HMS Prince (1670): Difference between revisions
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'''HMS ''Prince''''' (sometimes also referred to as ''Royal Prince'') was a 100-gun [[first rate]] [[ship of the line]] of the [[Royal Navy]], built by Phineas Pett the Younger at [[Deptford Dockyard]] and launched in 1670.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p161" /> A contemporary [[Ship model|shipyard model]] (today at the [[Science Museum (London)|Science Museum London]]<ref>see [http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10266025 Science and Society Picture Library]</ref>) and a drawing by [[Willem van de Velde the Elder]] (today in the [[Rijksmuseum Amsterdam]]) give a good impression how she looked. Especially her [[stern]] was extensively decorated with [[Gilding|gilded]] [[Wood carving|carvings]]. |
'''HMS ''Prince''''' (sometimes also referred to as ''Royal Prince'') was a 100-gun [[first rate]] [[ship of the line]] of the [[Royal Navy]], built by Phineas Pett the Younger at [[Deptford Dockyard]] and launched in 1670.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p161" /> A contemporary [[Ship model|shipyard model]] (today at the [[Science Museum (London)|Science Museum London]]<ref>see [http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10266025 Science and Society Picture Library]</ref>) and a drawing by [[Willem van de Velde the Elder]] (today in the [[Rijksmuseum Amsterdam]]) give a good impression how she looked. Especially her [[stern]] was extensively decorated with [[Gilding|gilded]] [[Wood carving|carvings]]. |
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During the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]] she served as a flagship of the later king [[James II of England|James II]], then [[Duke of York]] and [[List of Lords High Admiral|Lord High Admiral]].<ref>William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 2, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p300f</ref> During the [[Battle of Solebay]] (1672) she was in the centre of the English fleet that was attacked by the Dutch centre led by Admiral [[Michiel de Ruyter]]. The ''Prince'' was heavily damaged by De Ruyter's flagship ''De Zeven Provinciën'' in a two hours' duel and [[Captain of the Fleet]] Sir John Cox was killed on board. The Duke of York was forced to shift his flag to [[HMS St Michael (1669)|HMS ''St Michael'']].<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p307-308</ref> The ''Prince'''s second captain, [[John Narborough]], however conducted himself with such conspicuous valour that he won special approbation and was [[knight bachelor|knighted]] shortly afterwards. |
During the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]] she served as a flagship of the later king [[James II of England|James II]], then [[Duke of York]] and [[List of Lords High Admiral|Lord High Admiral]].<ref>William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 2, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p300f</ref> During the [[Battle of Solebay]] (1672) she was in the centre of the English fleet that was attacked by the Dutch centre led by Admiral [[Michiel de Ruyter]]. The ''Prince'' was heavily damaged by De Ruyter's flagship ''De Zeven Provinciën'' in a two hours' duel and [[Captain of the Fleet]] Sir John Cox was killed on board. The Duke of York was forced to shift his flag to [[HMS St Michael (1669)|HMS ''St Michael'']].<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p307-308</ref> The ''Prince'''s second captain, [[John Narborough]], however conducted himself with such conspicuous valour that he won special approbation and was [[knight bachelor|knighted]] shortly afterwards. |
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HMS ''Prince'' was rebuilt by Robert Lee at [[Chatham Dockyard]] in 1692, and renamed at the same time as '''HMS ''Royal William'''''. During the [[War of the Grand Alliance]] the ship saw action at the [[Battle of Barfleur]] of 19 May 1692.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p349</ref> The ''Prince'' belonged to the red squadron and carried the flag of [[Rear Admiral of the Red]] [[Cloudesley Shovell|Sir Cloudesley Shovell]]. She was the first ship to break the French line during the battle. |
HMS ''Prince'' was rebuilt by Robert Lee at [[Chatham Dockyard]] in 1692, and renamed at the same time as '''HMS ''Royal William'''''. During the [[War of the Grand Alliance]] the ship saw action at the [[Battle of Barfleur]] of 19 May 1692.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p349</ref> The ''Prince'' belonged to the red squadron and carried the flag of [[Rear Admiral of the Red]] [[Cloudesley Shovell|Sir Cloudesley Shovell]]. She was the first ship to break the French line during the battle. |
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Later she was rebuilt for a second time by John Naish at [[Portsmouth Dockyard]] from 1714, relaunching on 3 September 1719. She was laid up after her re-launch and saw no service at all until she was reduced to an 84-gun [[Second rate]] ship in 1756.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p165" /> One year later, she was part of an unsuccessful expedition against [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] led by [[Admiral (Royal Navy)|Admiral]] [[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke|Sir Edward Hawke]]. Her squadron, under Vice-Admiral [[Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet|Charles Knowles]], attacked the [[Île-d'Aix]] and forced her garrison to surrender.<ref>William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 3, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p171</ref> In 1758 she participated in [[Edward Boscawen|Boscawen's]] and [[James Wolfe|Wolfe's]] [[Siege of Louisbourg (1758)|attack]] on the French [[Fortress of Louisbourg]] ([[Nova Scotia]]) and an indecisive skirmish with a French squadron.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p185</ref> The following year the ''Royal William'' returned to Canada under the command of Captain [[Hugh Pigot (Royal Navy officer)|Hugh Pigot]] to join the attack on [[Quebec]]. After the [[Battle of the Plains of Abraham]] and the capture of Quebec she sailed back to England with the body of General Wolfe.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p206, 209</ref> In 1760 the ''Royal William'' was Boscawen's flagship when he took command of the fleet in [[Quiberon Bay]]. However, after a severe gale he was forced to return and shift his flag to the [[HMS Namur (1756)|''Namur'']].<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p231</ref> During the expedition against [[Belle Île]] of 1761 she was detached with several other ships to cruise off [[Brest, France|Brest]] and prevent a French counter-attack from there.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p235 n.</ref> |
Later she was rebuilt for a second time by John Naish at [[Portsmouth Dockyard]] from 1714, relaunching on 3 September 1719. She was laid up after her re-launch and saw no service at all until she was reduced to an 84-gun [[Second rate]] ship in 1756.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p165" /> One year later, she was part of an unsuccessful expedition against [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] led by [[Admiral (Royal Navy)|Admiral]] [[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke|Sir Edward Hawke]]. Her squadron, under Vice-Admiral [[Sir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet|Charles Knowles]], attacked the [[Île-d'Aix]] and forced her garrison to surrender.<ref>William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 3, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p171</ref> In 1758 she participated in [[Edward Boscawen|Boscawen's]] and [[James Wolfe|Wolfe's]] [[Siege of Louisbourg (1758)|attack]] on the French [[Fortress of Louisbourg]] ([[Nova Scotia]]) and an indecisive skirmish with a French squadron.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p185</ref> The following year the ''Royal William'' returned to Canada under the command of Captain [[Hugh Pigot (Royal Navy officer)|Hugh Pigot]] to join the attack on [[Quebec]]. After the [[Battle of the Plains of Abraham]] and the capture of Quebec she sailed back to England with the body of General Wolfe.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p206, 209</ref> In 1760 the ''Royal William'' was Boscawen's flagship when he took command of the fleet in [[Quiberon Bay]]. However, after a severe gale he was forced to return and shift his flag to the [[HMS Namur (1756)|''Namur'']].<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p231</ref> During the expedition against [[Belle Île]] of 1761 she was detached with several other ships to cruise off [[Brest, France|Brest]] and prevent a French counter-attack from there.<ref>Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p235 n.</ref> |
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The [[Seven Years' War]] seems to be the last time that the ''Royal William'' played an active role. She was broken up in 1813.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p165" /> |
The [[Seven Years' War]] seems to be the last time that the ''Royal William'' played an active role. She was broken up in 1813.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p165" /> |
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Revision as of 13:42, 4 December 2013
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| History | |
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 UK | |
| Name | HMS Prince |
| Ordered | June 1667 |
| Builder | Phineas Pett the Younger, Deptford Dockyard |
| Launched | 3 December 1670 |
| Commissioned | 15 January 1672 |
| Renamed | HMS Royal William, 1692 |
| Fate | Broken up, 1813 |
| General characteristics as built[1] | |
| Class and type | 100-gun first rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 1403 tons (1425.5 tonnes) |
| Length | 131 ft (40 m) (keel) |
| Beam | 44 ft 10 in (13.67 m) |
| Depth of hold | 19 ft (5.8 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full rigged ship |
| Armament | 100 guns of various weights of shot |
| General characteristics after 1692 rebuild[2] | |
| Class and type | 100-gun first rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 1588 tons (1613.5 tonnes) |
| Length | 167 ft 3 in (50.98 m) (gundeck) |
| Beam | 47 ft 2 in (14.38 m) |
| Depth of hold | 18 ft (5.5 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full rigged ship |
| Armament | 100 guns of various weights of shot |
| General characteristics after 1719 rebuild[2] | |
| Class and type | 100-gun first rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 1918 tons (1948.8 tonnes) |
| Length | 175 ft 4 in (53.44 m) (gundeck) |
| Beam | 50 ft (15 m) 3½ in (15.3 m) |
| Depth of hold | 20 ft 1 in (6.12 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full rigged ship |
| Armament | 100 guns of various weights of shot |
HMS Prince (sometimes also referred to as Royal Prince) was a 100-gun first rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Phineas Pett the Younger at Deptford Dockyard and launched in 1670.[1] A contemporary shipyard model (today at the Science Museum London[3]) and a drawing by Willem van de Velde the Elder (today in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam) give a good impression how she looked. Especially her stern was extensively decorated with gilded carvings.
During the Third Anglo-Dutch War she served as a flagship of the later king James II, then Duke of York and Lord High Admiral.[4] During the Battle of Solebay (1672) she was in the centre of the English fleet that was attacked by the Dutch centre led by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter. The Prince was heavily damaged by De Ruyter's flagship De Zeven Provinciën in a two hours' duel and Captain of the Fleet Sir John Cox was killed on board. The Duke of York was forced to shift his flag to HMS St Michael.[5] The Prince's second captain, John Narborough, however conducted himself with such conspicuous valour that he won special approbation and was knighted shortly afterwards.
HMS Prince was rebuilt by Robert Lee at Chatham Dockyard in 1692, and renamed at the same time as HMS Royal William. During the War of the Grand Alliance the ship saw action at the Battle of Barfleur of 19 May 1692.[6] The Prince belonged to the red squadron and carried the flag of Rear Admiral of the Red Sir Cloudesley Shovell. She was the first ship to break the French line during the battle.
Later she was rebuilt for a second time by John Naish at Portsmouth Dockyard from 1714, relaunching on 3 September 1719. She was laid up after her re-launch and saw no service at all until she was reduced to an 84-gun Second rate ship in 1756.[2] One year later, she was part of an unsuccessful expedition against Rochefort led by Admiral Sir Edward Hawke. Her squadron, under Vice-Admiral Charles Knowles, attacked the Île-d'Aix and forced her garrison to surrender.[7] In 1758 she participated in Boscawen's and Wolfe's attack on the French Fortress of Louisbourg (Nova Scotia) and an indecisive skirmish with a French squadron.[8] The following year the Royal William returned to Canada under the command of Captain Hugh Pigot to join the attack on Quebec. After the Battle of the Plains of Abraham and the capture of Quebec she sailed back to England with the body of General Wolfe.[9] In 1760 the Royal William was Boscawen's flagship when he took command of the fleet in Quiberon Bay. However, after a severe gale he was forced to return and shift his flag to the Namur.[10] During the expedition against Belle Île of 1761 she was detached with several other ships to cruise off Brest and prevent a French counter-attack from there.[11]
The Seven Years' War seems to be the last time that the Royal William played an active role. She was broken up in 1813.[2]
Notes
- ^ a b Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p161.
- ^ a b c d Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p165.
- ^ see Science and Society Picture Library
- ^ William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 2, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p300f
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p307-308
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 2, p349
- ^ William Laird Clowes: The Royal Navy. A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, vol. 3, London 1996 [reprint of the 1898 edition], p171
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p185
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p206, 209
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p231
- ^ Clowes: Royal Navy, vol. 3, p235 n.
References
- Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line – Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650–1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.