Flora of India: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 22:40, 13 March 2014
Wildlife of India |
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The Flora of India is one of the richest of the world due to a wide range of climate, topology and environments in the country. It is thought there are over 15000 species of flowering plants in India,which account for 6 percent of the total plant species in the world . Due to the wide range of climatic conditions, India holds rich variety of flora that no other country can boast of. India covers more than 45,000 species of flora, out of which there are several species that are not found anywhere else. Since ancient times, use of plants as a source of medicines has been the inherent part of life in India. There are more than 3000 officially documented plants in India that holds great medicinal potential. India comprises seven percent of world's flora. India is divided into main eight floristic regions namely - Western Himalayas, Eastern Himalayas, Assam, Indus plain, Ganga plain, the Deccan, the Malabar and the Andamans.
Non flowering plants with hopeless seeds
Horsetails
Club Moss and Liverworts
Conifers
Gymnospermous types
.
Pine, fir, spruce, cedar, larch and cypress are the famous timber-yielding plants of which several also occur widely in the hilly regions of India
Other conifers and trees
Ferns
Whisk Ferns
- Psilotaceae
- Psilotum nudum (Western Ghats, Central India and northeast India)
- Psilotum complanatum Sw. Nicobar Islands[1]
Flowering plants, monocot and dicot seeds
Aquatic and semi-aquatic herbs
Palms and Woody shrubs
Trees, shrubs and the largest flower family
- Acanthaceae
- Asclepiadaceae .sf
- Apocynaceae
- Asteraceae
- Bignoniaceae
- Boraginaceae
- Buddlejaceae
- Campanulaceae
- Caprifoliaceae
- Convolvulaceae
- Cuscutaceae
- Dipsacaceae
- Gentianaceae
- Gesneriaceae
- Globulariaceae
- Goodeniaceae
- Hydrophyllaceae
- Lamiaceae
- Lentibulariaceae
- Lennoaceae
- Loganiaceae
- Menyanthaceae
- Myoporaceae
- Oleaceae
- Orobanchaceae
- Pedaliaceae
- Plantaginaceae
- Polemoniaceae
- Rubiaceae
- Scrophulariaceae
- Solanaceae
- Valerianaceae
- Verbenaceae
Flowers, herbs, cactus and succulents
- Aizoaceae
- Amaranthaceae
- Basellaceae
- Cactaceae
- Caryophyllaceae
- Chenopodiaceae
- Didiereaceae
- Molluginaceae
- Nyctaginaceae
- Phytolaccaceae
- Plumbaginaceae
- Polygonaceae
- Portulacaceae
Grasses and sedge
- Commelinaceae
- Pampas Grass
- Cyperaceae
- Eriocaulaceae
- Joinvilleaceae
- Juncaceae
- Poaceae
- Typhaceae
Trees, shrubs, herbs and vegetables
- Bataceae
- Begoniaceae
- Bixaceae
- Bombacaceae
- Brassicaceae
- Capparaceae
- Caricaceae
- Cistaceae
- Clusiaceae
- Cucurbitaceae
- Dilleniaceae
- Droseraceae
- Ebenaceae
- Elaeocarpaceae
- Epacridaceae
- Ericaceae
- Flacourtiaceae
- Fouquieriaceae
- Lecythidaceae
- Loasaceae
- Malvaceae
- Marcgraviaceae
- Monotropaceae
- Moringaceae
- Myrsinaceae
- Nepenthaceae
- Ochnaceae
- Paeoniaceae
- Passifloraceae
- Primulaceae
- Pyrolaceae
- Salicaceae
- Sapotaceae
- Sarcolaenaceae
- Sarraceniaceae
- Sterculiaceae
- Styracaceae
- Tamaricaceae
- Theaceae
- Theophrastaceae
- Tiliaceae
- Turneraceae
- Violaceae
Wind pollinated
- Betulaceae
- Cannabaceae
- Casuarinaceae
- Cecropiaceae
- Fagaceae
- Hamamelidaceae
- Juglandaceae
- Moraceae
- Myricaceae
- Platanaceae
- Ulmaceae
- Urticaceae
Showy flowers, Lilies
- Agavaceae
- Aloeaceae
- Burmanniaceae
- Dioscoreaceae
- Haemodoraceae
- Hanguanaceae
- Iridaceae
- Liliaceae
- Orchidaceae
- Pontederiaceae
- Smilacaceae
- Taccaceae
- Xanthorrhoeaceae
Woody, herbs, flowers and trees
- Aristolochiaceae
- Annonaceae
- False Ashoka / Mast tree Polyalthia longifolia
- Berberidaceae
- Calycanthaceae
- Chloranthaceae
- Coriariaceae
- Fumariaceae
- Grossulariaceae
- Hernandiaceae
- Illiciaceae
- Lauraceae
- Magnoliaceae
- Menispermaceae
- Myristicaceae
- Nelumbonaceae
- Nymphaeaceae
- Papaveraceae
- Piperaceae
- Ranunculaceae
- Saururaceae
- Winteraceae
Trees, shrubs, lianas, showy flowers, succulents
- Aceraceae
- Anacardiaceae
- Apiaceae
- Aquifoliaceae
- Araliaceae
- Balsaminaceae
- Buxaceae
- Caesalpiniaceae
- Celastraceae
- Chrysobalanaceae
- Cneoraceae
- Combretaceae
- Corynocarpaceae
- Connaraceae
- Cornaceae
- Crassulaceae
- Dichapetalaceae
- Elaeagnaceae
- Erythroxylaceae
- Euphorbiaceae
- (Phyllanthus emblica), Indian gooseberry
- Fabaceae
- Garryaceae
- Geraniaceae
- Grossulariaceae
- Gunneraceae
- Hippocastanaceae
- Hydrangeaceae
- Icacinaceae
- Leeaceae
- Limnanthaceae
- Linaceae
- Lythraceae
- Malpighiaceae
- Melastomataceae
- Meliaceae
- Mimosaceae
- Myrtaceae
- Olacaceae
- Onagraceae
- Oxalidaceae
- Pittosporaceae
- Polygalaceae
- Proteaceae
- Punicaceae
- Rafflesiaceae
- Rhamnaceae
- Rhizophoraceae
- Rosaceae
- Rutaceae
- Sapindaceae
- Santalaceae
- Saxifragaceae
- Simaroubaceae
- Sonneratiaceae
- Surianaceae
- Thymelaeaceae
- Tropaeolaceae
- Vitaceae
- Viscaceae
- Zygophyllaceae
Tropical coarse shrubs often brightly coloured
References
- ^ Chuahan, Nidhi (25 July 2003). "Psilotum complanatum Sw., a rare epiphytic fern ally of Great Nicobar Island: Exploration and habitat monitoring" (PDF). Current Science. 85 (2): 193–197. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
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- SPECIES CHECKLIST: Species Diversity in India; ENVIS Centre: Wildlife & Protected Areas (Secondary Database); Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
- ENVIS Centre: Wildlife & Protected Areas (Secondary Database); Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
- Free EBOOK: Special Habitats and Threatened Plants of India; Wildlife Institute of India (WII)
- ENVIS Centre on Conservation of Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sights of India; ENVIS; C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre is a Centre of Excellence of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.
External links
- List of Indian medicinal plants on the Biodiversity of India website. A list of 932 commercially traded Indian medicinal plants (as per the ENVIS-FRLHT database) and their taxonomic status.
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 1
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 2
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 3
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 4
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 5
- Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 6
- Flora of Andhra Pradesh By Sharfudding Khan
- Flora of Andhra Pradesh by RD Reddy