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[[File:Capanne Prison.jpg|thumb|alt=photograph|Capanne Prison in Perugia, where Knox was held from 2007 to 2011]]
[[File:Capanne Prison.jpg|thumb|alt=photograph|Capanne Prison in Perugia, where Knox was held from 2007 to 2011]]


Knox became the focus of worldwide media coverage, especially in Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Soon after arriving in prison, she was wrongly told that she was [[HIV]] positive, and prompted her to write a list of previous sexual partners, which was leaked to the media.<ref name="ibtimes 11102011">{{cite news|title=Amanda Knox Tricked into Believing She Had HIV to Extract Lovers List: New Details of Sexual Harassment in Prison| url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/228638/20111011/amanda-knox-sexual-harassment-lesbian-italian-prison-aids-hiv-positive-assault-herpes-revelation-dia.htm|accessdate=October 23, 2011|newspaper=International Business Times|date=October 11, 2011}}</ref><ref name="latimes 04112011">{{cite news|title=The scapegoating of Amanda Knox|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/oct/04/opinion/la-oe-burleigh-knox-20111004|accessdate=October 23, 2011|newspaper=Los Angeles Times| date=October 4, 2011|first=Nina|last=Burleigh}}</ref><ref name=foxy/><ref>{{cite web |title=An Innocent Abroad |author=Timothy Egan |url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/06/10/an-innocent-abroad/ |date=June 10, 2009 |accessdate=February 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Simon Cowell one of Walters' 'Fascinating People' |work=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=December 1, 2011|url=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9RBTMM80.htm}}</ref> Shortly before her trial, Knox had begun legal action against Fiorenza Sarzanini, the author of ''Amanda e gli altri'' ("Amanda and the Others"), a best-selling book about her that had been published in Italy. The book included accounts of events as imagined or invented by Sarzanini, witness transcripts not in the public domain, long excerpts from Knox's private journals, which Sarzanini had somehow obtained, and unsubstantiated details of Knox's sex life. <ref>{{cite news| first=Nick | last=Squires | title=Amanda Knox launches 11th hour bid to stall Meredith Kercher murder trial | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/4229912/Amanda-Knox-launches-11th-hour-bid-to-stall-Meredith-Kercher-murder-trial.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | date=14 January 2009}}</ref><ref name=Small>Wise, Ann. [http://abcnews.go.com/2020/AmandaKnox/small-victory-amanda-knox/story?id=10169888 "Small Victory For Amanda Knox"], ABC News, March 22, 2010.</ref><ref>Pisa, Nick. [http://news.sky.com/home/world-news/article/15578433 "Knox Wins £36k Damages Over Sex Claims"], Sky News, March 21, 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite interview|first=Kendal|last=Coffrey|interviewer=Mike Galanos|callsign=HLN|title=Prime News|date=December 4, 2009|url=http://kendallcoffey.com/documents/transcripts/amandaKnox.htm}}</ref>
Knox became the focus of worldwide media coverage, especially in Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Soon after arriving in prison, she was wrongly told that she was [[HIV]] positive and prompted to write a list of previous sexual partners, which was leaked to the media.<ref name="ibtimes 11102011">{{cite news|title=Amanda Knox Tricked into Believing She Had HIV to Extract Lovers List: New Details of Sexual Harassment in Prison| url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/228638/20111011/amanda-knox-sexual-harassment-lesbian-italian-prison-aids-hiv-positive-assault-herpes-revelation-dia.htm|accessdate=October 23, 2011|newspaper=International Business Times|date=October 11, 2011}}</ref><ref name="latimes 04112011">{{cite news|title=The scapegoating of Amanda Knox|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/oct/04/opinion/la-oe-burleigh-knox-20111004|accessdate=October 23, 2011|newspaper=Los Angeles Times| date=October 4, 2011|first=Nina|last=Burleigh}}</ref><ref name=foxy/><ref>{{cite web |title=An Innocent Abroad |author=Timothy Egan |url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/06/10/an-innocent-abroad/ |date=June 10, 2009 |accessdate=February 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Simon Cowell one of Walters' 'Fascinating People' |work=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=December 1, 2011|url=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9RBTMM80.htm}}</ref> Shortly before her trial, Knox had begun legal action against Fiorenza Sarzanini, the author of ''Amanda e gli altri'' ("Amanda and the Others"), a best-selling book about her that had been published in Italy. The book included accounts of events as imagined or invented by Sarzanini, witness transcripts not in the public domain, long excerpts from Knox's private journals, which Sarzanini had somehow obtained, and unsubstantiated details of Knox's sex life. <ref>{{cite news| first=Nick | last=Squires | title=Amanda Knox launches 11th hour bid to stall Meredith Kercher murder trial | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/4229912/Amanda-Knox-launches-11th-hour-bid-to-stall-Meredith-Kercher-murder-trial.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | date=14 January 2009}}</ref><ref name=Small>Wise, Ann. [http://abcnews.go.com/2020/AmandaKnox/small-victory-amanda-knox/story?id=10169888 "Small Victory For Amanda Knox"], ABC News, March 22, 2010.</ref><ref>Pisa, Nick. [http://news.sky.com/home/world-news/article/15578433 "Knox Wins £36k Damages Over Sex Claims"], Sky News, March 21, 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite interview|first=Kendal|last=Coffrey|interviewer=Mike Galanos|callsign=HLN|title=Prime News|date=December 4, 2009|url=http://kendallcoffey.com/documents/transcripts/amandaKnox.htm}}</ref>


=== First trial===
=== First trial===

Revision as of 06:05, 18 February 2014

Amanda Knox
Born (1987-07-09) July 9, 1987 (age 37)
Seattle, Washington, U.S.
Known forBeing convicted, acquitted, and re-convicted of the murder of Meredith Kercher.[1]

Amanda Marie Knox (born July 9, 1987) is an American woman accused of the murder of Meredith Kercher in Perugia, along with Raffaele Sollecito and Rudy Guede. Guede was convicted of the sexual assault and the murder in a separate trial and is currently serving his sentence. Knox and Sollecito were tried together, initially found guilty of the murder, spent almost four years in prison, but then were released by acquittals at a second level trial in October 2011. Knox returned to the US. Sollecito, Knox's boyfriend at the time of the murder, remained in Italy. The prosecution appealed to the Italian Supreme Court, which ordered a third trial.[2][3][4][5][6] The new trial of Knox and Sollecito began in September 2013, with Knox remaining in the US. On January 30, 2014, the court returned guilty verdicts, sentencing her to 28 years in prison.[7] In Italy a guilty verdict in a serious case is not regarded as a definitive conviction until the accused has exhausted the appeals process, irrespective of the number of times the defendant has been put on trial.[8]

Early life

Amanda Knox was raised with two younger sisters. Her mother, Edda Mellas, a maths teacher, and her father, Curt, a vice president of finance at the local Macy's, divorced when Knox was a few years old. Knox grew up in West Seattle, her stepfather, Chris, is an IT consultant. She graduated in 2005 from the Seattle Preparatory School, and began to study linguistics at the University of Washington, making the university's dean's list in early 2007.[9] Relatives later described Knox as not always able to pick up on social cues.[10] Knox had become interested in the culture of Italy while young, and went there on a family holiday when she was 15 years old. She decided to study in Perugia rather than Rome so as to mix with Italians instead of American expatriates. Her stepfather had strong reservations about Knox's going to Italy that year as he felt she was still too naïve.[11]

Meredith Kercher murder case

Main article: Murder of Meredith Kercher

In September 2007,[12] Knox moved to Perugia, Italy, to study Italian, German, and creative writing at the University for Foreigners for one year.[13] She shared a house with Meredith Kercher, a student from England, as well as two Italian women. On 25 October 2007 after going to a concert with Kercher she met and began a romantic relationship with a 23-year old Italian engineering student, Raffaele Sollecito, and began spending her nights at his apartment a short distance away.

In the late morning of November 1, 2007 Knox reported that she had returned to the house in the morning. She found feces in the toilet and a broken window, and that Kercher was not answering her door. When Kercher's bedroom door was broken open, her body was found on the floor. She had died of blood loss and suffocation caused by stab wounds to her neck. Interviewed by police, Knox said she had spent the entire night of the murder with Sollecito at his apartment. The alibi was maintained by them except in the interrogation and statements of 5–6 November, during which Knox incriminated herself and Patrick Lumumba, a bar owner she worked for. Knox, Solicito and Lumumba were arrested and charged with committing the murder of Meredith Kercher. Lumumba was released after examination of the crime scene identified forensic traces of Rudy Guede on Kercher's body. Guede, Knox and Sollecito were then charged with committing the murder together. On 30 November 2007 a panel of three judges endorsed the charges, ruled there had been no burglary, and ordered Knox and Sollecito held in detention pending a trial.[14]

Pre-trial publicity

photograph
Capanne Prison in Perugia, where Knox was held from 2007 to 2011

Knox became the focus of worldwide media coverage, especially in Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Soon after arriving in prison, she was wrongly told that she was HIV positive and prompted to write a list of previous sexual partners, which was leaked to the media.[15][16][17][18][19] Shortly before her trial, Knox had begun legal action against Fiorenza Sarzanini, the author of Amanda e gli altri ("Amanda and the Others"), a best-selling book about her that had been published in Italy. The book included accounts of events as imagined or invented by Sarzanini, witness transcripts not in the public domain, long excerpts from Knox's private journals, which Sarzanini had somehow obtained, and unsubstantiated details of Knox's sex life. [20][21][22][23]

First trial

In 2009 Knox and Sollecito pleaded not guilty at a Corte d'Assise on charges of sexual assault, murder and simulating a burglary. They requested Guede testify, but he refused.[24] American lawyers were troubled by character evidence about Knox, much of it centered on matters of a sexual nature and heard without the strenuous objections defense attorneys would have made in a US court.[25][26] Found guilty, Knox was sentenced to 26 years imprisonment, and Sollecito to 25 years. The judges' written explanation of their verdict was criticized on the grounds it contained a hypothetical motivation with no basis in the evidence: that the sight of Knox and Sollecito caressing had caused Guede to become sexually aroused and make advances to Kercher which she repulsed; and that Knox and Sollecito had then aided Guede in assaulting and murdering Kercher.[21][27][28]

Support

In late 2008, a number of Seattle-area residents, including lawyer Anne Bremner, founded the "Friends of Amanda", a support group.[17][29] Maria Cantwell, United States Senator for Washington, issued a statement on December 4, 2009, that the evidence against Knox was inadequate.[30] Gregory Hampikian, director of the Idaho Innocence Project, a non-profit investigative organization dedicated to proving the innocence of wrongly convicted people through the use of DNA testing, supported the Knox defense. In May 2011, he said forensic results from the crime scene pointed to Guede being a killer who had acted on his own.[31][32]

photograph
Amanda Knox leaving the prison in Perugia in a car with Corrado Maria Daclon, secretary general of the Italy–USA Foundation

Acquittal and release

A Corte d'Assise verdict of guilty is not a definitive conviction. An appeal trial, Corte d'Assise d'Appello, reviews the facts of the case as well as legal aspects. On October 3, 2011 Knox and Sollecito were found not guilty at their appeal trial and released. In an official statement giving their grounds for the acquittals, the judges emphasized that a court ordered independent expert review had discredited DNA evidence key to the prosecution case, while Knox and Sollecito's accounts failing to completely match did not constitute evidence they had given a false alibi. Discounting testimony from a homeless man who said that he had seen Knox and Sollecito out on the night of the murder as self-contradictory, the judges observed the witness was a heroin addict. Having noted that there was no evidence of any phone calls or texts between Knox or Sollecito and Guede, the judges concluded there was a "material non-existence" of evidence to support the guilty verdicts, and that an association among Sollecito, Knox, and Guede to commit the murder was "far from probable".[27][33][34] Knox returned to the US.[35][36] She wrote a letter to Corrado Maria Daclon the day after regaining her freedom:

To hold my hand and offer support and respect throughout the obstacles and the controversy, there were Italians. There was the Italy–USA Foundation, and many others that shared my pain and that helped me survive, with hope. I am eternally grateful for their caring hospitality and their courageous commitment. To those that wrote me, that defended me, that stood by me, that prayed for me... I am forever grateful to you.[37]

In Waiting to be Heard: A Memoir by Amanda Knox, she acknowledged having been naively out of step with Italian cultural expectations of behavior.[38]

Retrial

On March 26, 2013, Italy's highest criminal court set aside the judgement of the trial of the second degree that had acquitted Knox and Sollecito, leading to a re-trial of the appeal.[39] The retrial began on September 30, 2013, Knox remained in the US.[40] On 30 January 2014, Knox and Sollecito were found guilty. Knox was sentenced to 28½ years in prison, Sollecito received 25 years. Knox's lawyer, Luciano Ghirga, stated that she will seek to appeal to the Supreme Court of Italy.[8]

At the appeal trial which acquitted her of murder, Knox was also appealing against her conviction for defamation (calunnia) of Patrick Lumumba, who had been arrested after Knox implicated him and herself while under police interrogation. She was found guilty of calunnia by the appeal trial and the sentence was increased to three years and eleven days imprisonment.[41][42][43] She was ordered to pay restitution to Lumumba and compensate him for legal expenses incurred by being legally represented as an interested party at Knox's trial. Lumumba's lawyer had used vituperative language about her in court.[44][45][46][47][48]

Knox testifying at her trial that she had been slapped by a policewoman during the interrogation led to another calunnia charge against her in June 2010.[49] In February 2011, Knox's parents, Curt Knox and Edda Mellas, were indicted on charges of criminal slander as a result of an interview published by The Sunday Times in 2009, in which they said their daughter "had not been given an interpreter, had not received food and water, and had been physically and verbally abused" by police officers after her arrest.[50] They sought to have the charges dismissed on the grounds that there was no intent.[50][51]

Political reaction

On May 26, 2011, 11 members of the Italian parliament, led by Rocco Girlanda and all members of The People of Freedom Party founded by Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, issued a document as an act of parliament addressed to Justice Minister Angelino Alfano. The document criticized the evidence that resulted in the Knox/Sollecito guilty verdicts, and the extended detention to which they were subject.[52][53] Girlanda also addressed a letter to President Giorgio Napolitano, in Girlanda's capacity as president of the Italy–USA Foundation, in which he wrote, "These distortions, not without reason, are fuelling accusations against the administration of justice in our country."[54] Some commentators have suggested that the case becoming politicized in Italy has worked to Knox's disadvantage.[55]

Public image

Knox said that during the trial her every walk across the court room, gesture, and smile was scrutinized more carefully than the evidence.[56][57] Although many observers thought that a media image of Knox had swayed perception of the facts in the case, there were differing opinions as to whether the net effect had been favorable or damaging to her. American media were said to have painted Knox as innocent, because they were influenced by her appearance; while the Italian media, which nicknamed her "Angel face", had given sensational critiques of Knox's sexuality.[58] Nina Burleigh suggested that the person Knox had been in 2007 may not have been particularly nice, but for public opinion a pretty girl accused of murder had to be either perfect or guilty.[59]


In February 2012, Knox signed a book deal widely reported to be worth $4 million.[60] She said most of the money went to repay debts incurred by her family in her defense and the residue would be gone by 2014.[61][62]

Prospect of extradition

Jurists and legal experts have disagreed as to whether Knox, if she exhausts the appeal process and Italy invoked the relevant treaty that exists between the two countries, would be extradited to Italy.[63][64][65] According to legal and political commentator Alan Dershowitz, the US government's requirements for international cooperation in its own extradition requests are likely to outweigh any domestic political considerations, and Knox could be extradited to Italy regardless of American public opinion.[66]

Sean Casey, a former prosecutor who is now a partner at Kobre & Kim in New York, believes that under the extradition treaty between Italy and the US, extradition should not be granted as she was already acquitted for the same acts for which extradition is requested, and as double jeopardy is explicitly proscribed by the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Furthermore, Casey argues that Italian law enforcement may not seek extradition which would prolong the legal process because the "original verdict was so terribly flawed by prosecutorial overreaching," noting that the appellate court that overturned the original conviction detailed those flaws in a damning report more than 100 pages in length.[67]

Documentaries

  • A Long Way From Home: CBS 48 Hours documentary, broadcast in April 2008 in the United States[68]
  • American Girl, Italian Nightmare: CBS 48 Hours documentary, broadcast in April 2009 in the United States,[69]
  • The Trial of Amanda Knox: NBC Dateline NBC documentary, broadcast on December 4, 2009, in the United States[70]
  • The Trials of Amanda Knox: The Learning Channel documentary, broadcast on March 24, 2010, in the United States[71]
  • Beyond the Headlines: Amanda Knox: Lifetime documentary, broadcast on February 21, 2011, in the United States[72]
  • Cold Blood: Life Behind Bars For Amanda Knox: Investigation Discovery Cold Blood documentary, broadcast on April 20, 2011, in the United States[73]
  • Murder Abroad: The Amanda Knox Story: CNN Presents documentary, broadcast on May 8, 2011, in the United States[74][75]
  • Amanda Knox: The untold story, CBS 48 Hours documentary October 8, 2011, 7:45 PM[76]
  • Murder Mystery: Amanda Knox Speaks an ABC News 20/20 special interview with Diane Sawyer. Knox's first interview after being released from prison.[77]

References

  1. ^ "Amanda Knox guilty of murdering Meredith Kercher, gets 28 years". Sydney Morning Herald. January 31, 2014.
  2. ^ "Live blog: Amanda Knox to go free after jury overturns murder conviction". This Just In. CNN. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  3. ^ Rizzo, Alessandra. "After 4-year ordeal, a Seattle homecoming for Knox". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011.
  4. ^ Squires, Nick (October 3, 2011). "Amanda Knox freed: tears of joy as four-year nightmare is over". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  5. ^ "TEXT: Summary of Amanda Knox, Raffaele Sollecito Verdict". Fox News Insider. November 23, 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  6. ^ Iovane, Giorgia (October 3, 2011). "Amanda Knox e Raffaele Sollecito assolti per il delitto di Meredith: il video della sentenza". Televisionando. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  7. ^ Amanda Knox 'Frightened' By Guilty Verdict and 28 Year Sentence
  8. ^ a b Wall Street Journal, 30 January 2014 Italy Court Finds Amanda Knox Guilty of Murder of U.K. Student in Retrial
  9. ^ Oloffson, Kirsti. "Amanda Knox, Convicted of Murder in Italy", Time magazine, 4 December 2009.
  10. ^ Follain p.14
  11. ^ Follain p.15 &19
  12. ^ Williams, Olivia (September 30, 2011). "Amanda Knox Trial: Timeline". The Huffington Post UK. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  13. ^ Bell, Dan (November 23, 2010). "Who is the real 'Foxy Knoxy'?". BBC News. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  14. ^ Follain p199-200
  15. ^ "Amanda Knox Tricked into Believing She Had HIV to Extract Lovers List: New Details of Sexual Harassment in Prison". International Business Times. October 11, 2011. Retrieved October 23, 2011.
  16. ^ Burleigh, Nina (October 4, 2011). "The scapegoating of Amanda Knox". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 23, 2011.
  17. ^ a b Sherwell, Philip. "Amanda Knox: 'Foxy Knoxy' was an innocent abroad, say US supporters", The Daily Telegraph, December 5, 2009.
  18. ^ Timothy Egan (June 10, 2009). "An Innocent Abroad". Retrieved February 19, 2012.
  19. ^ "Simon Cowell one of Walters' 'Fascinating People'". Bloomberg Businessweek. December 1, 2011.
  20. ^ Squires, Nick (January 14, 2009). "Amanda Knox launches 11th hour bid to stall Meredith Kercher murder trial". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  21. ^ a b Wise, Ann. "Small Victory For Amanda Knox", ABC News, March 22, 2010.
  22. ^ Pisa, Nick. "Knox Wins £36k Damages Over Sex Claims", Sky News, March 21, 2010.
  23. ^ Coffrey, Kendal (December 4, 2009). "Prime News" (Interview). Interviewed by Mike Galanos. {{cite interview}}: Unknown parameter |callsign= ignored (help)
  24. ^ Mirabella, Julia Grace, Scales of Justice: Assessing Italian Criminal Procedure Through the Amanda Knox Trial (January 5, 2012). Boston University International Law Journal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, page 247, note 122
  25. ^ Mirabella, Julia Grace, Scales of Justice: Assessing Italian Criminal Procedure Through the Amanda Knox Trial (January 5, 2012). Boston University International Law Journal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, page 242 and 247
  26. ^ Telegraph, 8 Dec 2009, Only doubt over Amanda Knox conviction is exactly how they got it wrong
  27. ^ a b Mirabella, Julia Grace, Scales of Justice: Assessing Italian Criminal Procedure Through the Amanda Knox Trial (January 5, 2012). Boston University International Law Journal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012.
  28. ^ Vogt, Andrea (December 14, 2009). "The debate continues over Knox's guilt". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  29. ^ Dietrich, Heidi. "Questions for Anne Bremner, trial lawyer, Stafford Frey Cooper", Puget Sound Business Journal, December 5, 2008.
  30. ^ "Press Release of Senator Cantwell". Archived from the original on December 13, 2009. Retrieved December 22, 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ Sewell, Cynthia. "Boise expert: DNA shows Amanda Knox isn’t guilty"[dead link‍], Idaho Statesman, May 27, 2011.
  32. ^ Fields, Kim (October 3, 2011). "BSU professor's work helps set Amanda Knox free". Northwest Cable News. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
  33. ^ Kington, Tom (December 15, 2011). "Amanda Knox trial was flawed at every turn, says appeal judge". The Guardian. London.
  34. ^ Squires, Nick. "Amanda Knox freed: tears of joy as four-year nightmare is over", The Daily Telegraph, 4 October 2011: "A jury decided that Amanda Knox, who has spent almost four years in jail, was the victim of a miscarriage of justice following a chaotic Italian police investigation."
  35. ^ Povoledo, Elisabetta (October 3, 2011). "Amanda Knox Freed After Appeal in Italian Court". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  36. ^ Pisani, Mario, ed. (2004). Manuale di procedura penale (in Italian). Monduzzi. ISBN 8832341026. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  37. ^ "Amanda Knox's handwritten letter to supporters in Italy". Seattle: KING-TV. October 4, 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2011.
  38. ^ The Guardian, Wednesday 1 May 2013 Waiting to be Heard: A Memoir by Amanda Knox – review
  39. ^ Acohido, Byron; Lyman, Eric J. (March 26, 2013). "Amanda Knox's lawyer: 'She's ready to fight'". USA Today. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  40. ^ "Meredith Kercher murder: Amanda Knox retrial opens". BBC News. September 30, 2013. Retrieved October 3, 2013.
  41. ^ Polvoledo, Elisabetta."Amanda Knox Freed After Appeal in Italian Court", The New York Times, 3 October 2011.
  42. ^ "Amanda Knox Acquitted, Leaves Prison". ABC News. October 3, 2011. Retrieved March 31, 2013.
  43. ^ Follain, p. 366 & p. 428.
  44. ^ Follain p. 351.
  45. ^ Follain p.239
  46. ^ "Sentence of the Court of Assizes of Perugia (Presided Over by Dr. Giancarlo Massei) In the Murder of Meredith Kercher" (pdf). pp. 394–395. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  47. ^ "Amanda Knox guilty of Meredith Kercher murder". BBC News. December 5, 2009.
  48. ^ "TEXT: Summary of Amanda Knox, Raffaele Sollecito Verdict". Fox News Insider. November 23, 2009. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  49. ^ "Did Amanda Knox slander police? Second trial set to start Tuesday", KOMO-TV staff, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, May 30, 2010; also see Dempsey 2010, p. 265.
  50. ^ a b Messia, Hada (July 4, 2011). "Amanda Knox Parents' Libel Judge Resigns". CNN.
  51. ^ "Amanda Knox's parents indicted, accused of libeling Italian police". CNN. February 16, 2011.
  52. ^ "Interrogazione parlamentare al ministro Angelino Alfano", Cronaca, May 26, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  53. ^ "'Processo giusto per Amanda Knox' L'apello di Italia-Usa al president Napolitano", Cronaca, May 26, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  54. ^ "MPs: Amanda Knox Treated Unfairly", Belfast Telegraph, May 26, 2011.
  55. ^ CBS Crimesider, February 7, 2014, Was Amanda Knox a political pawn in Italian politics?
  56. ^ NY Post, September 15, 2013Amanda Knox: Trial hell left me broke and broken
  57. ^ The Guardian, 8 February 2014,Who is Amanda Knox?
  58. ^ [ Mirabella, Julia Grace, Scales of Justice: Assessing Italian Criminal Procedure Through the Amanda Knox Trial (January 5, 2012). Boston University International Law Journal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012.]
  59. ^ March 29, 2013,Time World, The Amanda Knox Haters Society: How They Learned to Hate Me Too
  60. ^ "Amanda Knox signs book deal with HarperCollins". BBC News. February 16, 2012. Retrieved February 15, 2014.
  61. ^ NY Post, September 15, 2013Amanda Knox: Trial hell left me broke and broken
  62. ^ The Guardian, 8 February 2014,Who is Amanda Knox?
  63. ^ Prof Stephen Vladeck, Prof Julian Ku,
  64. ^ The Atlantic, January 31, 2014 [1]
  65. ^ PRI, January 31, 2014 [2]
  66. ^ BBC World Service, 31 January 2014, Interview with Alan Dershowitz
  67. ^ CNN, 26 March 2013 [3]
  68. ^ "A Long Way From Home". CBS News. April 10, 2008.
  69. ^ "American girl, Italian nightmare". CBS News. April 8, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  70. ^ "The Trial of Amanda Knox". NBC News. December 4, 2009.
  71. ^ "The Trials of Amanda Knox". Discovery Communications. March 25, 2010.
  72. ^ "Amanda Knox TV Movie Draws Ire from Victim's Dad". CBS News. February 4, 2011.
  73. ^ "Cold Blood: Life Behind Bars For Amanda Knox". Discovery Communications. April 18, 2011.
  74. ^ "Murder Abroad: The Amanda Knox Story – CNN's Drew Griffin Reports". CNN Presents. CNN. April 28, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  75. ^ "Transcript". CNN Presents: Murder Abroad, The Amanda Knox Story. CNN. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  76. ^ "'48 Hours' reveals Amanda Knox's untold story". CBS News. October 8, 2011. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  77. ^ "Murder Mystery: Amanda Knox Speaks". ABC News. April 30, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.

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