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| name=Ali Osman Mohammed Taha
| name=Ali Osman Mohammed Taha
| order=First [[Vice President of Sudan]]
| order=First [[Vice President of Sudan]]
| term_start=July 9, 2011
| term_start=July 9, 2011
|term_end = December 6, 2013
| president=[[Omar al-Bashir]]
| president=[[Omar al-Bashir]]
| successor=Bakri Hassan Salih
| successor=Bakri Hassan Salih

Revision as of 18:39, 9 December 2013

Ali Osman Mohammed Taha
Taha shakes hands with US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, September 2010.
First Vice President of Sudan
In office
July 9, 2011 – December 6, 2013
PresidentOmar al-Bashir
Preceded bySalva Kiir Mayardit
Succeeded byBakri Hassan Salih
Second Vice President of Sudan
In office
January 9, 2005 – July 9, 2011
PresidentOmar al-Bashir
Preceded byMoses Kacoul Machar
Succeeded byvacant
First Vice President of Sudan
In office
1998–2005
Preceded byZubair Mohamed Salih
Succeeded byJohn Garang
Foreign Minister of Sudan
In office
1995–1998
Preceded byHussein Suleiman Abu Saleh
Succeeded byMustafa Osman Ismail
Personal details
Born (1944-01-01) January 1, 1944 (age 80)
Political partyNational Congress

Ali Osman Mohammed Taha (Template:Lang-ar, also transliterated "Othman" or "Uthman") is a Sudanese politician who has been the First Vice President of Sudan since 2011. Previously he was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 1998, First Vice President from 1998 to August 2005, and Second Vice President from August 2005 to July 2011. He is a member of the National Congress Party.

Taha is a graduate of the Faculty of Law at the University of Khartoum. He then set up a private law practice before being appointed as a judge and then entering politics as a member of Sudan's parliament in the 1980s.

Taha, along with John Garang, is credited as being the co-architect of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement which brought Africa's longest civil war to an end on 9 January 2005. The agreement capped an eight-year process to stop the civil war, which since 1983 had taken 2 million lives.[1] Starting in December 2003 Taha and Garang met numerous times to finalize the peace agreement.[2]

Taha heads the Sudanese side of the Sudanese-Egyptian High Committee, which is headed on the Egyptian side by Prime Minister Ahmed Nazif and includes Ministers from both countries and aims to foster cooperation between the two countries.

Omar al-Bashir reappointed Taha as Second Vice President in May 2010 in spite of speculations that he would be replaced by a more hard-line NCP member or a Darfurian.[3] Taha is viewed as a moderate figure in the NCP regime and a possible successor to Bashir, although some have suggested that Bashir might prefer that his successor be a hard-liner.[4]

Involvement in the Darfur Crisis

Taha was responsible for handling the Darfur crisis from 2003 to 2004.[5] Community leaders in Darfur have reported that Taha holds personal ties with Musa Hilal and was instrumental in releasing Hilal from prison in 2003.[6] Taha apparently assigned Hilal the authority to recruit and command a militia group, which became known as “Quick, Light and Horrible Forces of Misteriha.”[7] Government help for Hilal was reported to be very open and was coordinated through Taha.[6] Taha was quoted as saying to commanders of the Janjaweed militia, “I don’t want one single village of Zurgas in Darfur. All the Zurga lands are yours.”[8] After an attack by the Janjaweed militia and the Armed Forces in the town of Kyla, a survivor from the Fur tribe reported that the attackers sang, “Hail the name of Allah, our orders came from Ali Usman Taha.”[9]

In 2005 Taha opposed holding trials outside Sudan after 51 individuals were accused, by a United Nations commission of inquiry, of war crimes and crimes against humanity.[10] Taha argued that doing so would “push things to degenerate rather than help people to reconcile or maintain peace.”[11] In 2008,Taha also opposed the ICC indictment of President Omar al-Bashir by arguing that, “We can’t go along with implementing the CPA or other agreements with a president that is subject to international trial.”[12] In the same year, the Associated Press quoted reliable sources saying Taha would be charged with crimes similar to those that President Omar al-Bashir had been charged with.[13] In February 2009, Taha reportedly traveled to Turkey seeking the nation’s support to save Sudan’s president, al-Bashir, from trial.[14]

Taha is mentioned several times in the application of arrest for President Omar al-Bashir, submitted by Luis Moreno Ocampo, prosecutor of the ICC. For example, Commissioner Rabeh told Janjaweed militia commanders that the General Commander in Khartoum and Taha ordered the provision of armament for the elimination of zurgas.[8] Zurga is a derogatory term for people from African tribes.[15]

Vice-president of Sudan steps down, December 6, 2013

Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir announced the resignation of First Vice-President Ali Taha, state media reported, the first move in a Cabinet reshuffle announced that brought in younger members of the ruling party. Taha held the country's second-highest political position as first vice president and was the main negotiator of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005 that brought an end to the Sudanese civil war. "[He] resigned to make space for the youth and there are no conflicts between us," state media quoted Bashir as saying on Saturday. Taha was replaced by Lieutenant General Bakri Hassan Saleh. Bashir held a meeting with ruling National Congress Party leaders to approve the Cabinet reshuffle that introduced at least five ministers from the younger generation of the ruling party. An hour after midnight on Sunday, an official announced the second vice-president as Hasbo Mohamed Abdulrahman and the parliament head as Alfateh Ezziddin. Critics of Bashir's regime have become increasingly vocal since the government slashed fuel subsidies in September, leading to the worst urban unrest of his rule. Security forces are believed to have killed more than 200 demonstrators, and more than 700 were arrested, Amnesty International said, but the government has given a toll of less than half that. Analysts said the spontaneous protests pointed to an urgent need for change by the Arab-dominated regime grappling with ethnic rebellions in Darfur, South Kordofan and Blue Nile states, dissension within its own ranks, economic crisis and international isolation.

Bashir has since talked of "reform", and repeated a call for a dialogue with all political parties, including armed rebels. Taha was considered the "first" of two vice-presidents in Bashir's administration. He led the National Islamic Front party which backed the 1989 coup that installed Bashir. He later became first vice-president but stepped aside for former rebel leader John Garang in July 2005 - a populist leader from the south that campaigned for a united Sudan - under terms of the peace deal. After Garang's death in a helicopter crash about a month later Taha continued as second vice-president, but then re-assumed the top deputy's post. Analysts last year said Taha was a possible successor to Bashir should he step down, while Hassan al-Turabi, who initially supported Bashir and then broke away to form an opposition party, saw rivalry between the president and Taha.

References

  1. ^ “Sudan’s VP and rebel leader sign comprehensive peace agreement.” Sudan Tribune. January 2005.[1]
  2. ^ “Wealth-Sharing Pact by Sudan and Rebels Seen.” The New York Times. December 2003.[2]
  3. ^ [3]
  4. ^ Ulf Laessing, "Analysis: Sudan's Bashir plays to hardliners to stem succession debate", Reuters, 3 July 2013.
  5. ^ “Sudan contemplated extraditing Darfur suspects to ICC: Official.” Sudan Tribune. June 2008 [4]
  6. ^ a b Vice-President Ali Osman Taha December, 2005
  7. ^ "Public Redacted Version of the Prosecutor's Application Under Article 58." ICC July, 2008 (80)
  8. ^ a b "Public Redacted Version of the Prosecutor's Application Under Article 58." ICC July, 2008 (84)
  9. ^ "Public Redacted Version of the Prosecutor's Application Under Article 58." ICC July, 2008 (35)
  10. ^ “Sudan insists on its courts for Darfur crimes, but others want international trials.” Sudan Tribune. Feb. 2005.[5]
  11. ^ “Sudan insists on its courts for Darfur crimes, but others want international trials.” Sudan Tribune. Feb. 2005.[6]
  12. ^ “Sudanese officials visit capitals to campaign against the ICC.” Sudan Tribune. July 2008.[7]
  13. ^ “China seeks UN resolution to suspend ICC Darfur indictments.” Sudan Tribune. July 2008.[8]
  14. ^ “Government Keeps up Defense.” Hurriyet DailyNews.com. February 2009
  15. ^ “Sudan VP Taha instrumental in mobilizing Janjaweed: ICC.” Sudan Tribune. September 2008.[9]

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