Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate: Difference between revisions

Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number	6699-20-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:48861 ;
ChemSpider	394418 ;
MeSH	geranylgeranyl+pyrophosphate
PubChem CID	447277;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID90863929 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H36O7P2/c1-17(2)9-6-10-18(3)11-7-12-19(4)13-8-14-20(5)15-16-26-29(24,25)27-28(21,22)23/h9,11,13,15H,6-8,10,12,14,16H2,1-5H3,(H,24,25)(H2,21,22,23)/b18-11+,19-13+,20-15+ Key: OINNEUNVOZHBOX-QIRCYJPOSA-N ; InChI=1/C20H36O7P2/c1-17(2)9-6-10-18(3)11-7-12-19(4)13-8-14-20(5)15-16-26-29(24,25)27-28(21,22)23/h9,11,13,15H,6-8,10,12,14,16H2,1-5H3,(H,24,25)(H2,21,22,23)/b18-11+,19-13+,20-15+ Key: OINNEUNVOZHBOX-QIRCYJPOBR;
	SMILES O=P(O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OC/C=C(/CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C20H36O7P2
Molar mass	450.449 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

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Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids.^[1] In plants it is also the precursor to carotenoids, gibberellins, tocopherols, and chlorophylls.

It is also a precursor to geranylgeranylated proteins, which is its primary use in human cells. ^[2]

In Drosophila, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is synthesised by HMG-CoA encoded by the Columbus gene. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is utilised as a chemoattractant for migrating germ cells that have traversed the midgut epithelia. The attractant signal is produced at the gonadal precursors, directing the germ cells to these sites, where they will differentiate into ova (eggs) and spermatozoa (sperm).

Related compounds

References

^ Cholesterol Synthesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]
^ Wiemer, AJ; Wiemer, DF; Hohl, RJ (December 2011). "Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target". Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 90 (6): 804–12. doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.215. PMID 22048229.

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[1] Cholesterol Synthesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]

[2] Wiemer, AJ; Wiemer, DF; Hohl, RJ (December 2011). "Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target". Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 90 (6): 804–12. doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.215. PMID 22048229.

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 '''Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate''' is an intermediate in the [[HMG-CoA reductase pathway]] used by organisms in the biosynthesis of [[terpene]]s and [[terpenoid]]s.<ref>[http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm Cholesterol Synthesis], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute] </ref> In plants it is also the precursor to [[carotenoid]]s, [[gibberellin]]s, [[tocopherol]]s, and [[chlorophyll]]s.
-It is also a precursor to [[geranylgeranylation|geranylgeranylated]] proteins, which is its primary use in human cells. <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wiemer|first1=AJ|last2=Wiemer|first2=DF|last3=Hohl|first3=RJ|title=Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target.|journal=Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics|date=December 2011|volume=90|issue=6|pages=804-12|pmid=22048229}}</ref>
+It is also a precursor to [[geranylgeranylation|geranylgeranylated]] proteins, which is its primary use in human cells. <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wiemer|first1=AJ|last2=Wiemer|first2=DF|last3=Hohl|first3=RJ|title=Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target.|journal=Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics|date=December 2011|volume=90|issue=6|pages=804–12|pmid=22048229|doi=10.1038/clpt.2011.215}}</ref>
 In [[Drosophila]], geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is synthesised by HMG-CoA encoded by the Columbus gene. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is utilised as a chemoattractant for migrating [[germ cell]]s that have traversed the [[midgut]] [[epithelia]]. The attractant signal is produced at the [[gonad]]al precursors, directing the germ cells to these sites, where they will differentiate into [[Ovum|ova]] (eggs)  and [[spermatozoa]] (sperm).