Biocompatible material: Difference between revisions
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| ⚫ | In [[surgery]], a '''biocompatible material''' (sometimes shortened to '''biomaterial''') is a synthetic or natural material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living [[biological tissue|tissue]]. Biocompatible materials are intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any tissue, [[organ (anatomy)|organ]] or [[biological function|function]] of the body. Biomaterials are usually [[viability|non-viable]], but may also be viable. |
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{{dablink|For other meanings see: [[Biological material]].}} |
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| ⚫ | In [[surgery]], a '''biomaterial''' is a synthetic or natural material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living [[biological tissue|tissue]]. |
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A biocompatible material is different from a biological material such as [[bone]] that is produced by a [[biological system]]. [[Artificial hip]]s, [[vascular stent]]s, [[artificial pacemaker]]s, and [[catheter]]s are all made from different biomaterials and comprise different [[medical devices]]. |
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[[Biomimetic]] materials are not made by living organisms but have compositions and properties similar to those made by living organisms. The calcium [[hydroxylapatite]] coating found on many artificial hips is used as a [[bone]] replacement that allows for easier attachment of the [[Implant (medicine)|implant]] to the [[living]] [[bone]]. |
[[Biomimetic]] materials are not made by living organisms but have compositions and properties similar to those made by living organisms. The calcium [[hydroxylapatite]] coating found on many artificial hips is used as a [[bone]] replacement that allows for easier attachment of the [[Implant (medicine)|implant]] to the [[living]] [[bone]]. |
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[[Surface functionalization]] may provide a way to transform a bio-inert material into a [[biomimetic]] or even bio-active material by coupling of [[protein]] layers to the [[surface]], or coating the surface with self-assembling peptide scaffolds to lend bioactivity and/or cell attachment 3-D matrix. |
[[Surface functionalization]] may provide a way to transform a bio-inert material into a [[biomimetic]] or even bio-active material by coupling of [[protein]] layers to the [[surface]], or coating the surface with self-assembling peptide scaffolds to lend bioactivity and/or cell attachment 3-D matrix. |
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Different approaches to functionalization of biomaterials exist. [[Plasma processing]] has been successfully applied to chemically inert materials like [[polymer]]s or [[silicon]] to graft various [[functional group]]s to the [[surface]] of the implant. |
Different approaches to functionalization of biomaterials exist. [[Plasma processing]] has been successfully applied to chemically inert materials like [[polymer]]s or [[silicon]] to graft various [[functional group]]s to the [[surface]] of the implant. |
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Revision as of 14:40, 4 August 2006
In surgery, a biocompatible material (sometimes shortened to biomaterial) is a synthetic or natural material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living tissue. Biocompatible materials are intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any tissue, organ or function of the body. Biomaterials are usually non-viable, but may also be viable.
A biocompatible material is different from a biological material such as bone that is produced by a biological system. Artificial hips, vascular stents, artificial pacemakers, and catheters are all made from different biomaterials and comprise different medical devices.
Biomimetic materials are not made by living organisms but have compositions and properties similar to those made by living organisms. The calcium hydroxylapatite coating found on many artificial hips is used as a bone replacement that allows for easier attachment of the implant to the living bone.
Surface functionalization may provide a way to transform a bio-inert material into a biomimetic or even bio-active material by coupling of protein layers to the surface, or coating the surface with self-assembling peptide scaffolds to lend bioactivity and/or cell attachment 3-D matrix.
Different approaches to functionalization of biomaterials exist. Plasma processing has been successfully applied to chemically inert materials like polymers or silicon to graft various functional groups to the surface of the implant.
See also
External links
- Publications on MIT's latest synthetic biocompatible biomaterials from luminaries Shuguang Zhang, Alex Rich, Robert Langer, Alan Grodzinsky
- PuraMatrix synthetic clinical-grade hydrogel biomaterials
- COOK® Medical Biomaterials | SIS Technology
References
- Dorland medical dictionary
- Larousse dictionary of science and technology
- William's dictionary of biomaterials, DF Williams, 1999, ISBN 0-85323-921-5
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