English diaspora: Difference between revisions

English diaspora
Total population
	c. 100 million worldwide
Regions with significant populations
	England 37.6 million ; (67.1% of England identified themselves with an English identity)
United States	25,927,345 – 49,598,035
Australia	7,238,500 c
Canada	6,570,015 b
New Zealand	44,202 – 281,895
Languages
	English
Religion
	Christianity · Predominately Protestantism (Anglicanism • Methodism • Baptists • Congregationalism • Mormonism • Other Protestants • Roman Catholicism) · Irreligious.

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The English diaspora consists of English people and their descendants who emigrated from England. The diaspora is concentrated in countries such as United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and other parts of the Anglosphere, and to a lesser extent, Spain and continental Europe.

Origins of the English Empire

The first organized large-scale English diaspora began when English Catholics exiled themselves from Henry VIII's religious policies to Hapsburg lands, especially the nearest Catholic intellectual center, the university of Louvain which was by the late 1540's a bastion of ultra-orthodoxy. This was redoubled by a further wave of emigration under Edward VI's more radically Protestant regime.^[7]

Age of Discovery

After the Age of Discovery the peoples of the England were among the earliest and by far the largest communities to emigrate out of Europe, and the British Empire's expansion during the first half of the 19th century saw an extraordinary dispersion of English people, with particular concentrations in North America and Australasia.^[8]

The British Empire was "built on waves of migration overseas by British people",^[9] who left Great Britain, later the United Kingdom, and reached across the globe and permanently affected population structures in three continents.^[8] As a result of the British colonisation of the Americas, what became the United States was "easily the greatest single destination of emigrant British", but in the Federation of Australia the British experienced a birth rate higher than anything seen before, resulting in the displacement of indigenous Australians.^[8]

Americas

Argeintina

English settlers arrived in Buenos Aires in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when Argentina was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.^[10]

As well as those who went to Argentina as industrialists and major landowners, others went as railway engineers, civil engineers and to work in banking and commerce.^[11] Others went to become whalers, missionaries and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the black sheep of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in cattle and wheat. English settlers introduced football to Argentina.^[12] Some English families owned sugar plantations.^[11]

English culture, or a version of it as perceived from outside, had a noted effect on the culture of Argentina, mainly in the middle classes. In 1888 local Anglo-Argentines established the Hurlingham Club, based on its namesake in London. The city of Hurlingham, Buenos Aires and Hurlingham Partido in Buenos Aires Province later grew up around the club and took their names from it. The Córdoba Athletic Club, one of the oldest sports clubs in Argentina, was founded in 1882 by English men that lived in Córdoba working in the railroads.

Canada

United States

English heritage in the United States 1700-2010^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]
Year	Ancestry	Population	Percent

1700	English & Welsh		80.0%
1755	English & Welsh		52.0%
1775	English		48.7%
1790	English	1,900,000	60.9%
1980	English	49,598,035	26.34%
1990	English	32,651,788	13.1%
2000	English	24,515,138	8.7%
2010	English	27,657,961	7.7%

Estimates and official Census figures.

English settlement in America began with Jamestown in the Virginia Colony in 1607. With the permission of James I, three ships (the Susan Constant, The Discovery, and The God Speed) sailed from England and landed at Cape Henry in April, under the captainship of Christopher Newport,^[19] who had been hired by the London Company to lead expeditions to what is now America.^[20]

In the 2013 American Community Survey English Americans were (7.7%) of the Unites States population behind the German Americans at (14.6%) and Irish Americans at (10.5%).^[21]However, demographers regard this as a serious undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category in the 2000 census) to identify as simply Americans^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25] or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.^[26] In the 1980 United States Census, over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.34% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States.^[27]^[28] Six out of the ten most common surnames in the United States are of English origin, the other four are of Welsh and Spanish origin.^[29] Scotch-Irish Americans are descendants of Lowland Scots and Northern English (specifically: County Durham, Cumberland, Northumberland and Westmorland) settlers who colonized Ireland during the Plantation of Ulster in the 17th century.

The overwhelming majority of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America were of English extraction, including Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, John Adams, James Madison^[30] and Thomas Jefferson.

Asia-Pacific

Australia

Australia's capital Sydney was founded by the British government as a penal colony. Visitors described the English character of Sydney for at least the first 50 years after 1788, noting the traditional English appearance of the churches overlooking the convict barracks. First-generation Sydney residents, other than the disappearing Aborigines, were predominantly English. 160,000 convicts came to Australia between 1788 and 1850.^[31] Between 1788 and 1840, 80,000 English convicts were transported to New South Wales, with the greatest numbers coming between 1825 and 1835. The New South Wales Census of 1846 accounted for 57,349 born in England.

Australians of English descent, are both the single largest ethnic group in Australia and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian Census.^[32] In the 2011 census, 7.2 million or 36.1% of respondents identified as "English" or a combination including English, such as English-Australian. The census also documented 910,000 residents of Australia as being born in England.^[33]^[34] English Australians have more often come from the south than the north of England.^[35]

New Zealand

References

^ The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the population of England and Wales.
^ 2010 ACS Ancestry estimates
^ US Census 1980
^ (Ancestry) The 2011 Australian Census reports 7,238,500 people of English ancestry.
^ (Ethnic origin) The 2006 Canadian Census gives 1,367,125 respondents stating their ethnic origin as English as a single response, and 5,202,890 including multiple responses, giving a combined total of 6,570,015.
^ (Ethnic origin) The 2006 New Zealand census reports 44,202 people (based on pre-assigned ethnic categories) stating they belong to the English ethnic group. The 1996 census used a different question to both the 1991 and the 2001 censuses, which had "a tendency for respondents to answer the 1996 question on the basis of ancestry (or descent) rather than 'ethnicity' (or cultural affiliation)" and reported 281,895 people with English origins; See also the figures for 'New Zealand European'.
^ Locating the English Diaspora, 1500-2010 By Tanja Bueltmann, David T. Gleeson, Donald M. MacRaild(Page 17).
^ ^a ^b ^c Ember et al 2004, p. 47.
^ Marshall 2001, p. 254.
^ "Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century". British Settlers in Argentina—studies in 19th and 20th century emigration. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference IAA001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Guardian657865 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People By Paul Boyer
^ "Scots to Colonial North Carolina Before 1775". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ "U.S. Federal Census :: United States Federal Census :: US Federal Census". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ Cite error: The named reference lieberson1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life. By Philip Perlmutter
^ "Rank of States for Selected Ancestry Groups with 100,00 or more persons: 1980" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
^ Cite error: The named reference English Emigration was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Newport, Christopher". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^ "Selected Social Characteristics in the United States (DP02): 2013 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
^ Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America By Dominic J. Pulera.
^ Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.
^ Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.
^ Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.
^ Mary C. Waters, Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36.
^ Data on selected ancestry groups.
^ 1980 United States Census
^ Genealogy Data: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000
^ [1]^{[dead link‍]}
^ "Australia's founding felons get a long-delayed pardon". The New York Times. 19 November 1982.
^ "Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
^ "Australia 2011 census demographic breakdown table, Bloomberg.com".
^ 2006 Census QuickStats : Australia. censusdata.abs.gov.au
^ J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103

[1] The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the population of England and Wales.

[Census_2010,_ACS_Ancestry_estimates-2] 2010 ACS Ancestry estimates

[3] US Census 1980

[4] (Ancestry) The 2011 Australian Census reports 7,238,500 people of English ancestry.

[5] (Ethnic origin) The 2006 Canadian Census gives 1,367,125 respondents stating their ethnic origin as English as a single response, and 5,202,890 including multiple responses, giving a combined total of 6,570,015.

[6] (Ethnic origin) The 2006 New Zealand census reports 44,202 people (based on pre-assigned ethnic categories) stating they belong to the English ethnic group. The 1996 census used a different question to both the 1991 and the 2001 censuses, which had "a tendency for respondents to answer the 1996 question on the basis of ancestry (or descent) rather than 'ethnicity' (or cultural affiliation)" and reported 281,895 people with English origins; See also the figures for 'New Zealand European'.

[7] Locating the English Diaspora, 1500-2010 By Tanja Bueltmann, David T. Gleeson, Donald M. MacRaild(Page 17).

[BritDis47-8] Ember et al 2004, p. 47.

[Marsh254-9] Marshall 2001, p. 254.

[BSIA001-10] "Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century". British Settlers in Argentina—studies in 19th and 20th century emigration. Retrieved 8 January 2008.

[IAA001-11] Cite error: The named reference IAA001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Guardian657865-12] Cite error: The named reference Guardian657865 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[13] The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People By Paul Boyer

[14] "Scots to Colonial North Carolina Before 1775". Retrieved 17 March 2015.

[15] "U.S. Federal Census :: United States Federal Census :: US Federal Census". Retrieved 17 March 2015.

[lieberson1-16] Cite error: The named reference lieberson1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[17] The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life. By Philip Perlmutter

[18] "Rank of States for Selected Ancestry Groups with 100,00 or more persons: 1980" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 November 2012.

[English_Emigration-19] Cite error: The named reference English Emigration was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[20] "Newport, Christopher". Retrieved 17 March 2015.

[2013_ACS-21] "Selected Social Characteristics in the United States (DP02): 2013 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 11, 2014.

[22] Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America By Dominic J. Pulera.

[23] Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.

[24] Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.

[25] Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.

[26] Mary C. Waters, Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36.

[27] Data on selected ancestry groups.

[28] 1980 United States Census

[29] Genealogy Data: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000

[americanheritage.com-30] [1]^{[dead link‍]}

[31] "Australia's founding felons get a long-delayed pardon". The New York Times. 19 November 1982.

[32] "Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2012.

[33] "Australia 2011 census demographic breakdown table, Bloomberg.com".

[34] 2006 Census QuickStats : Australia. censusdata.abs.gov.au

[35] J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Infobox ethnic group
-#REDIRECT [[English people#English diaspora]]
+|group = English diaspora
+|image =
+|caption=
+|population = '''[[Circa|c.]] 100 million''' worldwide
+|region =
+|popplace = {{ENG}} 37.6 million <br>(67.1%  of England identified themselves with an English identity)<ref>The [http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rpt-ethnicity.html#tab-National-identity-in-England-and-Wales 2011 England and Wales census] reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the population of England and Wales.</ref>
+|region1 = {{USA}}
+|pop1 = 25,927,345 – 49,598,035
+|ref1 =<ref name="Census 2010, ACS Ancestry estimates">[http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table 2010 ACS Ancestry estimates]</ref><ref>[http://www.census.gov/population/censusdata/pc80-s1-10/tab02.pdf US Census 1980]</ref>
+|region3 = {{AUS}}
+|pop3 = 7,238,500 {{smallsup|c}}
+|ref3 = <ref>(Ancestry) The [http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013 2011 Australian Census] reports 7,238,500 people of English ''ancestry''.</ref>
+|region4 = {{CAN}}
+|pop4 = 6,570,015 {{smallsup|b}}
+|ref4 = {{lower|<ref>(Ethnic origin) The [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 2006 Canadian Census] gives 1,367,125 respondents stating their ''ethnic origin'' as English as a single response, and 5,202,890 including multiple responses, giving a combined total of 6,570,015.</ref>}}
+|region5 = {{NZL}}
+|pop5 = 44,202 – 281,895
+|ref5 = {{lower|<ref>(Ethnic origin) The [http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-culture-identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity.htm?page=para017Master 2006 New Zealand census] reports 44,202 people (based on pre-assigned ethnic categories) stating they belong to the English ethnic group. The 1996 census [http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2001-census-statistics/change-in-ethnicity-question.htm used a different question] to both the 1991 and the 2001 censuses, which had ''"a tendency for respondents to answer the 1996 question on the basis of ancestry (or descent) rather than 'ethnicity' (or cultural affiliation)"'' and reported 281,895 people with English origins; See also the figures for '[[New Zealand European]]'.</ref>}}
+|languages = [[English language|English]]
+|religions =[[File:P christianity.svg|18px|alt=|link=]] [[Christianity]]{{·}}[[Protestant|Predominately Protestantism]] <small>([[Anglicanism]]{{•}}[[Methodism]]{{•}}[[Baptists]]{{•}}[[Congregational church|Congregationalism]]{{•}} [[Mormonism]]{{•}} [[Protestant|Other Protestants]]{{•}} [[Roman Catholicism]])</small>{{·}}[[Irreligion|Irreligious]].
+|footnotes =
+}}
+The '''English [[diaspora]]''' consists of [[English people]] and their [[Lineal descendant|descendants]] who [[emigrated]] from [[England]]. The diaspora is concentrated in countries such as [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[South Africa]] and other parts of the [[Anglosphere]], and to a lesser extent, [[Spain]] and continental [[Europe]].
+==Origins of the English Empire==
+The first organized large-scale English diaspora began when English Catholics exiled themselves from [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]'s religious policies to Hapsburg lands, especially the nearest Catholic intellectual center, the [[Old University of Leuven|university of Louvain]] which was by the late 1540's a bastion of ultra-orthodoxy. This was redoubled by a further wave of emigration under [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]'s more radically Protestant regime.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YFF8ynVL4wIC&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=origins+of+english+diaspora&source=bl&ots=qBOaeUKmWL&sig=PI2RD3kFLkNPR-BM-skfj9JqXL4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CGEQ6AEwDmoVChMI9cOqqoOxxwIVy1waCh3IBwdZ#v=onepage&q=origins%20of%20english%20diaspora&f=false Locating the English Diaspora, 1500-2010 By Tanja Bueltmann, David T. Gleeson, Donald M. MacRaild(Page 17).]</ref>
+==Age of Discovery==
+After the [[Age of Discovery]] the peoples of the [[England]] were among the earliest and by far the largest communities to emigrate out of Europe, and the [[British Empire]]'s expansion during the first half of the 19th century saw an extraordinary dispersion of English people, with particular concentrations in [[North America]] and [[Australasia]].<ref name="BritDis47">{{Harvnb|Ember et al|2004|p=47}}.</ref>
+The British Empire was "built on waves of migration overseas by British people",<ref name="Marsh254">{{harvnb|Marshall|2001|p=254}}.</ref> who left [[kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]], later the United Kingdom, and reached across the globe and permanently affected population structures in three continents.<ref name="BritDis47"/> As a result of the [[British colonisation of the Americas]], what became the United States was "easily the greatest single destination of emigrant British", but in the [[Federation of Australia]] the British experienced a [[birth rate]] higher than anything seen before, resulting in the displacement of [[indigenous Australians]].<ref name="BritDis47"/>
+==Americas==
+===Argeintina===
+{{main|English Argentine}}
+English settlers arrived in Buenos Aires in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when Argentina was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.<ref name="BSIA001">{{cite news | title =Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century | publisher =British Settlers in Argentina—studies in 19th and 20th century emigration | url =http://www.argbrit.org/ | accessdate =8 January 2008}}</ref>
+As well as those who went to Argentina as industrialists and major landowners, others went as [[Railroad engineer|railway engineers]], [[civil engineer]]s and to work in [[bank]]ing and [[commerce]].<ref name="IAA001"/> Others went to become [[whaler]]s, [[missionaries]] and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the [[black sheep]] of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in [[cattle]] and [[wheat]]. English settlers introduced [[Association football|football]] to Argentina.<ref name="Guardian657865"/> Some English families owned [[Plantation|sugar plantations]].<ref name="IAA001"/>
+English culture, or a version of it as perceived from outside, had a noted effect on the [[culture of Argentina]], mainly in the middle classes. In 1888 local Anglo-Argentines established the [[Hurlingham Club (Argentina)|Hurlingham Club]], based on [[Hurlingham Club|its namesake]] in [[London]]. The city of [[Hurlingham, Buenos Aires]] and [[Hurlingham Partido]] in [[Buenos Aires Province]] later grew up around the club and took their names from it. The [[Córdoba Athletic Club]], one of the oldest sports clubs in Argentina, was founded in 1882 by English men that lived in Córdoba working in the railroads.
+===Canada===
+{{main|English Canadian}}
+===United States===
+{| class="toccolours" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; font-size:95%;"
+|-
+! colspan="4"  style="background:#ccf; text-align:center;"| English heritage in the United States 1700-2010<ref>[https://books.google.es/books?id=xf4FAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=the+european+ancestry+of+the+united+states+population+thomas+l+purvis+80%25+english+and+welsh&source=bl&ots=M7C-UdYsZ3&sig=RBM88aTDYAeNS55KaW3qO1KKKXA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x1SdVZyLBsS2UZm0gLAL&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20european%20ancestry%20of%20the%20united%20states%20population%20thomas%20l%20purvis%2080%25%20english%20and%20welsh&f=false The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People By Paul Boyer]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dalhousielodge.org/Thesis/scotstonc.htm|title=Scots to Colonial North Carolina Before 1775|publisher=|accessdate=17 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.1930census.com/united_states_federal_census.php|title=U.S. Federal Census :: United States Federal Census :: US Federal Census|publisher=|accessdate=17 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="lieberson1"/><ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WtVN8wvfa1QC&pg=PA9&dq=americans+english+descent+million&hl=en&ei=mcy1TIDSNonJswad1ti3CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=americans%20english%20descent%20million&f=false The dynamics of American ethnic, religious, and racial group life.] By Philip Perlmutter</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rank of States for Selected Ancestry Groups with 100,00 or more persons: 1980|url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/files/pc80-s1-10/tab04.pdf|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=30 November 2012}}</ref>
+|-
+! style="text-align:center;"| Year
+! style="text-align:center;"| Ancestry
+! style="text-align:center;"| Population
+! style="text-align:center;"| Percent
+|-
+| colspan=4|<hr>
+|-
+| 1700
+|[[English people|English]] & Welsh
+|
+|80.0%
+|-
+| 1755
+|English & Welsh
+|
+|52.0%
+|-
+| 1775
+|English
+|
+|48.7%
+|-
+| 1790
+|English
+|1,900,000
+|60.9%
+|-
+| 1980
+|English
+|49,598,035
+|26.34%
+|-
+| 1990
+|English
+|32,651,788
+|13.1%
+|-
+| 2000
+|English
+|24,515,138
+|8.7%
+|-
+|-class="sortbottom" bgcolor="lightgrey"
+| 2010
+|English
+|27,657,961
+|7.7%
+|-
+|-
+| colspan=4|<hr>
+|-
+| Estimates and official Census figures.
+|-
+|}
+{{main|English American}}
+English settlement in America began with [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]] in the [[Virginia Colony]] in 1607. With the permission of [[James I of England|James I]], three ships (the ''[[Susan Constant]], [[Discovery (1602 ship)|The Discovery]]'', and ''[[Godspeed (ship)|The God Speed]]'') sailed from England and landed at [[Cape Henry]] in April, under the captainship of [[Christopher Newport]],<ref name="English Emigration"/> who had been hired by the [[London Company]] to lead expeditions to what is now America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0835458.html|title=Newport, Christopher|publisher=|accessdate=17 March 2015}}</ref>
+In the 2013 [[American Community Survey]] [[English American]]s were (7.7%) of the Unites States population behind the [[German American]]s  at (14.6%) and [[Irish American]]s at (10.5%).<ref name="2013 ACS">{{cite web| url = http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/13_1YR/DP02 | title = Selected Social Characteristics in the United States (DP02): 2013 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates| publisher = U.S. Census Bureau | accessdate = December 11, 2014}}</ref>However, [[demography|demographers]] regard this as a serious undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category in the 2000 census) to identify as simply [[American ethnicity|Americans]]<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57&dq=Sharing+the+dream:+white+males+in+multicultural+America++english+ancestry&cd=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.</ref> or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.<ref>Mary C. Waters, ''Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36.</ref> In the [[United States Census, 1980|1980 United States Census]], over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.34% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States.<ref>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:WJGw9z2RkkYJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/downloadFile.cgi%3Ffile%3D1041-6-15955-AF_Census_Data.pdf%26filename%3DAF_Census_Data.pdf+49,598,035&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgyigzsjZP7yBWdThzodFWP_t7GiFtOGi5W12qTf5nLj_yFzQ0YIKJn2pSyS1TIT-ZjvBx0s057h5mpwrf39HOZmlg3VzoOdaoPrNTdS6x-0SbHnwGXfzVLkDYTyIg7k4E_Zsn8&sig=AHIEtbTzro9GQY6LB1-9ZG9n2r46Epyyaw Data on selected ancestry groups.]</ref><ref>[http://www.census.gov/population/censusdata/pc80-s1-10/tab02.pdf 1980 United States Census]</ref> Six out of the ten [[List of most common surnames in North America|most common]] [[surname]]s in the United States are of English origin, the other four are of Welsh and Spanish origin.<ref>[http://www.census.gov/genealogy/www/data/2000surnames/index.html Genealogy Data: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000]</ref> [[Scotch-Irish American]]s are descendants of [[Lowland Scotland|Lowland Scots]] and [[Northern English]] (specifically: [[County Durham]], [[Cumberland]], [[Northumberland]] and [[Westmorland]]) settlers who colonized Ireland during the [[Plantation of Ulster]] in the 17th century.
+The overwhelming majority of the [[Founding Fathers of the United States|Founding Fathers]] of the [[United States of America]] were of English extraction, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], [[George Washington]], [[John Adams]], [[James Madison]]<ref name="americanheritage.com">[http://www.americanheritage.com/people/presidents/madison_james.shtml ]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref> and [[Thomas Jefferson]].
+==Asia-Pacific==
+===Australia===
+{{main|English Australian}}
+Australia's capital [[Sydney]] was founded by the British government as a penal colony. Visitors described the English character of Sydney for at least the first 50 years after 1788, noting the traditional English appearance of the churches overlooking the convict barracks. First-generation Sydney residents, other than the disappearing Aborigines, were predominantly English. 160,000 convicts came to Australia between 1788 and 1850.<ref>{{cite news|title=Australia's founding felons get a long-delayed pardon|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1982/11/19/world/australia-s-founding-felons-get-a-long-delayed-pardon.html|publisher=The New York Times|date=19 November 1982}}</ref> Between 1788 and 1840, 80,000 English convicts were transported to New South Wales, with the greatest numbers coming between 1825 and 1835. The [[New South Wales]] Census of 1846 accounted for 57,349 born in England.
+[[Australians]] of [[English people|English descent]], are both the single largest ethnic group in [[Australia]] and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian Census.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013|title=Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|date=21 June 2012|accessdate=25 June 2012}}</ref>
+In the 2011 census, 7.2 million or 36.1% of respondents identified as "English" or a combination including English, such as English-Australian. The census also documented 910,000 residents of Australia as being born in [[England]].<ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-06-21/australia-2011-census-demographic-breakdown-table-.html |title= Australia 2011 census demographic breakdown table, Bloomberg.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ProductSelect?newproducttype=QuickStats&btnSelectProduct=View+QuickStats+%3E&collection=census&period=2006&areacode=0&geography=&method=&productlabel=&producttype=&topic=&navmapdisplayed=true&javascript=true&breadcrumb=LP&topholder=0&leftholder=0&currentaction=201&action=401&textversion=false 2006 Census QuickStats : Australia]. censusdata.abs.gov.au</ref>
+English Australians have more often come from the [[South of England|south]] than the [[north of England]].<ref>J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103</ref>
+===New Zealand===
+{{main|European New Zealanders}}
+==See also==
+*[[Diaspora]]
+*[[English people]]
+*[[British diaspora]]
+*[[English-speaking world]]
+==References==
+{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
+[[Category:English people| ]]<!--Keep with [space] index at start of list (eponymous category)-->
+[[Category:Ethnic groups in Europe]]
+[[Category:Ethnic groups in Ireland]]
+[[Category:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom]]
+[[Category:Germanic peoples]]
+[[Category:People of English descent]]