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*[[Cornelis Tromp]], Dutch and Danish admiral-general (1676){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Cornelis Tromp]], Dutch and Danish admiral-general (1676){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann]], politician and landowner (1790){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann]], politician and landowner (1790){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Duke William Frederick Philip of Württemberg]], Danish general and Governor of Copenhagen during the Slaget på Reden ([[Battle of Copenhagen (1801)]])
*[[Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup|J.B.S. Estrup]], Danish landowner, politician and President of the Council of State (1878){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup|J.B.S. Estrup]], Danish landowner, politician and President of the Council of State (1878){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Vilhelm Thomsen]], Professor, Dr. Phil., Danish linguist (1912){{fact|date=May 2014}}
*[[Vilhelm Thomsen]], Professor, Dr. Phil., Danish linguist (1912){{fact|date=May 2014}}

Revision as of 07:45, 13 April 2015

Order of the Elephant
Elefantordenen
Badge of the Order of the Elephant
TypeChivalric order in one class
Post-nominalsR. af E.
(Ridder af Elefantordenen)
MottoMagnanimi Pretium
(Latin: The prize of greatness)
StatusCurrently constituted
Established1693
Order of the Elephant ribbon
Precedence
Next (higher)None (Highest)
Next (lower)Order of the Dannebrog
For the order in Thailand, see Order of the White Elephant.
Collar of the Order of the Elephant.
Der Elefantenorden auf einer Grabstätte der Familie Blome in Heiligenstedten

The Order of the Elephant (Template:Lang-da) is the highest order of Denmark. It has origins in the 15th century, but has officially existed since 1693, and since the establishment of constitutional monarchy in 1849, is now almost exclusively bestowed on royalty and heads of state.[1]

History

A Danish religious confraternity called the Fellowship of the Mother of God, limited to about fifty members of the Danish aristocracy, was founded during the reign of Christian I during the 15th century. The badge of the confraternity showed the Virgin Mary holding her Son within a crescent moon and surrounded with the rays of the sun, and was hung from a collar of links in the form of elephants much like the present collar of the Order. After the Reformation in 1536 the confraternity died out, but a badge in the form of an elephant with his profile on its right side was still awarded by Frederick II.[2] This latter badge may have been inspired by the badge of office of the chaplain of the confraternity which is known to have been in the form of an elephant. The order was instituted in its current form on 1 December 1693 by King Christian V as having only one class consisting of only 30 noble knights in addition to the Grand Master (i.e., the king) and his sons.[3] The statutes of the order were amended in 1958 by a Royal Ordinance so that both men and women could be members of the order.

The elephant and castle design derives from an elephant carrying a howdah, the familiar castle replacing the unfamiliar howdah, and finds use elsewhere in European iconography, as discussed at howdah.

Use

The Danish monarch is the head of the order. The order is worn by members of the royal family, and may also be bestowed on foreign heads of state. In very exceptional circumstances the order may also be bestowed on a commoner. The most recent holder of the order who was neither a current or former head of state nor royal was Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, a leading industrialist and philanthropist.

The order of the Elephant has one class: Knight of the Order of the Elephant (Ridder af Elefantordenen, usually abbreviated as R. af E. in letters et cetera). Knights of the order are granted a place in the 1st Class of the Danish order of precedence as well as the right to use the honorific style His/Her Excellency (HE).

Insignia

Coat of arms of Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway surrounded by the collars of the Order of the Elephant and the Order of the Dannebrog
  • The collar of the order is of gold. It consists of alternating elephants and towers. On the cover of the elephants there is a D which stands for Dania, mediaeval Latin for Denmark. According to the statutes of the order, the collar can only be worn on New Years Day (during the Danish monarch's New Years Court) and on the Monarch's birthday.
  • The badge of the order is an elephant made of white-enamelled gold with blue housings. It is about 5 cm high. On its back the elephant is bearing a watch tower of pink enameled masonry encircled by a row of small table cut diamonds at the bottom with another row just below the crenellation at the top. In front of the tower and behind the elephant’s head (which has a diamond set in its forehead and smaller diamonds for its eyes) a colorfully attired and turbaned Moor mahout is sitting, holding a golden rod; on the right side of the elephant there is a cross of five large table cut diamonds and on the left side the elephant bears the crowned monogram of the monarch reigning when it was made. At the top of the tower is a large enameled gold ring from which the badge can be hung from the collar or tied to the sash of the Order. There are about 72 elephants at the chancery of the Order or in circulation. It is estimated that together with an unknown number of elephants in museums around the world, the total number of the elephants is about a hundred.[4]
  • The star of the order is an eight-pointed silver star with smooth rays. At its center there is a red enameled disc with a cross,[5] surrounded by a laurel wreath in silver. It is worn on the left side of the chest.
  • The sash of the order is of light-blue silk moiré and 10 cm wide for men 6 cm wide for women. It is placed on the left shoulder with the elephant resting against the right hip. The collar is not worn when the sash is used.
  • The order originally had a distinctive habit worn by the knights on very solemn occasions[6] consisting of a white doublet, white breeches, white stockings and white shoes, over which was worn a red mantle with a white lining and with the star of the order embroidered in silver on left side. Over this red mantle was worn a short white shoulder cape with a standing collar, embroidered with scattering of numerous gold flames, upon which was worn the collar of the order (the habit was alway worn with the collar of the order, never its ribbon). The habit also had a black hat with a plume of white and red ostrich feathers. This habit was almost identical to that worn by the knights of the Order of the Dannebrog.

Upon the death of a Knight of the Order of the Elephant, the insignia of the order must be returned. The only known exception to this policy is the insignia of United States President Dwight Eisenhower, which is on display at his presidential library.

Current knights and officers

see also: List of Knights of the Order of the Elephant

Sovereign of the Royal Danish Orders of Chivalry

Current Knights of the Elephant listed by date of appointment

Officers of the Chapter of the Royal Danish Orders of Chivalry

  • Chancellor: Prince Henrik, The Prince Consort
  • Secretary: Henning Fode, Chamberlain, Private Secretary to The Queen
  • Treasurer: Ambassador Paul Fischer, LL.D., Chamberlain
  • Secretary of the Chapter: Per Thornit, Chamberlain, Chief of TRH The Crown Prince and The Crown Princess's Household
  • Historiographer of the Chapter: Knud J.V. Jespersen, dr. phil.

Other notable knights

Previous knights have included:

Fictional Members

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Royal Orders of Chivalry". The Danish Monarchy. 14 January 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  2. ^ Rosenborg Slot - Objects
  3. ^ The knights of the Order were often called the Blue Knights (in reference to the color of their ribbon), as opposed to the White Knights (again, in reference to the color of their ribbon) of the junior Danish order of chivalry, the Order of the Dannebrog, also instituted by Christian V.
  4. ^ In an article entitled "Has anyone seen our elephant?" The July 1, 2004 issue of the Copenhagen Post reported that the original mold for the elephant badge had been stolen from the court jeweler, Georg Jensen.
  5. ^ Originally this cross was formed of six brilliant cut diamonds, but at present it is formed of six small hemispherical silver beads.
  6. ^ i.e., at Danish coronations.
  7. ^ Photobucket
  8. ^ Official List of Knights of the Order of the Elephant. Template:Da icon
  9. ^ Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon, entry "Tycho Brahe" Template:Da icon
  10. ^ a b Slater, Stephen (2013). The Illustrated Book of Heraldry. Wigston, Leicestershire: Lorenz Books. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-7548-2659-0. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

Media related to Order of the Elephant at Wikimedia Commons

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