Jump to content

Pol Le Gourrierec: Difference between revisions

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
ce
Line 6: Line 6:
==Early life==
==Early life==


Born in [[Cléguérec]] on January 15, 1921,<ref name="Le Nail2009"/> he was fluent in [[Breton]] as well as French.<ref name="Le Nail2009"/><ref name="Le Nail2014"/> In January 1945, he was one of the founders, along with poet and editor [[Ronan Huon]], of the Breton language cultural magazine, ''Tír na nÓg'' <ref name="BroNevez2001"/><ref>Nouvelles bilingues Youenn Gwernig, Ronan Huon, Vefa de Bellaing an Here, 2002</ref> which merged in 1948 with ''[[Al Liamm]]''.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/>
Born in [[Cléguérec]] on January 15, 1921,<ref name="Le Nail2009"/> he was fluent in [[Breton]] as well as French.<ref name="Le Nail2009"/><ref name="Le Nail2014"/> In January 1945, he was one of the founders, along with poet and editor [[Ronan Huon]], of the Breton language cultural magazine, ''Tír na nÓg'' <ref name="BroNevez2001"/><ref name="Gwernig2002"/> which merged in 1948 with ''[[Al Liamm]]''.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/>
==Diplomatic service==
==Diplomatic service==
He had an early interest in North Africa.<ref name="Gourrierec1947"/> In 1948, he joined the diplomatic service.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/>
He had an early interest in North Africa.<ref name="Gourrierec1947"/> In 1948, he joined the diplomatic service.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/>
Line 22: Line 22:
==Family==
==Family==
His son, Alain Le Gourriérec,<ref name="Le Nail2014"/> was French Ambassador to Paraguay from 1993 to 1994,<ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|88}} to Chile from 2001 to 2005,<ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|49}} and to Mexico from 2005 to 2008.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/><ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|81}}
His son, Alain Le Gourriérec,<ref name="Le Nail2014"/> was French Ambassador to Paraguay from 1993 to 1994,<ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|88}} to Chile from 2001 to 2005,<ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|49}} and to Mexico from 2005 to 2008.<ref name="Le Nail2014"/><ref name="Liste"/>{{rp|81}}

hI5iAAAAMAAJ


== References ==
== References ==
Line 39: Line 41:


<ref name="Gourrierec1947">Le Gourrierec P. ''Deux aspects de la renaissance arabe en Tunisie''. École nationale d'administration (ENA). 1947</ref>
<ref name="Gourrierec1947">Le Gourrierec P. ''Deux aspects de la renaissance arabe en Tunisie''. École nationale d'administration (ENA). 1947</ref>

<ref name="Gwernig2002">Gwernig Y, Huon R, de Bellaing V. ''Nouvelles bilingues''. an Here, 2002</ref>


<ref name="Kemp2014">Kemp RS. ''The Nonproliferation Emperor Has No Clothes''. MIT Press. [http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89182]</ref>
<ref name="Kemp2014">Kemp RS. ''The Nonproliferation Emperor Has No Clothes''. MIT Press. [http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89182]</ref>

Revision as of 06:00, 3 August 2015


Pol Le Gourrierec (or Le Gourriérec) was a French diplomat. He is most prominently known for an incident during his service as French Ambassador to Pakistan.

Early life

Born in Cléguérec on January 15, 1921,[1] he was fluent in Breton as well as French.[1][2] In January 1945, he was one of the founders, along with poet and editor Ronan Huon, of the Breton language cultural magazine, Tír na nÓg [3][4] which merged in 1948 with Al Liamm.[2]

Diplomatic service

He had an early interest in North Africa.[5] In 1948, he joined the diplomatic service.[2]

He served as an embassy secretary in Morocco in the late 1950s,[6] and was Chargés d'Affaires in Iraq from February to September 1963.[7]: 67 [8]: 77  In the late 1960s, he was Director of North African Affairs, and visited Tunisia in 1969.[9] He served as French Ambassador to Bulgaria from 1971 to 1975,[7]: 46  to Pakistan from 1976 to 1979,[7]: 87  and to the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic from 1979 to 1982.[7]: 102 

Pakistan

Background

The French had initially resisted US pressure to cancel a contract to build a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, but the deal collapsed sometime in late 1978 or by February 1979 as the French became concerned about Pakistan's intentions regarding nuclear weapons.[10]: 472 [11]

Incident

On 25 June 1979, as they were driving alone through the town of Kahuta some 25 miles southwest of Islamabad, in a vehicle with a local rather than a diplomatic number plate and without displaying a diplomatic flag, Le Gourrierec and his First Secretary, Jean Forlot, were stopped at a checkpoint. According to Denoël, they were driving to Islamabad, and intended to visit a long-unused military fortress, but accidentally took a wrong turn and passed near a secret nuclear bomb complex.[12]: 191  However, according to several sources, their presence was intentional.[10] There was a physical altercation with five or six men.[10]: 66 [13][14]

Le Gourrierec was severely beaten,[13][15] and sustained a broken tooth, while Forlot had a split skull.[16] The men who assaulted them were not bandits or thugs, as initially suggested by the Pakistani authorities,[12] but were plain-clothed members of the security forces, acting under orders.[13][14] According to Khan, Forlot was passing on information to the CIA and may have been actively spying on its behalf.[13][14][17] Khan suggests that foreigners "got the message" and subsequently avoided the area,[13] but the Yugoslav ambassador later drove slowly along the perimeter wall in a show of solidarity, albeit with a diplomatic flag.[10]

Family

His son, Alain Le Gourriérec,[2] was French Ambassador to Paraguay from 1993 to 1994,[7]: 88  to Chile from 2001 to 2005,[7]: 49  and to Mexico from 2005 to 2008.[2][7]: 81 

hI5iAAAAMAAJ

References

  1. ^ a b Le Nail B. Des Bretons au Mexique. Portes du larges. 2009. ISBN 9782914612272 page 202.
  2. ^ a b c d e Le Nail B. [1]
  3. ^ Bro Nevez: Newsletter of the U.S. Branch, Issues 77-88. The Branch, 2001 [2]
  4. ^ Gwernig Y, Huon R, de Bellaing V. Nouvelles bilingues. an Here, 2002
  5. ^ Le Gourrierec P. Deux aspects de la renaissance arabe en Tunisie. École nationale d'administration (ENA). 1947
  6. ^ http://www.jstor.org/stable/40773143?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Liste chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés d'Affaires de France à l'Étranger depuis 1945. (PDF, in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France). [3] Retrieved 2 Aug 2015.
  8. ^ Styan D. France and Iraq: Oil, Arms and French Policy-Making in the Middle East. Library of International Relations published by I. B. Tauris, 2006. ISBN 9781845110451
  9. ^ French Foreign Policy. Ambassade de France, Service de presse et d'information. January to June 1969, page 88. [4]
  10. ^ a b c d Levy A, Scott-Clarck C: Deception: Pakistan, the United States, and the Secret Trade in Nuclear Weapons. Walker Books, 2007, ISBN 9780802715548
  11. ^ India warned would 'smash' Pakistan nukes: US files. The Economic Times. PTI Dec 23, 2010. [5]
  12. ^ a b Denoël Y. 1979. Guerres secrètes au Moyen-Orient. Nouveau Monde éditions, 2008. ISBN 9782847363951
  13. ^ a b c d e Khan AQ. Unsung heroes. The News International. August 04, 2014 http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-9-265190-Unsung-heroes
  14. ^ a b c Kemp RS. The Nonproliferation Emperor Has No Clothes. MIT Press. [6]
  15. ^ National Security Archive's Nuclear Documentation Project. The United States and Pakistan's Quest for the Bomb: Newly Declassified Documents Disclose Carter Administration's Unsuccessful Efforts to Roll Back Islamabad's Secret Nuclear Program The George Washington University. 2010. [7]
  16. ^ L'Express Paris, Presse-Union. 1979 page 66 [8]
  17. ^ Abid A. The Secret Documents Recovered from the US Embassy, Tehran. Fore-Runners, Karachi. 1986
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Pol_Le_Gourrierec&oldid=674326080"