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[[Image:Darbarudaipur1878a.jpg|thumb|right|The Court of Sisodia during the late 19:th century]]
[[Image:Darbarudaipur1878a.jpg|thumb|right|[The Court of Sisodia during the late 19:th century]]
⚫
The '''Sisodia''' (also known as '''Shishodya''' or '''Sisodya''' or '''Sisodhya''') are a [[Rajput]] clan who ruled the kingdom of [[Mewar]] in [[Rajasthan]].


⚫
The '''Sisodia''' (also known as '''Shishodya''' or '''Sisodya''' or '''Sisodhya''') are a [[Rajput]] clan who ruled the kingdom of [[Mewar]] in [[Rajasthan]].
They trace their descent from [[Bappa Rawal]], purported scion of the '''Guhilot''' or '''Guhila''' clan, who established himself as ruler of Mewar in [[734]] AD, ruling from the fortress of [[Chittor]] (or Chittorgarh).


In 1303, Chittor was captured after a long siege by the [[Alauddin Khilji]], sultan of [[Sultanate of Delhi|Delhi]].
They trace their descent from [[Bappa Rawal]], of the '''Guhilot''' or '''Guhila''' clan, who established himself as ruler of Mewar in [[734]], ruling from the fortress-city of [[Chittaur]] (or Chittaurgarh). Chittaurgarh was captured after a long siege by the [[Ala ud din Khilji]], [[Sultanate of Delhi]], in [[1303]].


[[Hamir Singh]] ([[1326]]-[[1364]]) recaptured Chittaurgarh in [[1326]], and was the first ruler of the clan to use the royal title of "Rana." He changed the family name to Sisodia, derived from Sisoda, the name of the village where he was born. [[Rana Kumbha]] (1433-1468) expanded the kingdom and established a system of forts to secure its boundaries. He made Mewar the most powerful Rajput state of the period. [[Rana Sanga]] (1509-1527) sought to free northern India from the Sultanate, and convinced [[Babur]], founder of the [[Mughal]] dynasty, to challenge Sultan [[Ibrahim Lodi]]. Babur defeated Ibrahim at the [[First Battle of Panipat]], and Rana Sangha then led an assembled Rajput army to drive Babur away and to recapture [[Delhi]] from the Muslims, who had ruled there since the end of the 12th century. Rana Sanga was defeated by Babur at the [[Battle of Khanua]], and Mewar was forced to pay tribute to the Mughals.
[[Maharana Hammir|Hamir Singh]] ([[1326]]-[[1364]]) recaptured Chittaurgarh in [[1326]], and was the first ruler of the clan to use the title ''rana'' (king). He changed the family name to Sisodia, after the village where he was born. [[Rana Kumbha]] (1433-1468) expanded the kingdom and established a system of fortresses to secure its boundaries, and made Mewar the most powerful Rajput state of the period. [[Rana Sangha]] (1509-1527), sought to free northern India from the Sultanate, and convinced [[Babur]], founder of the [[Mughal]] dynasty, to challenge Sultan [[Ibrahim Lodi]]. Babur defeated Ibrahim at the [[First Battle of Panipat]], and Rana Sangha then led an assembled Rajput army to drive Babur away and to recapture [[Delhi]] from the Muslims, who had ruled there since the end of the 12th century. Rana Sangha was defeated by Babur at the [[Battle of Khanua]], and Mewar was forced to pay tribute to the Mughals.


The struggle between Babur's successor [[Humayun]] and the [[Suri Dynasty]] allowed Mewar to regain its independence for several decades. Humayun's successor [[Akbar]] brought most of the Rajput states under his rule by force or by dynastic marriage, but the Sisodias refused, and Akbar sent an army headed by the Rajput general [[Raja Man Singh]] of the [[Kachwaha]] clan. After the capture of Chittaur by the emperor [[Akbar]] in [[1568]], [[Rana Udai Singh II]] (1537-1572) shifted the capital to the more defensible site of [[Udaipur, Rajasthan|Udaipur]], which he had founded shortly before the fall of Chittaur. [[Rana Pratap Singh]] (1572-1596) led a [[guerrilla warfare|guerrilla war]] against the occupying armies of the Mughals and their Rajput allies. After the Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] attacked the neighboring kingdom of [[Marwar]] in 1679, the Sisodias formed a triple alliance with the [[Rathore]]s of Marwar and the Kachwahas of [[Jaipur]] to liberate the Rajputs from the Mughals.
The struggle between Babur's successor [[Humayun]] and the [[Suri Dynasty]] allowed Mewar to regain its independence for several decades. Humayun's successor [[Akbar]] brought most of the Rajput states under his rule by force or by dynastic marriage, but the Sisodias refused, and Akbar sent an army headed by the Rajput General [[Raja Man Singh]] of the [[Kachwaha]] clan. After the capture of Chittaur by the emperor [[Akbar]] in [[1568]], [[Rana Udai Singh II]] (1537-1572) shifted the capital to the more defensible site of [[Udaipur, Rajasthan|Udaipur]], which he had founded shortly before the fall of Chittaur. [[Rana Pratap Singh]] (1572-1596) led a [[guerrilla warfare|guerrilla war]] against the occupying armies of the Mughals and their Rajput allies. After the Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] attacked the neighboring kingdom of [[Marwar]] in 1679, the Sisodias formed a triple alliance with the [[Rathore]]s of Marwar and the Kachwahas of [[Jaipur]] to liberate the Rajputs from the Mughals.
Bhim Singh (1777-1828) was the first ruler to use the title ''maharana'' (great king). A branch of the family ruled the state of [[Barwani]] in present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]]. After India became independent in 1947, Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh acceded to the Government of India in 1948. The Sisodias still retain their royal titles and Maharana Arvind Singh of Udaipur is still the "royal officiator of Udaipur" (2005).
Bhim Singh (1777-1828) was the first ruler to use the title ''maharana'' (great king). A branch of the family ruled the state of [[Barwani]] in present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]]. After India became independent in 1947, Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh acceded to the Government of India in 1948. The Sisodias still retain their royal titles and Maharana Arvind Singh of [[Udaipur, Rajasthan|Udaipur]] is still the "royal officiator of Udaipur" (2005).


==Sisodia rulers of Mewar==
==Sisodia ranas and maharanas of Mewar==
*Rana Hamir Singh (1326-1364)
*Rana Hamir Singh (1326-1364)
*Rana Kshetra Singh (1364-1382)
*Rana Kshetra Singh (1364-1382)
Line 47: Line 46:
*Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh (1930-1955). In 1948, the Maharana acceded his state to the [[Government of India]].
*Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh (1930-1955). In 1948, the Maharana acceded his state to the [[Government of India]].
*Maharana Bhagwat Singh (1955-1985)
*Maharana Bhagwat Singh (1955-1985)
*Maharana Arvind Singh (1985-present)
*Maharana Mahendra Singh (1985 onwards), Arvind Singh is the younger brother

⚫
==The Sisodia coat of arms==
The Mewar flag is disinguished by its crimson flag. During both times of war and peace, this Nishan could always be seen flying high. It depicts the image of a [[katar]] and a flaming sun.
Robert Taylor of the Bengal Civil Service records in his book, The Princely Armory, "...for eight centuries a golden sun in a crimson field has floated over the head of the Rana at feast and fray, and is conspicuous in the ornament of his palace..."


"On the top of the mast is the face of the Sun, embossed in gold. On the triangular Nishan the human face is embroidered in gold depicting the Sun. It has a gold tassle at the end. A Katar (a type of dagger) with silver threads on the Nishan completes this simple design. The Sun signifies that the Nishan is of the “Surya Vansi” (Sun Dynasty) Maharanas of Mewar. The Katar is the emblem of Independence for the defender of Hinduism. All the Hindus address the Maharanas as the “Sun of Hindus”, the light and protection of the Hindus. This still continues to be a form of address. The colour of the Nishan is Saffron and the mast is Red." - Depiction by the Maharana Mewar Charitable Foundation
⚫
==The Sisodia flag==
The Mewar flag is disinguished for it's "crimson" flag. During both times of war and peace, this standard could always be seen flying high. It depicts the image of a dagger and a flaming sun. Robert Taylor of the Bengal Civil Service records in his book, "The Princely Armory", "...for eight centuries a golden sun in a crimson field has floated over the head of the Rana at feast and fray, and is conspicuous in the ornament of his palace...On the top of the mast is the face of the Sun, embossed in gold. On the triangular ''Nishan'' (flag), the human face is embroidered in gold depicting the Sun. It has a gold tassle at the end. A ''Katar'' (a type of dagger) with silver threads on the Nishan completes this simple design. The Sun signifies that the ''Nishan'' is of the "Surya Vansi" (Sun Dynasty) Maharanas of Mewar. The ''Katar'' is the emblem of independence....the colour of the ''Nishan'' (flag) is Saffron and the mast is red."


==Sources==
==Sources==
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*Amar Patel, ''History of Western India''
*Amar Patel, ''History of Western India''


[[Category:Rajput clans]]
[[Category:Ruling clans of India]]
[[Category:Mewar]]
[[Category:Mewar]]
[[Category:Social groups of India]]
[[Category:Indian family names]]
[[Category:Indian family names]]
[[Category:History of Rajasthan]]

Revision as of 09:35, 23 June 2006

File:Darbarudaipur1878a.jpg
[The Court of Sisodia during the late 19:th century

The Sisodia (also known as Shishodya or Sisodya or Sisodhya) are a Rajput clan who ruled the kingdom of Mewar in Rajasthan.

They trace their descent from Bappa Rawal, of the Guhilot or Guhila clan, who established himself as ruler of Mewar in 734, ruling from the fortress-city of Chittaur (or Chittaurgarh). Chittaurgarh was captured after a long siege by the Ala ud din Khilji, Sultanate of Delhi, in 1303.

Hamir Singh (1326-1364) recaptured Chittaurgarh in 1326, and was the first ruler of the clan to use the title rana (king). He changed the family name to Sisodia, after the village where he was born. Rana Kumbha (1433-1468) expanded the kingdom and established a system of fortresses to secure its boundaries, and made Mewar the most powerful Rajput state of the period. Rana Sangha (1509-1527), sought to free northern India from the Sultanate, and convinced Babur, founder of the Mughal dynasty, to challenge Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. Babur defeated Ibrahim at the First Battle of Panipat, and Rana Sangha then led an assembled Rajput army to drive Babur away and to recapture Delhi from the Muslims, who had ruled there since the end of the 12th century. Rana Sangha was defeated by Babur at the Battle of Khanua, and Mewar was forced to pay tribute to the Mughals.

The struggle between Babur's successor Humayun and the Suri Dynasty allowed Mewar to regain its independence for several decades. Humayun's successor Akbar brought most of the Rajput states under his rule by force or by dynastic marriage, but the Sisodias refused, and Akbar sent an army headed by the Rajput General Raja Man Singh of the Kachwaha clan. After the capture of Chittaur by the emperor Akbar in 1568, Rana Udai Singh II (1537-1572) shifted the capital to the more defensible site of Udaipur, which he had founded shortly before the fall of Chittaur. Rana Pratap Singh (1572-1596) led a guerrilla war against the occupying armies of the Mughals and their Rajput allies. After the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb attacked the neighboring kingdom of Marwar in 1679, the Sisodias formed a triple alliance with the Rathores of Marwar and the Kachwahas of Jaipur to liberate the Rajputs from the Mughals.

Bhim Singh (1777-1828) was the first ruler to use the title maharana (great king). A branch of the family ruled the state of Barwani in present-day Madhya Pradesh. After India became independent in 1947, Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh acceded to the Government of India in 1948. The Sisodias still retain their royal titles and Maharana Arvind Singh of Udaipur is still the "royal officiator of Udaipur" (2005).

Sisodia ranas and maharanas of Mewar

  • Rana Hamir Singh (1326-1364)
  • Rana Kshetra Singh (1364-1382)
  • Rana Lakha (1382-1421)
  • Rana Mokal (1421-1433)
  • Rana Kumbha (1433-1468)
  • Rana Udai Singh I (1468-1473)
  • Rana Raimal (1473-1509)
  • Rana Sangha (Sangram Singh) (1509-1527)
  • Rana Ratan Singh (1527-1531)
  • Rana Vikramaditya (1531-1537)
  • Rana Udai Singh II (1537-1572)
  • Rana Pratap Singh (1572-1596)
  • Rana Amar Singh (1596-1607)
  • Rana Sugra (1607-1615)
  • Rana Karan (1620-1628)
  • Rana Jagat Singh (1628-1652)
  • Rana Raja Singh (1652-1680)
  • Rana Jaya Singh (1680-1699)
  • Rana Amar Singh II (1699-1711)
  • Rana Sangrama Singh II (1711-1734)
  • Rana Jagat Singh II (1734-1752)
  • Rana Pratap Singh II (1752-1754)
  • Rana Raja Singh II (1754-1761)
  • Rana Ari Singh II (1761-1771)
  • Rana Hammir II (1771-1777)
  • Maharana Bhim Singh (1777-1828)
  • Maharana Jawan Singh (1828-1838)
  • Maharana Sardar Singh (1838-1842)
  • Maharana Sarup Singh (1842-1861)
  • Maharana Sambhu (1861-1874)
  • Maharana Sujjan Singh (1874-1884)
  • Maharana Fateh Singh (1884-1930)
  • Maharana Sir Bhupal Singh (1930-1955). In 1948, the Maharana acceded his state to the Government of India.
  • Maharana Bhagwat Singh (1955-1985)
  • Maharana Mahendra Singh (1985 onwards), Arvind Singh is the younger brother

The Sisodia coat of arms

The Mewar flag is disinguished by its crimson flag. During both times of war and peace, this Nishan could always be seen flying high. It depicts the image of a katar and a flaming sun. Robert Taylor of the Bengal Civil Service records in his book, The Princely Armory, "...for eight centuries a golden sun in a crimson field has floated over the head of the Rana at feast and fray, and is conspicuous in the ornament of his palace..."

"On the top of the mast is the face of the Sun, embossed in gold. On the triangular Nishan the human face is embroidered in gold depicting the Sun. It has a gold tassle at the end. A Katar (a type of dagger) with silver threads on the Nishan completes this simple design. The Sun signifies that the Nishan is of the “Surya Vansi” (Sun Dynasty) Maharanas of Mewar. The Katar is the emblem of Independence for the defender of Hinduism. All the Hindus address the Maharanas as the “Sun of Hindus”, the light and protection of the Hindus. This still continues to be a form of address. The colour of the Nishan is Saffron and the mast is Red." - Depiction by the Maharana Mewar Charitable Foundation

Sources

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