ertuğrul Osman said "Democracy works well in Turkey."[3]

Resurgence of interest in the Ottoman Dynasty

Since the turn of this century there has been a growing interest in the living members of the Ottoman family, both within Turkey and abroad.[6]

In 2006, family members met at Dolmabahçe Palace for the presentation of the documentary "Osmanoğlu'nun Sürgünü" ("The Ottomans' Exile") produced by TRT (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation).[7] This documentary followed the stories of the members of the Ottoman family who went into exile in 1924, following the establishment of the Turkish Republic and the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate. It then follows the stories of their descendants, who now live in Turkey, Europe, the United States and throughout the Middle East. Extensive coverage of this event, and the success of the documentary series has dramatically raised the profile of the Imperial Family.[6][8]

According to the New York Times, historians said that the show of reverence at the funeral of Prince Ertuğrul Osman in September 2009 was a "seminal moment in the rehabilitation of the Ottoman Empire".[9]

An interview with Prince Mahmud Efendi by the Anatolian News Agency was published in several publications in Turkey and the UK. A Sultan's descendant in the heart of London

Turkish citizenship

Without exception, all high-ranking members of the Imperial Ottoman family were exiled in 1924. Most had never left their homeland before, and all were forced to make a new life abroad. The family departed from Sirkeci Train Station, and would disperse across Europe, the United States and the Middle East. As the former Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI Vahideddin had settled in San Remo, many members of the family congregated in the South of France. After living in Switzerland for a short time, the last Caliph of Islam Prince (Şehzade) Abdulmecid II, also moved to the French Rivera, settling in Nice. The Turkish Republic had issued the exiled Ottoman family members with travel documents but they were only valid for one year. Therefore, by 1925 members of the family were no longer able to travel. Prince (Şehzade) Ali Vâsib Efendi appealed to the French Government and succeeded in obtaining courtesy passports for them. The French Government also issued passports to the children of the members of the family who were born in exile. In the years since the exile was lifted, many members of the Ottoman family have obtained Turkish citizenship and hold Turkish passports.

Imperial Princes (Şehzades) of the House of Osman

The formal way of addressing the male descendants of the Ottoman Sultans is Daulatlu Najabatlu Şehzade (given name) Hazretleri Efendi, i.e. Prince (given name) Efendi, with the style of His Imperial Highness. According to genealogies of the House of Osman, had the Sultanate not been abolished, there would be twenty-four Imperial Princes in the line of succession after Bayezid Osman, the current head of the family.[10][11][12] The succession law used is agnatic seniority, with the succession passing to eldest male dynast.[13]

  1. Prince Şehzade Dündar Aliosman Efendi (b. 1930) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][15]
  2. Prince Şehzade Harun Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1932) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  3. Prince Şehzade Cengiz Nazim Efendi (b. 1939) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  4. Prince Şehzade Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1940) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  5. Prince Şehzade Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1941) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[10][11][12][15]
  6. Prince Şehzade Mehmed Ziyaeddin Efendi (b. 1947) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][14][15]
  7. Prince Şehzade Roland Selim Kadir Efendi (b. 1949) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  8. Prince Şehzade Selim Djem Efendi (b. 1955) (descendant of Abdülmecid I)[10][11][12][13][15]
  9. Prince Şehzade Orhan İbrahim Suleiman Saadeddin Efendi (b. 1959) (descendant of Abdülaziz I)[10][11][12][13][15]
  10. Prince Şehzade Orhan Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1963) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  11. Prince Şehzade Eric Mehmed Ziyaeddin Nazim Efendi (b. 1966) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][15]
  12. Prince Şehzade Orhan Murad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1972) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  13. Prince Şehzade Francis Mahmud Namık Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1975) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[10][11][12][15]
  14. Prince Şehzade René Osman Abdul Kadir Efendi (b. 1975) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  15. Prince Şehzade Daniel Adrian Abdulhamid Kadir Efendi (b. 1977) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  16. Prince Şehzade Abdulhamid Kayıhan Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1979) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  17. Prince Şehzade Selim Süleyman Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1979) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[10][11][12][13][15]
  18. Prince Şehzade Nazım Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1985) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][15]
  19. Prince Şehzade Yavuz Selim Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1989) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  20. Prince Şehzade Turan Cem Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2004) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I)[10][11][12][15]
  21. Prince Şehzade Tamer Nihad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2006) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I)[10][11][12][15]
  22. Prince Şehzade Harun Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2007) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12]
  23. Prince Şehzade Batu Bayezid Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2008) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I)[10][11][12][15]
  24. Prince Şehzade Ziya Reşad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2012) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[10][11][12][15]

Imperial Princesses (Sultans) of the House of Osman

The formal way of addressing the female descendants of the Ottoman Sultans is Daulatlu Hazretleri (given name) Sultan, i.e. Princess (given name) Sultan, with the style of Her Imperial Highness. According to genealogies of the House of Osman, had the Sultanate not been abolished, there would be sixteen Imperial Princesses

  1. Princess Safvet Neslişah Sultan (b. 1925) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  2. Princess Fevziye Sultan (b. 1928) (descendant of Abdülmecid I)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  3. Princess Fatma Necla Sultan (b. 1933) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  4. Princess Margot Leyla Sultan (b. 1947) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  5. Princess Nilüfer Sultan (b. 1953) (descendant of Abdülmecid I)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  6. Princess Perihan Sultan (b. 1963) (descendant of Abdülaziz)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  7. Princess Ayşe Louise Sultan (b. 1964) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  8. Princess Gülhan Sultan (b. 1968) (descendant of Abdülaziz)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  9. Princess Ayşe Gülnev Sultan (b. 1971) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[10][11][12][15]
  10. Princess Nurhan Sultan (b. 1973) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  11. Princess Nilhan Sultan (b. 1987) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  12. Princess Nermin Zoe Sultan (b. 1988) (descendant of Mehmed V)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  13. Princess Nilüfer Sultan (b. 1995) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][14][15]
  14. Princess Berna Sultan (b. 1998) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]
  15. Princess Asyahan Sultan (b. 2004) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[10][11][12][13][15]

Biographies of some members of the House of Osman

Mahmud Namık

File:Namuk Ef.- Hanedan nishan.jpg
Prince Mahmud Namık Efendi

Prince Mahmud Namık Efendi (December 23, 1913; Dolmabahçe Palace-November 13, 1963; Cairo, Egypt ), is the only son of Ömer Hilmi, and his wife Hadice Firdevs Gülnev Başhanımefendi, and grandson of Sultan Mehmed V. He received the Collar of the Hanedan-ı-Ali-Osman.

Mahmud Namık[13][14] was born in Dolmabahçe Palace and lived there until the death of his grandfather, Sultan Mehmed V, just before the end of World War I on July 4, 1918. He then moved with his family to a Konak (residence) at Nişantaşı for the winter months and to one in Bağlarbaşı, above Beylerbeyi, for the summer.

Following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey and the abolition of the Ottoman Sultanate and the Ottoman Caliphate, the entire Imperial Ottoman family were forced into exile in March 1924. Mahmud Namık left his homeland at the age of 10, never to return to Turkey, since he died before the decree of exile was lifted. He was initially sent to boarding school in Lebanon, but then soon came to live with his family in Nice, France once they had settled there to be close to the former Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI, who had rented a villa in San Remo, and to their cousin the last Caliph of Islam Abdülmecid II, who lived in Nice. In 1934 he moved to Alexandria, Egypt with his father Ömer Hilmi and grandmother, and was later joined in January by his sister, Emine Mükbile, and his brother-in-law, Ali Vâsib. He worked until the end of World War II for the Alexandria tramline company. In the late 1940s he established himself as a businessman and settled in Geneva, Switzerland where he developed his business interests in places as far apart as Pakistan and the USA. In 1958 he was asked to help negotiate the marriage of his cousin Princess Sabiha Fazila Hanimsultan, the only daughter of Prince Muhammad 'Ali Ibrahim Beyefendi of Egypt and Princess Zehra Hanzade Sultan, to King Faisal II of Iraq. The engagement was ended by the murder of King Faisal II, following a military coup on July 14, 1958.

He married on August 1939 (div. at Alexandria, 1947) Şaharazade Hanımefendi (b. at Alexandria, 1922; d. 1993), only daughter of Ismail Ratib Bey, by his wife Princess Emine Bihruz, younger daughter of Prince Ibrahim Rashid Fazil Pasha, of Egypt. They had one son, Prince Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu b. at Alexandria, 4 June 1941, educ. Stowe school, Buckinghamshire, England, and degree in Business Administration from London Univ.

Mahmud died at the age of 49 from a stroke, at Cairo, Egypt on November 13, 1963, was buried at Khedive Tawfik Mausoleum in Cairo, then transferred to Sultan Mahmud II Mausoleum in Istanbul in 1987.

Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu

Prince Ömer Abdülmecid Efendi[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] b. at Alexandria, 4 June 1941, the only child of Prince (Şehzade) Mahmud Namık Efendi, and his wife Şaharazade Hanımefendi, (b. at Alexandria, 1922; d. 1993, only daughter of Ismail Ratib Bey, by his wife Princess Emine Bihruz, younger daughter of Prince Ibrahim Raşid Fazıl Paşa, of Egypt), and great-grandson of Sultan Mehmed V Reşad Han Gazi, 35th Sovereign of the House of Osman. Educated at Stowe School, Buckinghamshire, England, he holds a degree in Business Administration from London University.

m. Beulah Hanımefendi (b. 8 April 1943), née Banbury. He has issue, an only son:

Ömer Abdülmecid had a career as an oil trader in the City of London, plays chess, and is now retired and lives in Sussex, England.

Mahmud Francis Namık Osmanoğlu

File:Mahmud Francis Namık Osmanoğlu 4.jpg
Prince Mahmud Francis Namık Efendi

Prince Mahmud Francis Namık Efendi[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] was born in London, 27 April 1975. He is the only child of Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu and Beulah Hanımefendi, née Banbury, and great-great grandson of Sultan Mehmed V Reşad Han Gazi, 35th Sovereign of the House of Osman. Mahmud attended Gulliver Preparatory High School in Miami Florida, and The Mougins School, in the South of France (Riviera). He holds an MFA in Design and Technology from Parsons The New School for Design, New York City, USA and a BFA in Visual Communications from Parsons Paris School of Art and Design, Paris, France. He is a co-founder and director of a digital video service company specialising in healthcare.

Mahmud is an accomplished drummer, released an LP with the band The Janitors and tennis player. He lives in London, England.

Mahmud and his wife Genevieve Ingi Hanımefendi, née Robson, have one son, Prince Ziya Reşad Efendi, born in London in June 6, 2012.

Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu

Princess Ayşe Gülnev Sultan [11][12][13][14][17] was born in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, England on 17 January 1971.

Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu
Princess Ayşe-Gülnev-Osmanoğlu

She is the only daughter of Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu and his wife Athena Joy Hanımefendi. Athena was born Athena Christoforides in London on 9 March 1944. Ayşe is the great-great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed Murad V, 33rd Sovereign of the House of Osman through her grandfather Ali Vasıb, the 41st Head of the Imperial House of Osman, and also the great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Mehmed V, the 35th Sovereign of the House of Osman, through her grandmother Emine Mükbile. Her father Osman Selaheddin is the only Ottoman prince whose parents are both descendants of the Imperial Ottoman Dynasty.

Ayşe holds a degree of Bachelor of Arts in History and Politics from Exeter University and a Masters degree in Ottoman History from the School of Oriental and African Studies, London.


Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik
from left to right: Prince Lysander Cengiz, Princess Tatyana Aliye, Prince Maximilian Ali, Prince Ferdinand Ziya, Prince Cosmo Tarik

Ayşe married Nicholas Sutton (born 18 August 1969) on 27 August 1994; on their marriage he gained the title of Damad and the honorific His Highness. Together they have five children, four sons and one daughter. Prince (Sultanzade) Maximilian Ali Beyefendi, Sutton. born in London, England 15 January 2000, Prince (Sultanzade) Cosmo Tarik Beyefendi, Sutton. born in London, England 10 September 2001, Prince (Sultanzade) Lysander Cengiz Beyefendi, Sutton. born in London, England 12 April 2003, Prince (Sultanzade) Ferdinand Ziya Beyefendi, Sutton. born in Sussex, England, 26 July 2006, Princess Tatyana Aliye Hanımsultan, Sutton. born in Sussex, England, 25 March 2005.

Ayşe lives in Sussex, England with her family and spends the summers near Bodrum, Turkey.[18][19] She is a director of property investment and development companies, and writes and researches historical pieces on Ottoman history.

Family trees

Showing the line of descent from the founder of the Ottoman dynasty to present day through Sultan Mehmed V Reşad's youngest son Prince Ömer Hilmi

References

  1. ^ a b Brookes, Douglas (2008). The concubine, the princess, and the teacher: voices from the Ottoman harem. University of Texas Press. pp. 278, 285. Retrieved 2011-04-14.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Opfell, Olga (2001). Royalty who wait: the 21 heads of formerly regnant houses of Europe. McFarland. pp. 146, 151. Retrieved 2011-04-14.
  3. ^ a b Bernstein, Fred. “Ertugrul Osman, Link to Ottoman Dynasty, Dies at 97”, The New York Times (2009-09-24).
  4. ^ Pope, Hugh. "Oldest Ottoman to come home at last", The Independent (1992-07-22).
  5. ^ "'Osmanoğulları'na insanlık şehadet edecek'", Zaman (newspaper) (2009-09-27).
  6. ^ a b Bilefsky, Dan (4 December 2009). "Turkey Reveling in Its Past". The New York Times.
  7. ^ Akgüneş, Gürkan 2006 "Şehzadeler sarayda buluştu" Milliyet Retrieved 2011-07-20
  8. ^ 2006 "2006 yılından hanedanın bir videosu" Ottoman Dynasty Foundation Retrieved 2011-07-20
  9. ^ Bilefsky, Dan 2009-12-4 "Frustrated with the West, Turks Revel in Empire Lost" The New York Times Retrieved 2011-07-20
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao "Hayatta Olan Şehzadeler". Foundation of the Ottoman Dynasty. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq "Osmanlı Hanedanı vakıf çatısı altında toplanıyor". Sabah. 13 September 2010. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq İbrahim Pazan (15 September 2009). "Osmanoğullarının yeni reisi Osman Bayezid Efendi". Netgazete. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Almanach de Gotha (184th ed.). Almanach de Gotha. 2000. pp. 365, 912–915.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Burke's Royal Families of the World (2 ed.). Burke's Peerage. 1980. p. 247.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an "Current Living Şehzades". Official Ottoman Family Website. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  16. ^ a b http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Ottoman_throne
  17. ^ http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2006/10/13/pazar/apaz.html
  18. ^ http://mobil.stargazete.com/n97/pazar/cocukken-de-5-bebegim-vardi-haber-289537.htm
  19. ^ http://www.turizminsesi.com/haber/ingiliz-kulturu-osmanli-izlerini-silememis--412.htm
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