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{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Attack Squadron 1E
|unit_name= Sea Control Squadron TWENTY ONE<br>(VS-21)
|image=[[Image:USN VT-41 emblem 1945.png|250px]]
|image=[[Image:Lockheed S-3 Viking landing.jpg|250px]]
|caption= VT-41 insignia
|caption= VS-21 insignia
|dates= 26 March 1945 - 1 September 1948
|dates= 26 March 1945 - 28 February 2005
|country= [[United States]]
|country= [[United States]]
|allegiance=
|allegiance=
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|type=
|type=
|role= [[Anti-submarine warfare]]
|role= [[Anti-submarine warfare]]
|size= [[squadron (aviation)|Squadron]]
|size=
|command_structure=
|command_structure=
|garrison= [[Naval Air Station North Island|NAS San Diego]]
|garrison= [[Naval Station Puget Sound|NAS Seattle]]<br>[[Naval Air Station North Island|NAS San Diego]]<br>[[Naval Air Facility Atsugi|NAF Atsugi]]
|garrison_label= Homeport
|garrison_label= Home Port
|equipment= [[TBF Avenger|Grumman TBM-3 ''Avenger'']]
|equipment= [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3 Avenger]]<br>[[Lockheed S-3 Viking|S-3 Viking]]
|equipment_label= Aircraft
|equipment_label= Aircraft
|nickname=
|nickname=Fighting Red Tails
|patron=
|patron=
|motto=
|motto=
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|notable_commanders=
|notable_commanders=
<!-- Insignia -->
<!-- Insignia -->
|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol=[[File:Vs-21.jpg|100x100px]]
|identification_symbol_label=
|identification_symbol_label=VS-21
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2=[[File:USN_VT-41_emblem_1945.png|100x100px]]
|identification_symbol_2_label=
|identification_symbol_2_label=VT-41
}}
}}
'''VA-1E (Attack Squadron 1E)''' was an aviation unit of the [[United States Navy]]. It had been established on 26 March 1945 as ''Torpedo Squadron 41 (VT-41)'' and was redesignated "VA-1E" on 15 November 1946. The [[Squadron (aviation)|squadron]] was disestablished on 1 September 1948. It was the only squadron to be designated VA-1E.<ref name='DANAS1-2-1'> {{cite book | last1 = Grossnick | first1 = Roy A. | title = Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons, Volume 1, Chapter 2, Section 1: Attack Squadron Histories for VA-1E to VA-23 | volume = | publisher = Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy | year = 1995 | location = Washington, D.C. | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/download/va-1-23.pdf | pages=17-36 | accessdate = 2014-03-05}}</ref>
'''Sea Control Squadron TWENTY ONE''', previously designated '''Air Anti-Submarine Squadron TWENTY ONE (AIRASRON 21)''', '''Composite Squadron TWENTY ONE (VC-21)''', '''Attack Squadron ONE E (VA-1E)''', and '''Torpedo Squadron FORTY ONE (VT-41)''', was a [[United States Navy]] [[anti-submarine warfare|anti-submarine]] [[squadron (aviation)|squadron]] established in the final year of the [[Second World War]] which served after the war aboard the {{USS|Badoeng Strait|CVE-116}} helping to develop hunter-killer ASW tactics for the Navy, and ultimately operated from full-size [[aircraft carrier]]s in the sea control role, capable of anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare. It was the only squadron to receive the designations VA-1E, VC-21, or VS-21.<ref name='DANAS1-2-1'> {{cite book | last1 = Grossnick | first1 = Roy A. | title = Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons, Volume 1, Chapter 2, Section 1: Attack Squadron Histories for VA-1E to VA-23 | volume = | publisher = Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy | year = 1995 | location = Washington, D.C. | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/download/va-1-23.pdf | pages=17-36 | accessdate = 2014-03-05}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
VT-41 was established as a torpedo squadron, flying the [[TBF Avenger|Grumman TBF-1 ''Avenger'']] torpedo bomber at [[Naval Air Station]] [[Seattle]], [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington (USA)]], but it was relocated to [[Naval Air Station North Island|NAS San Diego]], [[California|California (USA)]] in May 1945. VT-41 was assigned to ''Escort Carrier Air Group 41 (CVEG-41)'' (redesignated CVEG-1 in 1946). After working up of the squadron in the late stages of the [[Second World War]], the Commander Air Force Pacific Fleet designated anti-submarine warfare as the primary mission of VT-41 in March 1946. On 15 November 1946 VT-41 became VA-1E, which was translated into "1st attack squadron ("VA-1") based on escort carriers ("E")". On 4 December 1946, ''Escort Carrier Air Group 1 (CVEG-1)'' was assigned to the escort carrier [[USS Badoeng Strait (CVE-116)|USS ''Badoeng Strait'']], and VA-1E was identified by the tail code "BS" (call sign "Beef Steak"). In 1947-48 VA-1E conducted regular ASW exercises aboard the ''Badoeng Strait'' between the U.S. West Coast and the [[Pacific ocean|Western Pacific]]. The squadron saw extensive service in ASW trials and tactics development aboard the ''Badoeng Strait''. When the U.S. Navy turned back to the designation system used before November 1946, both CVEG-1 squadrons VA-1E and VF-1E were merged into '''Composite Squadron 21 (VC-21)''', and VA-1E and VF-1E were disestablished on 1 September 1948. VC-21 was one of six new anti-submarine squadrons. It was redesignated ''Anti-Submarine Squadron 21 (VS-21)'' on 23 April 1950, and [[Sea Control Squadron 21|''Sea Control Squadron 21 (VS-21)'']] on 1 October 1993. VS-21 was finally disestablished on 28 February 2005.<ref name='DANAS1-2-1'/>
The squadron was established as '''Torpedo Squadron FORTY ONE''' (VT-41) at [[Naval Air Station Seattle]], [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]] under the command of LT Joseph P. Keigher with the [[General Motors]]-built [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-1, TBM-1C, and TBM-3 Avenger]] torpedo bomber as part of Escort Carrier Air Group FORTY ONE (CVEG-41). Commander Air Force Pacific Fleet had designated the squadron upon formation as having antisubmarine warfare as its primary mission. On 15 November 1946, as part of a service-wide reorganization, VT-41 was redesignated '''Attack Squadron ONE E''' (VA-1E), which was translated into "1st attack squadron ("VA-1") based on escort carriers ("E")", while CVEG-41 was simultaneously redesignated Escort Carrier Air Group ONE (CVEG-1). The Group, which consisted of VA-1E and its sister fighter squadron VF-1E, was assigned on 4 December 1946 to the escort carrier {{USS|Badoeng Strait|CVE-116}}, and VA-1E was identified by the tail code "BS" (call sign "Beef Steak"). In 1947-48 VA-1E conducted regular ASW exercises aboard the ''Badoeng Strait'' between the U.S. West Coast and the [[Pacific ocean|Western Pacific]]. The squadron saw extensive service in ASW trials and tactics development aboard the ''Badoeng Strait''.<ref name='DANAS1-2-1'/>

When the U.S. Navy turned back to the designation system used before November 1946, both CVEG-1 squadrons VA-1E and VF-1E were merged into '''Composite Squadron 21''' (VC-21) on 1 September 1948 creating one of six new anti-submarine squadrons. The squadron was redesignated '''Anti-Submarine Squadron 21''' (AIRASRON 21 or VS-21) and obtained the nickname '''"Redtails"''' on 23 April 1950. After putting the [[Lockheed S-3 Viking|S-3B Viking]] into service in 1991, on 1 October 1993 the squadron was redesignated '''Sea Control Squadron 21''' (retaining the abbreviated form VS-21). VS-21 was finally disestablished on 28 February 2005.<ref name="apd">{{cite book|first=David|last=Donald|first2=Jon|last2=Lake|title=US Navy & Marine Corps Air Power Directory|publisher=Aerospace Publishing|date=1992}}</ref>


==Commanding officers==
==Commanding officers==
* Lt. Joseph P. Keigher: 26 March 1945 (acting commander)
⚫
[[Image:TBM-3S VA-1E 1940s.jpg|thumb|A TBM-3S of VA-1E.]]
* Lt. Charles A. Collins: 29 April 1945
* Lt. Charles A. Collins: 29 April 1945
* LCdr. Kent M. Cushman: 14 September 1946
* LCdr. Kent M. Cushman: 14 September 1946
Line 52: Line 54:


==Aircraft Assignment==
==Aircraft Assignment==
⚫
[[File:TBM-3S VA-1E 1940s.jpg|thumb|A TBM-3S in VA-1E colors]]
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBF-1 ''Avenger'']] – March 1945
[[File:S2F-1 Tracker of VS-21 in flight in 1956.jpg|right|thumb|A squadron S2F-1 in flight]]
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-1/1-C ''Avenger'']] – March 1945
[[File:S3A.jpg|right|thumb|Profile of an S-3A during the squadron's service aboard the {{USS|Constellation}}]]
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3 ''Avenger'']] – March 1945
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3E ''Avenger'']] – May 1945
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-1 Avenger]] from March 1945
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3S ''Avenger'']] – 1948
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-1C Avenger]] from March 1945
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3 Avenger]] from March 1945
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBF-1 Avenger]] from April 1945
⚫
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3E Avenger]] from May 1945
* [[Grumman TBF Avenger|TBM-3S Avenger]] from 1948
* [[Grumman AF Guardian|AF-2 Guardian]]
* [[Grumman S-2 Tracker|S2F-1 Tracker]]
* [[Grumman S-2 Tracker|S2F-2 Tracker]]
* [[Grumman S-2 Tracker|S-2E Tracker]]
* [[Lockheed S-3 Viking|S-3A Viking]]
* [[Lockheed S-3 Viking|S-3B Viking]] from 1991


==Air Wing Assignments==
==Air Wing Assignments==
* [[CVEG-1]]: 26 March 1945 (CVEG-41 was redesignated CVEG-1 on 15 November 1946).
* Escort Carrier Air Group FORTY ONE (CVEG-41) from 26 March 1945 to 15 November 1946
* Escort Carrier Air Group ONE (CVEG-1) from 15 November 1946
* [[Carrier Air Wing Five]] (CVW-5)


==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|United States Navy}}
{{portal|United States Navy}}
{{commons|Sea Control Squadron 21 (United States Navy)}}
*[[History of the United States Navy]]
*[[History of the United States Navy]]
*[[List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons]]
*[[List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Va-1e}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Va-1e}}
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1946]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1946]]
[[Category:Attack squadrons of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:Attack squadrons of the United States Navy|001E]]

Revision as of 10:27, 22 November 2014

Sea Control Squadron TWENTY ONE
(VS-21)
VS-21 insignia
Active26 March 1945 - 28 February 2005
CountryUnited States
BranchUnited States Navy
RoleAnti-submarine warfare
SizeSquadron
Home PortNAS Seattle
NAS San Diego
NAF Atsugi
Nickname(s)Fighting Red Tails
AircraftTBM-3 Avenger
S-3 Viking
Insignia
VS-21
VT-41

Sea Control Squadron TWENTY ONE, previously designated Air Anti-Submarine Squadron TWENTY ONE (AIRASRON 21), Composite Squadron TWENTY ONE (VC-21), Attack Squadron ONE E (VA-1E), and Torpedo Squadron FORTY ONE (VT-41), was a United States Navy anti-submarine squadron established in the final year of the Second World War which served after the war aboard the USS Badoeng Strait (CVE-116) helping to develop hunter-killer ASW tactics for the Navy, and ultimately operated from full-size aircraft carriers in the sea control role, capable of anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare. It was the only squadron to receive the designations VA-1E, VC-21, or VS-21.[1]

History

The squadron was established as Torpedo Squadron FORTY ONE (VT-41) at Naval Air Station Seattle, Washington under the command of LT Joseph P. Keigher with the General Motors-built TBM-1, TBM-1C, and TBM-3 Avenger torpedo bomber as part of Escort Carrier Air Group FORTY ONE (CVEG-41). Commander Air Force Pacific Fleet had designated the squadron upon formation as having antisubmarine warfare as its primary mission. On 15 November 1946, as part of a service-wide reorganization, VT-41 was redesignated Attack Squadron ONE E (VA-1E), which was translated into "1st attack squadron ("VA-1") based on escort carriers ("E")", while CVEG-41 was simultaneously redesignated Escort Carrier Air Group ONE (CVEG-1). The Group, which consisted of VA-1E and its sister fighter squadron VF-1E, was assigned on 4 December 1946 to the escort carrier USS Badoeng Strait (CVE-116), and VA-1E was identified by the tail code "BS" (call sign "Beef Steak"). In 1947-48 VA-1E conducted regular ASW exercises aboard the Badoeng Strait between the U.S. West Coast and the Western Pacific. The squadron saw extensive service in ASW trials and tactics development aboard the Badoeng Strait.[1]

When the U.S. Navy turned back to the designation system used before November 1946, both CVEG-1 squadrons VA-1E and VF-1E were merged into Composite Squadron 21 (VC-21) on 1 September 1948 creating one of six new anti-submarine squadrons. The squadron was redesignated Anti-Submarine Squadron 21 (AIRASRON 21 or VS-21) and obtained the nickname "Redtails" on 23 April 1950. After putting the S-3B Viking into service in 1991, on 1 October 1993 the squadron was redesignated Sea Control Squadron 21 (retaining the abbreviated form VS-21). VS-21 was finally disestablished on 28 February 2005.[2]

Commanding officers

  • Lt. Joseph P. Keigher: 26 March 1945 (acting commander)
  • Lt. Charles A. Collins: 29 April 1945
  • LCdr. Kent M. Cushman: 14 September 1946
  • LCdr. Harold A. Robinson: 24 November 1947

Aircraft Assignment

A TBM-3S in VA-1E colors
A squadron S2F-1 in flight
Profile of an S-3A during the squadron's service aboard the USS Constellation

Air Wing Assignments

  • Escort Carrier Air Group FORTY ONE (CVEG-41) from 26 March 1945 to 15 November 1946
  • Escort Carrier Air Group ONE (CVEG-1) from 15 November 1946
  • Carrier Air Wing Five (CVW-5)

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sea Control Squadron 21 (United States Navy).

References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons.

  1. ^ a b Grossnick, Roy A. (1995). Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons, Volume 1, Chapter 2, Section 1: Attack Squadron Histories for VA-1E to VA-23 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy. pp. 17–36. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
  2. ^ Donald, David; Lake, Jon (1992). US Navy & Marine Corps Air Power Directory. Aerospace Publishing.
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