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#redirect[[Surplus]]
'''Surplus economics''' is the study of [[economics]] based upon the concept that economies operate on the basis of the production of a surplus over basic needs.

==Economic Surplus==
By economic [[surplus]] is meant all production which is not essential for the continuance of existence. That is to say, all production about which there is a choice as to whether or not it is produced. The economic surplus begins when an economy is first able to produce more than it needs to survive, a surplus to its essentials.

Alternative definitions are:

# The difference between the value of a society's annual product and its socially necessary cost of production. (Davis, p.1)
# The range of [[economic freedom]] at its [society's] disposal, extent able to engage in socially discretionary spending that satisfies more than the basic needs of its producers. (Dawson & Foster in Davis, p.45)
# Income minus essential consumption requirements. (Lippit in Davis p.81)
# The difference between what a society can produce and what a society must produce to reproduce itself. (Standfield in Davis, p.131)

==See also==
* [[Economic surplus]]
* [[Scarcity rent]]
* [[Georgism]]

==References==
* ''Monopoly capital: an essay on the American economic and social order'', Paul A. Baran and Paul M. Sweezy
* ''The Economic surplus in advanced economies'', John B. Davis (Ed)
* ''The economic surplus and neo-Marxism'', Ron J. Stanfield

==Further reading==
* [[Henry George]], ''[[Progress and Poverty]]'' [http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/George/grgPP.html]
* What is Surplus Economics? [http://surplus-economics.host-ed.me/wp/]

[[Category:Heterodox economics]]

Revision as of 06:55, 1 March 2014

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