Sailing at the 1932 Summer Olympics: Difference between revisions

Los Angeles Harbor
Los Angeles Harbor
Angels Gate light
	Enterance to the Los Angeles Harbor. ; On the right the courses of the Snowbird were laid. To the left those of the other three classes.
	Location within California
General information
Status	Completed
Type	Olympic harbor
Location	San Pedro Breakwater
Town or city	Los Angeles, California
Country	United States
Elevation	Sealevel
Construction started	1910
Opened	1913
Cost	$36,000
Owner	US Coast Guard
Design and construction
Architect(s)	Unknown

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Revision as of 20:23, 23 March 2015

Template:Infobox Olympic Sailing Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possible 1916 sailing was always a part of the Olympic program. The Sailing program of 1932 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class races were scheduled from 5–12 August directly off the Los Angeles Harbor on the Pacific Ocean.

Venue ^[1]

Los Angeles Harbor

The Xth Olympiad Yachting events were raced in the Pacific Ocean directly off the Port of Los Angeles, over a course used for the past eight years in local yachting. This course was selected because of its suitability for wind conditions, its freedom from tides and swift currents, and the clearness of its waters, with the added advantage of offering spectators a full view from the Point Fermin headlands. Constant winds were assured as in this locality the trade wind comes up about mid-day, bringing with it a true westerly wind varying from eight to fifteen knots in velocity.
— Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles, Official Report of the Games of the X Olympiad^[1]

Sea breeze

Due to the predicted Sea breeze in Los Angeles Harbor it was decided to race the Snowbirds in the lighter morning breezes. However during the mornings there was virtually no wind at all. Therefor some races of the Snowbird were sailed in the afternoon in heavy conditions. Luckily no capsizing took place. It also gave issues for those sailors who were competing no only in the Snowbird but also in one of the other classes.

Course areas ^[1]

The courses had been well prepared. The marks were laid by the United States Lighthouse Service in the form of large Government buoys, and kelp beds under the lee of Point Fermin were marked by the United States Navy Department as restricted area. Visiting yachts were kept at a safe distance from the racing boats by the US Coast Guard. Tows were arranged by the US Navy to and from Los Angeles Harbor to the race area's. On the Pacific side of the San Pedro Breakwater the Star, 6 Metre and 8 Metre yachts had their races. Those classes had to pass the Angels Gate light in order to reach the course area. The Snowbird stayed inside the breakwater to protect them from the ocean swell.

1932 Olympic Course Areas

Open street map view of the current map of Los Angeles. Projected are the 1932 Olympic courses of the Snowbird (Red Area) and the Star, 6 Metre and 8 Metre (blue area).

Competition ^[1]

Overview

Continents	Countries	Classes	Boats	Male	Female
3	11	4	23	57	0

However all events were gender independent it turned out to be a male only event.

Continents

● Africa

● Europe

● North America

Countries

Austria (AUT)	Canada (CAN)	Spain (ESP)	France (FRA)
Germany (GER)	Great Britain (GBR)	Italy (ITA)	Netherlands (NED)
South Africa (RSA)	Sweden (SWE)	United States (USA)

This time no new countries participated in the Sailing event of this Olympic.

Classes (equipment)

Class	Type	Venue	Sailors	First OG	Olympics so far
The 1932 Olympic classes
Snowbird	Dinghy	Los Angeles	Max. 1 Max. 1 substitutes	1932	1
Star	Keelboat	Los Angeles	Max. 2 Max. 2 substitutes	1932	1
6 Metre	Keelboat	Los Angeles	Max. 5 Max. 5 substitutes	1908	6
8 Metre	Keelboat	Los Angeles	Max. 6 Max. 6 substitutes	1908	6
Legend: = Mixed gender event
The 1932 Olympic Classes in action Snowbird Snowbird Star Star 6 Metre 6 Metre 8 Metre 8 Metre

Race schedule^[1]

●	Opening ceremony	●	Event competitions	●	Event finals	●	Closing ceremony

Date	July		August
Date	30th Sat	31th Sun	1h Mon	2th Tue	3th Wed	4th Thu	5th Fri	6th Sat	7th Sun	8th Mon	9th Tue	10th Wed	11th Thu	12th Fri	13th Sat	14th Sun
Sailing (actual)							● ● ● ●	● ● ● ●	●● ● ● ●	● ● ● ●	● ● ●	●● ● ●	●●● ●	●
Total gold medals										8 Metre		6 Metre	Snowbird	Star
Ceremonies	●															●

Medal summary ^[2]

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze Template:Sailing Olympic Podium Template:Sailing Olympic Podium Template:Sailing Olympic Podium Template:Sailing Olympic Podium

Medal tables

Sailing 1932 ^[2]

Total		4	4	3	11
1	United States (USA)	2	1	0	3
2	Sweden (SWE)	1	0	1	2
3	France (FRA)	1	0	0	1
4	Canada (CAN)	0	1	1	2
5	Great Britain (GBR)	0	1	0	1
5	Netherlands (NED)	0	1	0	1
7	Spain (ESP)	0	0	1	1

Sailing 1896–1932 ^[2]

Total	16	45	37	31	113
1	Norway (NOR)	12	5	1	18
2	Great Britain (GBR)	10	4	2	16
3	France (FRA)	8	10	13	31
4	Sweden (SWE)	5	4	3	13
5	Netherlands (NED)	2	4	1	7
6	Belgium (BEL)	2	2	1	5
7	United States (USA)	2	1	2	5
8	Mixed team (ZZX)	2	0	0	2
9	Germany (GER)	1	1	0	2
9	Switzerland (SUI)	1	1	0	2
11	Denmark (DEN)	0	3	0	3
12	Finland (FIN)	0	1	4	5
13	Canada (CAN)	0	1	1	2
14	Spain (ESP)	0	0	1	1
	Estonia (EST)	0	0	1	1
	Russia (RUS)	0	0	1	1

Ranking of the countries over the years

Graphic that showed the changes in the standing of the countries over the years.

Notes

Star

The 1932 Olympics featured for the first time the Star as Olympic discipline. This turned out to be so far the longest run for a sailing discipline in the Olympics. The Star was an Olympic class from 1932 - 2012 with the exception of 1976.

Snowbird

The USOC proposed to discontinue the 12' Dinghy in favour of of a small V-bottom Catboat locally known as the Snowbird as the single handed one design class. This proposal was carried by the IYRU and IOC. The locally available Snowbirds were equipped with new masts, sails and rigging.

Medical assistance

For medical incidents during the Yachting events a United States Navy boat and a US Coast Guard boat were on duty during the races. This boats were equipped with an inhalator and crew furnished by the Los Angeles Fire Department.

Seven local physicians provided voluntary service (in alphabetical order):

Edward G. Eisen, M.D., Head Physician
Stanley Boller, M.D.
J. Park Dougall, M.D.
K. E. Kretzschmar, M.D.
G. A. Laubersheimer, M.D.
Wayland A. Morrison, M.D.
Ewald Werner, M.D.

Other information

Sailors in multiple diciplines

Three sailors attempted to sail in the Snownbird and the Star. This was a challenge since the schedule of the Snowbird was modified due to the light air weather conditions in the mornings of the regattas.^[1]

George Colin Ratsey (GBR)
Bob Maas (NED)
Cecil Goodricke (RSA)

Sailing

During the Sailing regatta's at the 1928 Summer Olympics among others the following persons were competing in the various classes:

France (FRA), Jacques Lebrun, French boat designer and technical director of the French national association
Netherlands (NED), Bob Maas, Dutch long time Star sailor
United States (USA), United States yachtsman an American industrialist Donald Wills Douglas, Jr. in the 6 Metre
United States (USA), United States yachting legend and inventor of the Swimfin, Owen Churchill in the 8 Metre

Sailors at the 1932 Olympic Games

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f (ed.) Browne, Francis Granger (1933). Official Report of the Games of the X Olympiad (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles, U.S. A. 1932, LTD. Retrieved 22 March 2015. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c "Olympic Medal Winners". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 22 March 2015.

[A-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f (ed.) Browne, Francis Granger (1933). Official Report of the Games of the X Olympiad (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles, U.S. A. 1932, LTD. Retrieved 22 March 2015. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)

[B-2] "Olympic Medal Winners". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 22 March 2015.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 }}
 '''[[Sailing|Sailing/Yachting]]''' is an [[Olympic sport]] starting from the Games of the 1st [[Olympiad]] ([[Sailing at the 1896 Summer Olympics|1896 Olympics]] in Athens [[Greece]]). With the exception of [[1904 Summer Olympics|1904]] and possible [[1916 Summer Olympics|1916]] sailing was always a part of the Olympic program. The Sailing program of 1932 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class races were scheduled from 5–12 August directly off the [[Port of Los Angeles|Los Angeles Harbor]] on the Pacific Ocean.
-== Previously on Sailing at the Summer Olympics ==
-=== The Gentlemen years 1896 – 1912 ===
-{{Details|Sailing at the Summer Olympics#The Gentlemen years|The Gentlemen years}}
-=== The Yachtsmen years 1920 – 1936 ===
-* [[Sailing at the 1920 Summer Olympics|1920:]] When [[Antwerp]] was assigned to host the 1920 Olympic Games, [[Ostend]] was appointed for the sailing contests. Ostend - "The Queen of the Belgian sea-side resorts" - offers fair condition for sailing on the North Sea. However there are tidal conditions the current is reasonable predictable. Local knowledge does not have too much influence of the races. The wind conditions are also good for sailing. In the case of the 1920 Summer Olympic regatta's the prevailing breeze did not show. Most races had to be sailed under light air conditions. The competition was open for a total of sixteen classes. Two classes had a "No show".
-* [[Sailing at the 1924 Summer Olympics|1924:]] After the massive amount of classes used four years earlier only three classes were selected for the 1924 Olympics. Again there was a one design class. The two other classes were construction classes of the International Metre type. Two locations were used: [[Meulan]] was the venue for the Olympic regatta's in the ''French National Monotype''. The host club for the 1924 Olympic Sailing at Meulan was the ''Cercle de la Voile de Paris''. The race conditions at Meulan during the Olympic regatta were not ideal. The light breeze during the first elimination series could hardly make the sailing interesting. [[Le Havre]] was the venue for the Olympic regattas for the ''6 and 8 Metre''. The host club for the 1924 Olympic Sailing at Le Havre was the ''Société des Régates du Havre''. Due to the Easterly winds the courses at Le Havre were mostly reaches. Sailing a windward leg was not really tested. This however was more or less custom for that era. Furthermore this was the first Olympic regatta were just one competing team per class per country was allowed.
-* [[Sailing at the 1928 Summer Olympics|1928:]] Like in the 1924 Olympics only three classes were chosen. There was the revival of the 12' Dinghy  from the 1920 Olympics and again the proven 6 and 8 Metre classes. This Olympic sailing regatta can be considered as the first Olympic regatta with a high quality of racing since there were: Well selected classes that represented sailing; Sufficient competitors per class and Good and fair sailing conditions. The only disadvantage was the daily passing of the [[Lock (water transport)|Oranjesluizen]].
 == Venue <ref name="A" />==
 {{Infobox building

v t e Olympic venues in sailing
20th century	1900: Meulan, Le Havre 1908: Ryde, Hunters Quay 1912: Nynäshamn 1920: Ostend, Buiten Y 1924: Le Havre, Meulan 1928: Buiten Y, Zuiderzee 1932: Los Angeles Harbor 1936: Kiel Bay 1948: Torbay 1952: Harmaja, Liuskasaari 1956: Port Phillip 1960: Gulf of Naples 1964: Enoshima 1968: Club de Yates de Acapulco 1972: Bay of Kiel 1976: Portsmouth Olympic Harbour 1980: Olympic Regatta in Tallinn 1984: Long Beach Shoreline Marina 1988: Busan Yachting Center 1992: Olympic Harbour 1996: Wassaw Sound
21st century	2000: Rushcutters Bay 2004: Agios Kosmas Olympic Sailing Centre 2008: Qingdao International Sailing Centre 2012: Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy 2016: Marina da Glória 2020: Enoshima 2024: Old Port of Marseille 2028: Belmont Veterans Memorial Pier 2032: Alexandra Headland, Queensland, Manly, Queensland