R. A. Lafferty

R. A. Lafferty
Lafferty in his library in 1998
Born	Raphael Aloysius Lafferty (1914-11-07)November 7, 1914 Neola, Iowa, U.S.
Died	March 18, 2002(2002-03-18) (aged 87) Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, U.S.
Occupation	Novelist, short story author
Genre	Science fiction, Fantasy
Notable works	Okla Hannali, Past Master, Nine Hundred Grandmothers

Raphael Aloysius Lafferty (November 7, 1914 – March 18, 2002) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer known for his original use of language, metaphor, and narrative structure, as well as for his etymological wit. He also wrote a set of four autobiographical novels, In a Green Tree; a history book, The Fall of Rome; and a number of novels that could be more or less loosely called historical fiction.

In March 2011, it was announced in Locus that the copyrights to 29 Lafferty novels and 225 short stories were up for sale. A bid of $US 70,000 has been received, per the Lafferty Estate.

Biography

Lafferty was born on November 7, 1914, in Neola, Iowa to Hugh David Lafferty, a broker dealing in oil leases and royalties, and Julia Mary Burke, a teacher; he was the youngest of five siblings. His first name, Raphael, derived from the day on which he was expected to be born--(the Feast of St. Raphael). When he was 4, his family moved to Perry, Oklahoma. He graduated from Cascia Hall and later attended night school at the University of Tulsa for two years starting in 1933, mostly studying math and German, but left before graduating. He then began to work for a Clark Electric Co. in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and apparently a newspaper as well; during this period (1939–1942), he attended the International Correspondence School.

R. A. Lafferty lived most of his life in Tulsa, with his sister, Anna Lafferty. Lafferty enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1942. After training in Texas, North Carolina, Florida, and California, he was sent to the South Pacific Area, serving in Australia, New Guinea, Morotai and the Philippines. When he left the Army in 1946, he had become a 1st Sergeant serving as a staff sergeant and had received an Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal [4]. He never married.

Lafferty did not begin writing until the 1950s, but he wrote thirty-two novels and more than two hundred short stories, most of them at least nominally science fiction. His first published story was "The Wagons" in New Mexico Quarterly Review in 1959. His first published science fiction story was "Day of the Glacier", in The Original Science Fiction Stories in 1960, and his first published novel was Past Master in 1968.

Until 1971, Lafferty worked as an electrical engineer. After that, he spent his time writing until around 1980, when his output declined due to a stroke. He stopped writing regularly in 1984. In 1994, he suffered an even more severe stroke. He died 18 March 2002, aged 87 in a nursing home in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma. His collected papers, artifacts, and ephemera were donated to the University of Tulsa's McFarlin Library, Department of Special Collections and University Archives. Other manuscripts are housed in the University of Iowa's Library special collections department.

Lafferty's funeral took place at Christ the King Catholic Church in Tulsa, where he regularly attended daily Mass. He is buried at St. Rose Catholic Cemetery in Perry.

Selected Work

Lafferty's quirky prose drew from traditional storytelling styles, largely from the Irish and Native American, and his shaggy-dog characters and tall tales are unique in science fiction. Little of Lafferty's writing is considered typical of the genre. His stories are closer to tall tales than traditional science fiction and are deeply influenced by his Catholic beliefs; Fourth Mansions, for example, draws on The Interior Mansions of Teresa of Avila.

His writings, both topically and stylistically, are not easy to categorize. Plot is frequently secondary to other elements of Lafferty's writing; while this style has resulted in a loyal cult following, it causes some readers to give up attempting to read his work.

Not all of Lafferty's work was science fiction or fantasy; his novel Okla Hannali (1972), published by University of Oklahoma Press, tells the story of the Choctaw in Mississippi, and after the Trail of Tears, in Oklahoma, through an account of the larger-than-life character Hannali and his large family. This novel was thought of highly by the novelist Dee Brown, author of Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (1970), who on the back cover of the edition of published by the University of Oklahoma Press, writes "The history of the Choctaw Indians has been told before and is still being told, but it has never been told in the way Lafferty tells it ... Hannali is a buffalo bull of a man who should become one of the enduring characters in the literature of the American Indian." He also wrote, "It is art applied to history so that the legend of the Choctaws, their great and small men, their splendid humor, and their tragedies are filled with life and breath."

Lafferty's work is represented by Virginia Kidd Literary Agency, which holds a cache of his still-unpublished manuscripts.

Novels

Science Fiction

• Past Master, (1968); Hugo Award nominee, 1969; Nebula Award nominee 1968
• The Reefs of Earth, (1968)
• Space Chantey, (1968); a retelling of the Odyssey in SF terms
• Fourth Mansions, (1969); Nebula Award nominee, 1970
• The Devil is Dead, (1971); Nebula Award nominee, 1972 [Second chronologically in The Devil is Dead trilogy]
• Arrive at Easterwine: The Autobiography of a Ktistec Machine, (1971)
• Not to Mention Camels, (1976)
• Archipelago, (1979); [First chronologically in The Devil is Dead trilogy]
• Aurelia, (1982); Philip K. Dick Award nominee, 1982
• Annals of Klepsis, (1983)
• Serpent's Egg, (1987)
• East of Laughter, (1988)
• How Many Miles to Babylon?, (1989)
• The Elliptical Grave, (1989)
• Dotty, (1990)
• More Than Melchisedech, (1992); [Third chronologically in The Devil is Dead trilogy, consists of three novels]
  • Tales of Chicago
  • Tales of Midnight
  • Argo
• Sindbad: The Thirteenth Voyage, (1999)

Other

• The Flame is Green, (1971); [First in the unfinished Coscuin Chronicles]
• Okla Hannali, (1972)
• Half a Sky, (1984) [Second in the unfinished Coscuin Chronicles]

Collections

• Nine Hundred Grandmothers, (1970)
• Strange Doings, (1972)
• Does Anyone Else Have Anything Further to Add, (1974)
• Funnyfingers & Cabrito, (1976)
• Apocalypses, (1977)
• Golden Gate and Other Stories, (1982)
• Through Elegant Eyes, (1983)
• Ringing Changes, (1984)
• The Early Lafferty, (1988)
• The Back Door of History, (1988)
• Strange Skies, (1988); poems
• The Early Lafferty II, (1990)
• Episodes of the Argo, (1990)
• Lafferty in Orbit, (1991)
• Mischief Malicious (And Murder Most Strange), (1991)
• Iron Tears, (1992)

Non-Fiction

• The Fall of Rome, (1971); reprinted in 1993 as Alaric: The Day the World Ended
• It's Down the Slippery Cellar Stairs, (1984)
• True Believers, (1989)
• Cranky Old Man from Tulsa, (1990)

Awards and recognition

Lafferty received Hugo nominations for Past Master, "Continued on the Next Rock," "Sky," and "Eurema's Dam," the last of which won the Best Short Story Hugo in 1973 (shared with Frederik Pohl and C.M. Kornbluth's "The Meeting.")

He received Nebula Award nominations for "In Our Block," "Slow Tuesday Night," Past Master, Fourth Mansions, "Continued on the Next Rock," "Entire And Perfect Chrysolite," and The Devil is Dead. He never received a Nebula award.

His collection Lafferty in Orbit was nominated for a World Fantasy Award, and in 1990, Lafferty received a World Fantasy Lifetime Achievement Award. His 1992 collection Iron Tears was also a finalist for the Philip K. Dick Award. In 2002, he received the Cordwainer Smith Foundation's Rediscovery award.

The Oklahoma Department of Libraries granted him the Arrell Gibson Lifetime Achievement Award in 1995.

Fourth Mansions was also named by David Pringle as one of his selections for Modern Fantasy: The Hundred Best Novels.

Trivia

"[Once a] French publisher nervously asked whether Lafferty minded being compared to G. K. Chesterton (another Catholic author), and there was a terrifying silence that went on and on. Was the great man hideously offended? Eventually, very slowly, he said: 'You're on the right track, kid,' and wandered away."

In his 2006 short story collection Fragile Things, Neil Gaiman includes a short story called "Sunbird" written in the style of Lafferty. In the introduction, he says this about Lafferty:

There was a writer from Tulsa, Oklahoma (he died in 2002), who was, for a little while in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the best short story writer in the world. His name was R. A. Lafferty, and his stories were unclassifiable and odd and inimitable -- you knew you were reading a Lafferty story within a sentence. When I was young I wrote to him, and he wrote back.

"Sunbird" was my attempt to write a Lafferty story, and it taught me a number of things, mostly how much harder they are than they look....

Gaiman and Lafferty had corresponded for several years during Gaiman's adolescence; he remembered Lafferty's letters as "filled with typical cock-eyed Lafferty humour and observations, wise and funny and sober all at once."

Further reading

• R. A. Lafferty (1990), Cranky old man from Tulsa: interviews with R.A. Lafferty, Weston, Ont., Canada: United Mythologies Press, ISBN 092132216X, OCLC 26768241, 092132216X[5]
• Unpublished Lafferty: 1, Andrew Ferguson, NYRSF #281 January 2012

External links

• R. A. Lafferty at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Works by R. A. Lafferty at Project Gutenberg
• "R. A. Lafferty: Winner of the 2002 Cordwainer Smith Foundation "Rediscovery" Award
• R. A. Lafferty Devotional Page
• R. A. Lafferty: Effective Arcanum - a critical examination of aspects of Lafferty's prose
• "And They Took the Sky Off at Night" - an appreciation of Lafferty by editor Brian Cholfin
• "The Devil is Dead", a review
• "The Flame is Green", an essay and review of Lafferty's (non-SF) novel of revolutionary Europe, by John J. Reilly
• "Past Master", a review at the Writers' Circle
• "Past Master" - a review by Bill McClain at watershade.net
• "Okla Hannali", a book review and generous sampler
• Collection of obituaries
• Article on Lafferty at Everything2
• University of Tulsa McFarlin Library's inventory of the R. A. Lafferty collection housed in their special collections department
• University of Iowa's page on their special collection of his papers
• "The Cranky Old Man of Tulsa"
• "A Few Words About R. A. Lafferty"
• "Despair and the Duck Lady", Profile of Lafferty by Michael Swanwick
• "R.A. Lafferty: An Attempt at an Appreciation"
• The Ants of God Are Queer Fish - R. A. Lafferty Blog
• Review by Ann Cecil
• Past Masters: Secret Crocodiles and Strange Doings (or Sometimes the Magic Really Works) by Bud Webster at Grantville Gazette
• Continued on Next Rock - a chronological discussion of R. A. Lafferty's work sorted by the date written by Andrew Ferguson on Tumblr
• Yet Another Lafferty Blog
• "Past Master by R. A. Lafferty", a review at the MPorcius Fiction Log

Works available online

• Narrow Valley
• Nine Hundred Grandmothers
• The Six Fingers of Time
• Slow Tuesday Night
• Sodom and Gomorrah, Texas
• The Transcendent Tigers