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Fort Chipewyan is one of the oldest [[Europe]]an settlements in the Province of [[Alberta]]. It was established as a trading post by [[Peter Pond]] of the [[North West Company]] in 1788.<ref name="est"/> The fort was named after the [[Chipewyan people]] living in the area. One of the establishers of the fort, [[Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne]], always had a taste for literature, as was seen years later when he opened correspondence with traders all over the north and west, asking for descriptions of scenery, adventure, folklore and history. He also had in view the founding of a library at the fort, which would not be only for the immediate residents of Fort Chipewyan, but for traders and clerks of the whole region tributary to Lake Athabaska, so that it would be what he called, in an imaginative and somewhat jocular vein, "the little [[Athens]] of the [[Arctic]] regions." This library became, perhaps, the most famous in the whole extent of [[Rupert's Land]].<ref>The Rev George Boyce, MacKenzie - Selkirk - Simpson - The Makers of Canada [http://books.google.com/books?id=p_ZFq1JRuz0C&pg=RA1-PA26&lpg=RA1-PA26&dq=%22The+little+Athens+of+the+Arctic+regions%22+Fort+Chipewyan&source=bl&ots=vHuusxCAlW&sig=MJ7FrI0QIE7f6AFHBK2R5UpFuIM&hl=el&ei=gD0VTcDpAYr0sgb0xJz6DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22The%20little%20Athens%20of%20the%20Arctic%20regions%22%20Fort%20Chipewyan&f=false]</ref><ref>http://www.electricscotland.com/history/canada/makers/mackenzie3.htm</ref><ref>Campbell, Wilfred; Bryce, George, "The Scotsman in Canada", Toronto, Musson Book Co.,1911 [http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:h4Qj8Zx06PYJ:www.archive.org/stream/scotsmanincanada02campuoft/scotsmanincanada02campuoft_djvu.txt+%22The+little+Athens+of+the+Arctic+regions%22+Fort+Chipewyan&cd=4&hl=el&ct=clnk]</ref> From about 1815 to 1821 the [[Hudson's Bay Company]] maintained a competing Fort [[Andrew Colvile|Wedderburn]] on Coal Island a mile and a half from the North West Company's fort.<ref>James Raffan, "Emperor of the North :Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company", 2007, pages 108-119,</ref> |
Fort Chipewyan is one of the oldest [[Europe]]an settlements in the Province of [[Alberta]]. It was established as a trading post by [[Peter Pond]] of the [[North West Company]] in 1788.<ref name="est"/> The fort was named after the [[Chipewyan people]] living in the area. One of the establishers of the fort, [[Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne]], always had a taste for literature, as was seen years later when he opened correspondence with traders all over the north and west, asking for descriptions of scenery, adventure, folklore and history. He also had in view the founding of a library at the fort, which would not be only for the immediate residents of Fort Chipewyan, but for traders and clerks of the whole region tributary to Lake Athabaska, so that it would be what he called, in an imaginative and somewhat jocular vein, "the little [[Athens]] of the [[Arctic]] regions." This library became, perhaps, the most famous in the whole extent of [[Rupert's Land]].<ref>The Rev George Boyce, MacKenzie - Selkirk - Simpson - The Makers of Canada [http://books.google.com/books?id=p_ZFq1JRuz0C&pg=RA1-PA26&lpg=RA1-PA26&dq=%22The+little+Athens+of+the+Arctic+regions%22+Fort+Chipewyan&source=bl&ots=vHuusxCAlW&sig=MJ7FrI0QIE7f6AFHBK2R5UpFuIM&hl=el&ei=gD0VTcDpAYr0sgb0xJz6DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22The%20little%20Athens%20of%20the%20Arctic%20regions%22%20Fort%20Chipewyan&f=false]</ref><ref>http://www.electricscotland.com/history/canada/makers/mackenzie3.htm</ref><ref>Campbell, Wilfred; Bryce, George, "The Scotsman in Canada", Toronto, Musson Book Co.,1911 [http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:h4Qj8Zx06PYJ:www.archive.org/stream/scotsmanincanada02campuoft/scotsmanincanada02campuoft_djvu.txt+%22The+little+Athens+of+the+Arctic+regions%22+Fort+Chipewyan&cd=4&hl=el&ct=clnk]</ref> From about 1815 to 1821 the [[Hudson's Bay Company]] maintained a competing Fort [[Andrew Colvile|Wedderburn]] on Coal Island a mile and a half from the North West Company's fort.<ref>James Raffan, "Emperor of the North :Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company", 2007, pages 108-119,</ref> |
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== Environment == |
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The environment in Fort Chipewyan is being severly affeted from the [[Athabasca Oil Sands]]. Many people in the village are being diagnosted with various cancers. These cases of cancer are at significantly higher levels than what would normally be expected. |
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== Economy == |
== Economy == |
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Revision as of 18:05, 3 March 2014
Fort Chipewyan | |
|---|---|
 Aerial view of Fort Chipewyan | |
| Country |  Canada |
| Province |  Alberta |
| Region | Northern Alberta |
| Census division | 16 |
| Specialized municipality | R.M. of Wood Buffalo |
| Settled | 1788[1] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Unincorporated |
| • Mayor | Sandy Bowman |
| • Governing body | Wood Buffalo Municipal Council
|
| Area (2011)[2] | |
• Total | 10.23 km2 (3.95 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 221 m (725 ft) |
| Population (2011)[2] | |
• Total | 847 |
| Time zone | UTC−7 (MST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−6 (MDT) |
| Postal code | |
| Area code | +1-780 |
Fort Chipewyan /ˈtʃɪp[invalid input: '(ə)']waɪən/, commonly referred to as Fort Chip, is a hamlet in northern Alberta, Canada, within the Regional Municipality (R.M.) of Wood Buffalo.[4] It is located on the western tip of Lake Athabasca, adjacent to Wood Buffalo National Park, approximately 223 kilometres (139 mi) north of Fort McMurray.
Fort Chipewyan is one of the oldest European settlements in the Province of Alberta. It was established as a trading post by Peter Pond of the North West Company in 1788.[1] The fort was named after the Chipewyan people living in the area. One of the establishers of the fort, Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne, always had a taste for literature, as was seen years later when he opened correspondence with traders all over the north and west, asking for descriptions of scenery, adventure, folklore and history. He also had in view the founding of a library at the fort, which would not be only for the immediate residents of Fort Chipewyan, but for traders and clerks of the whole region tributary to Lake Athabaska, so that it would be what he called, in an imaginative and somewhat jocular vein, "the little Athens of the Arctic regions." This library became, perhaps, the most famous in the whole extent of Rupert's Land.[5][6][7] From about 1815 to 1821 the Hudson's Bay Company maintained a competing Fort Wedderburn on Coal Island a mile and a half from the North West Company's fort.[8]
Environment
The environment in Fort Chipewyan is being severly affeted from the Athabasca Oil Sands. Many people in the village are being diagnosted with various cancers. These cases of cancer are at significantly higher levels than what would normally be expected.
Economy
Tourism plays a key role in Fort Chipewyan's economy, especially in the summer months.
Demographics
The population of Fort Chipewyan in 2012 was 1,008 according to a municipal census conducted by the R.M of Wood Buffalo.[9]
As a designated place in the 2011 Census, Fort Chipewyan had a population of 847 living in 302 of its 358 total dwellings, a 12% change from its 2006 population of 756. With a land area of 10.23 km2 (3.95 sq mi), it had a population density of 82.80/km2 (214.44/sq mi) in 2011.[2]
The hamlet had a population of 902 living on a land area of 10.24 square kilometres (3.95 sq mi) as of the 2001 census.[10]
The hamlet's population is predominantly made up of Cree First Nations, Chipewyan (Dene) First Nations, and Metis people.
Transportation
Air
The hamlet is served by the Fort Chipewyan Airport. Air is one of two methods of access to Fort Chipewyan in the summer.[11]
Water
In the summer, the hamlet also can be accessed by boat[11] from Fort McMurray via the Athabasca River.
Road
There are no all-weather roads to Fort Chipewyan, but it can be reached via winter roads in the winter.[11] These include roads from Fort Smith to the north and from Fort McMurray to the south. Although the Alberta government has previously conducted studies on all-weather road access, no action has been taken.[citation needed] In December 2005, one-third of Fort Chipewyan's residents signed a petition to request the government to build a 50 km (31 mi) all-weather road to connect with existing roads to the northwest that provide access to Fort Smith, Northwest Territories.[citation needed] The major expenditure would be a bridge over the Slave River.
Climate
Fort Chipewyan has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) with long, very cold, dry winters and short, warm, wetter summers..
| Climate data for Fort Chipewyan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
11 (52) |
14.5 (58.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
32 (90) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34 (93) |
34 (93) |
29 (84) |
26.5 (79.7) |
17 (63) |
8.8 (47.8) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −17.6 (0.3) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−5 (23) |
5.8 (42.4) |
14.8 (58.6) |
20.2 (68.4) |
22.6 (72.7) |
20.7 (69.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
3.7 (38.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −23.2 (−9.8) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.7 (62.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
8.2 (46.8) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−11.3 (11.7) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −28.7 (−19.7) |
−25.2 (−13.4) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−6 (21) |
2.4 (36.3) |
8.1 (46.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
8.9 (48.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−25.8 (−14.4) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50 (−58) |
−46.7 (−52.1) |
−43.5 (−46.3) |
−34.1 (−29.4) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−4 (25) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−30 (−22) |
−39 (−38) |
−47.8 (−54.0) |
−50 (−58) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.3 (0.76) |
15.7 (0.62) |
17.8 (0.70) |
18.5 (0.73) |
25.3 (1.00) |
51.7 (2.04) |
70.8 (2.79) |
47.6 (1.87) |
38.4 (1.51) |
34 (1.3) |
29.1 (1.15) |
23.7 (0.93) |
391.9 (15.43) |
| Source: Environment Canada[12] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- ^ a b Athabasca Tribal Council - Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation
- ^ a b c "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and designated places, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
- ^ "Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town)" (PDF) (PDF). Safety Codes Council. January 2012. pp. 212–215 (PDF pages 226–229). Retrieved October 8, 2013.
- ^ Alberta Municipal Affairs (2010-04-01). "Specialized and Rural Municipalities and Their Communities" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-07-10.
- ^ The Rev George Boyce, MacKenzie - Selkirk - Simpson - The Makers of Canada [1]
- ^ http://www.electricscotland.com/history/canada/makers/mackenzie3.htm
- ^ Campbell, Wilfred; Bryce, George, "The Scotsman in Canada", Toronto, Musson Book Co.,1911 [2]
- ^ James Raffan, "Emperor of the North :Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company", 2007, pages 108-119,
- ^ "Municipal Census 2012: Count Yourself In!" (PDF). Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. p. 24. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
- ^ Statistics Canada (Census 2001). "Wood Buffalo Regional Municipality - Population counts".
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|year=(help)CS1 maint: year (link) - ^ a b c "Fort Chipewyan". Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
- ^ Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000, accessed 24 July 2009
Places adjacent to Fort Chipewyan | |
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