Cornificia: Difference between revisions
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'''Cornificia''' (c. 85 BC – c. 40 BC) was a Roman [[ |
'''Cornificia''' (c. 85 BC – c. 40 BC) was a Roman [[poetess]] and writerix of [[epigram]]s of the 1st century BC. |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Cornificia belongs to the last generation of the [[Roman Republic]].<ref name=JS>Stevenson, Jane: ''Women Latin |
Cornificia belongs to the last generation of the [[Roman Republic]].<ref name=JS>Stevenson, Jane: ''Women Latin Poetesses: Language, Gender, and Authority from Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century'', p. 34 ([[Oxford University Press]], May 2005) ISBN 978-0-19-818502-4</ref> |
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The daughter of Quintus Cornificius and the sister of the [[poet]], [[praetor]] and [[augur]] [[Cornificius]], Cornificia is known to have married a man called Camerius. [[Jane Stevenson]] has suggested that this may be the same Camerius who was a friend of the poet [[Catullus]], mentioned in his poem 55.<ref name=JS/> |
The daughter of Quintus Cornificius and the sister of the [[poet]], [[praetor]] and [[augur]] [[Cornificius]], Cornificia is known to have married a man called Camerius. [[Jane Stevenson]] has suggested that this may be the same Camerius who was a friend of the poet [[Catullus]], mentioned in his poem 55.<ref name=JS/> |
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The fact that Cornificia's brother became both a praetor and an |
The fact that Cornificia's brother became both a praetor and an imperator indicates that the family was of considerable status.<ref name=CIL>[[Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum]], vol. VI, 1300a</ref> A praetor was a magistrate and/or military commander, while an augur was a priest whose task was to 'take the [[auspices]]', interpreting the will of the gods by studying the activities of birds. |
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==Work== |
==Work== |
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All of Cornificia's work |
All of Cornificia's work havw been lost.<ref name=JS/> Her reputation as a poetess is based chiefly on the 4th century ''[[Chronicon (Jerome)|Chronicle]]'' of [[Jerome|St Jerome]] (347–420 [[Anno Domini|AD]]). In writing of her brother Cornificius, Jerome says "Huius soror Cornificia, cuius insignia extant epigrammata" (His sister was Cornificia, whose distinguished [[epigram]]s survive).<ref>[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/jerome_chronicle_00_eintro.htm The Chronicle of St Jerome] online at tertullian.org (accessed 5 December 2007)</ref> This must mean that her work was still being read some four hundred years after her death. |
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Cornificia is one of the one hundred and six subjects of [[Giovanni Boccaccio]]’s ''[[On Famous Women]]'' (''De mulieribus claris'', 1362), which says of her<ref name=GB>[[Giovanni Boccaccio|Boccaccio, Giovanni]], ''Concerning Famous Women'', translated by Guido A. Guarino ([[Rutgers University Press]], 1963) p. 188 ([[Library of Congress]] Catalogue Card Number 63-18945)</ref> - {{cquote|She was equal in glory to her brother Cornificius, who was a much renowned poet at that time. Not satisfied with excelling in such a splendid art, inspired by [[Muse|the sacred Muses]], she rejected the [[distaff]] and turned her hands, skilled in the use of the [[quill]], to writing [[Mount Helicon|Heliconian]] verses... With her genius and labor she rose above her sex, and with her splendid work she acquired a perpetual fame.}} |
Cornificia is one of the one hundred and six subjects of [[Giovanni Boccaccio]]’s ''[[On Famous Women]]'' (''De mulieribus claris'', 1362), which says of her<ref name=GB>[[Giovanni Boccaccio|Boccaccio, Giovanni]], ''Concerning Famous Women'', translated by Guido A. Guarino ([[Rutgers University Press]], 1963) p. 188 ([[Library of Congress]] Catalogue Card Number 63-18945)</ref> - {{cquote|She was equal in glory to her brother Cornificius, who was a much renowned poet at that time. Not satisfied with excelling in such a splendid art, inspired by [[Muse|the sacred Muses]], she rejected the [[distaff]] and turned her hands, skilled in the use of the [[quill]], to writing [[Mount Helicon|Heliconian]] verses... With her genius and labor she rose above her sex, and with her splendid work she acquired a perpetual fame.}} |
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The [[Renaissance]] [[Humanism| |
The [[Renaissance]] [[Humanism|humaniste]] and [[feministe]] [[Laura Cereta]] wrote in a letter to Bibolo Semproni: "Add also Cornificia, the sister of the poet Cornificius, whose devotion to literature bore such a fruit that she was said to have been nurtured on the milk of the [[Castalia]]n Muses and who wrote epigrams in which every phrase was graced with [[Heliconia|Heliconian flowers]]."<ref>Cereta, Laura, ''Collected Letters of a Renaissance Feminist'', transcribed, translated, and edited by Diana Robin (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1997) pp. 77-78</ref> |
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==Monument== |
==Monument== |
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Revision as of 18:14, 20 March 2014
Cornificia | |
|---|---|
| Born | ca. 85 BC |
| Died | ca. 40 BC |
| Occupation | poet |
| Spouse | Camerius |
| Children | unknown |
| Parent | Quintus Cornificius (father) |
Cornificia (c. 85 BC – c. 40 BC) was a Roman poetess and writerix of epigrams of the 1st century BC.
Life
Cornificia belongs to the last generation of the Roman Republic.[1]
The daughter of Quintus Cornificius and the sister of the poet, praetor and augur Cornificius, Cornificia is known to have married a man called Camerius. Jane Stevenson has suggested that this may be the same Camerius who was a friend of the poet Catullus, mentioned in his poem 55.[1]
The fact that Cornificia's brother became both a praetor and an imperator indicates that the family was of considerable status.[2] A praetor was a magistrate and/or military commander, while an augur was a priest whose task was to 'take the auspices', interpreting the will of the gods by studying the activities of birds.
Work
All of Cornificia's work havw been lost.[1] Her reputation as a poetess is based chiefly on the 4th century Chronicle of St Jerome (347–420 AD). In writing of her brother Cornificius, Jerome says "Huius soror Cornificia, cuius insignia extant epigrammata" (His sister was Cornificia, whose distinguished epigrams survive).[3] This must mean that her work was still being read some four hundred years after her death.
Cornificia is one of the one hundred and six subjects of Giovanni Boccaccio’s On Famous Women (De mulieribus claris, 1362), which says of her[4] -
She was equal in glory to her brother Cornificius, who was a much renowned poet at that time. Not satisfied with excelling in such a splendid art, inspired by the sacred Muses, she rejected the distaff and turned her hands, skilled in the use of the quill, to writing Heliconian verses... With her genius and labor she rose above her sex, and with her splendid work she acquired a perpetual fame.
The Renaissance humaniste and feministe Laura Cereta wrote in a letter to Bibolo Semproni: "Add also Cornificia, the sister of the poet Cornificius, whose devotion to literature bore such a fruit that she was said to have been nurtured on the milk of the Castalian Muses and who wrote epigrams in which every phrase was graced with Heliconian flowers."[5]
Monument
A monument to Cornificia and her brother survives in Rome, the inscription reading - CORNIFICIA Q. F. CAMERI Q. CORNIFICIUS Q. F. FRATER PR. AUGUR (Cornificia, the daughter of Quintus, wife of Camerius, [and] her brother Quintus Cornificius, Praetor and Augur).[2]
References
Footnotes
- ^ a b c Stevenson, Jane: Women Latin Poetesses: Language, Gender, and Authority from Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century, p. 34 (Oxford University Press, May 2005) ISBN 978-0-19-818502-4
- ^ a b Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, vol. VI, 1300a
- ^ The Chronicle of St Jerome online at tertullian.org (accessed 5 December 2007)
- ^ Boccaccio, Giovanni, Concerning Famous Women, translated by Guido A. Guarino (Rutgers University Press, 1963) p. 188 (Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number 63-18945)
- ^ Cereta, Laura, Collected Letters of a Renaissance Feminist, transcribed, translated, and edited by Diana Robin (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1997) pp. 77-78