Cerro Baúl: Difference between revisions
achaeological notes |
references Tags: nowiki added Visual edit |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Cerro Baúl''' is an ancient political outpost and ceremonial center settlement in Peru. Cerro Baúl is a terraced mountain, 2000 feet above its surroundings, with a settlement on the cliff tops themselves and in the immediate surroundings. Among other finds are the remnants of a brewery and large buildings that may have been used for ceremonial feasting. There is evidence of damage that has been interpreted as a careful and deliberate destruction of several buildings prior to the [[mesa]]'s being vacated. {{Infobox Pre-Columbian site |
'''Cerro Baúl''' is an ancient political outpost and ceremonial center settlement in Peru. Cerro Baúl is a terraced mountain, 2000 feet above its surroundings, with a settlement on the cliff tops themselves and in the immediate surroundings. Among other finds are the remnants of a brewery and large buildings that may have been used for ceremonial feasting. There is evidence of damage that has been interpreted as a careful and deliberate destruction of several buildings prior to the [[mesa]]'s being vacated. {{Infobox Pre-Columbian site |
||
|Middle horizon (ca A. D. 750-1000) |
|Middle horizon (ca A. D. 750-1000) |
||
|name = Cerro Baúl|image = Cerro Baul.jpg|image size = 250px|alt = |caption = Cerro Baúl|pushpin_map = Peru|latd = 17|latm = 6|lats = 43.614|latNS = S|longd = 70|longm = 51|longs = 31.716|longEW = W|country = [[Peru]]|region = [[Moquegua]]|municipality = [[Moquegua(municipality)|Moquegua]]|nearest_town = |culture = [[Wari civilization]]|conquered_by = The Inca army|abandoned = approximately A. D. 1475|responsible_body = |restored_by = |date_restored = |dates_excavated = 1989, 1993, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006-7|archaeological_bodies = |notable_archaeologists = Robert Pritzker, Patrick Ryan Williams, Johny Isla, Michael E. Moseley, Nicola Sharratt, Robert Feldman|architectural_styles = Wari|number_of_temples = |
|name = Cerro Baúl|image = Cerro Baul.jpg|image size = 250px|alt = |caption = Cerro Baúl|pushpin_map = Peru|latd = 17|latm = 6|lats = 43.614|latNS = S|longd = 70|longm = 51|longs = 31.716|longEW = W|country = [[Peru]]|region = [[Moquegua]]|municipality = [[Moquegua(municipality)|Moquegua]]|nearest_town = |culture = [[Wari civilization]]|conquered_by = The Inca army|abandoned = approximately A. D. 1475|responsible_body = |restored_by = |date_restored = |dates_excavated = 1989, 1993, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006-7|archaeological_bodies = |notable_archaeologists = Robert Pritzker, Patrick Ryan Williams, Johny Isla, Michael E. Moseley, Nicola Sharratt, Robert Feldman|architectural_styles = Wari|number_of_temples = two|number_of_monuments = |inscriptions = |Translation = (Spanish-English) Cerro=Hill, Baúl=trunk (i.e.:a place to store treasured items)|Type of site = Spiritual, archaeological, and tourist|Visiting Hours for Tourism = Daytime}} |
||
== Description == |
== Description == |
||
{{empty section|date=December 2015}} |
{{empty section|date=December 2015}} |
||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
In current times, Cerro Baúl is a place of worship for the local Moqueguanos (Moquegua [/moˈkeɣwa/] founded by the Spanish colonists is a city in southern Peru, located in the Moquegua Region, of which it is the capital) to offer ''pagapus'' (payment) to the Andean deities in the form of coca, candles and [[chicha]], to list a few. Tourism is also available to this site, keeping in mind that the top of the site is at an elevation of 8455 feet. |
In current times, Cerro Baúl is a place of worship for the local Moqueguanos (Moquegua [/moˈkeɣwa/] founded by the Spanish colonists is a city in southern Peru, located in the Moquegua Region, of which it is the capital) to offer ''pagapus'' (payment) to the Andean deities in the form of coca, candles and [[chicha]], to list a few. Tourism is also available to this site, keeping in mind that the top of the site is at an elevation of 8455 feet. |
||
== References == |
|||
[[Category:Populated places]] |
|||
; <nowiki>Format a citation:</nowiki> |
|||
<ref>Format a citation: |
|||
Moseley, |
|||
Michael E., Ana Miranda, Mario Ruales, Donna J. Nash, Patrick Ryan |
|||
Williams, and Susan D. deFrance. 2005. "Burning Down the Brewery: |
|||
Establishing and Evacuating an Ancient Imperial Colony at Cerro Baúl, |
|||
Peru." ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America'' 102 (48): 17264-17271. |
|||
</ref> Moseley, Michael E., Ana Miranda, Mario Ruales, Donna J. Nash, Patrick Ryan Williams, and Susan D. deFrance. 2005. "Burning Down the Brewery: Establishing and Evacuating an Ancient Imperial Colony at Cerro Baúl, Peru." ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America'' 102 (48): 17264-17271. |
|||
<ref>Williams, Patrick, Michael Moseley, and Donna Nash. "Empires of the |
|||
Andes." : Cerro Baúl. Accessed December 5, 2015. |
|||
<nowiki>http://www.aymara.org/biblio/html/baul.html</nowiki>.</ref> Williams, Patrick, Michael Moseley, and Donna Nash. "Empires of the |
|||
Andes." : Cerro Baúl. Accessed December 5, 2015. |
|||
<nowiki>http://www.aymara.org/biblio/html/baul.html</nowiki>.[[Category:Populated places]] |
|||
[[Category:Peru]] |
[[Category:Peru]] |
||
Revision as of 19:12, 5 December 2015
Cerro Baúl is an ancient political outpost and ceremonial center settlement in Peru. Cerro Baúl is a terraced mountain, 2000 feet above its surroundings, with a settlement on the cliff tops themselves and in the immediate surroundings. Among other finds are the remnants of a brewery and large buildings that may have been used for ceremonial feasting. There is evidence of damage that has been interpreted as a careful and deliberate destruction of several buildings prior to the mesa's being vacated. Template:Infobox Pre-Columbian site
Description
![[icon]](/enwiki/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2015) |
Asociación Contisuyo
Asociación Contisuyo (in Quechua: Kunti Suyu), literally translated to Association "Bias West or West Region", is an assemblage of Peruvian and American scholars with interests in the mapping and excavation of Cerro Baúl. Founded in 1981 directors Robert Pritzker and Dr. Michael Moseley, then of The Field Museum of Natural History combined their resources with the Southern Peru Copper Corporation to further their research at Cerro Baúl. Prior to the first excavations it was believed that the Wari Civilization had obtained the area post Tiwanaku control; however, it is now known from archaeological artifacts found in the area, such as kero (a ceremonial cup), in the the hybrid styles of both Wari and Tiwanaku, that they had occupied the areas at the same time. It is believed that the two cultures employed the close space rather peacefully, as there is no evidence of warfare and evidence of shared culture and styles from about A.D. 600 to 1020). The scholars, armed with the annals of Spanish chronicler Garcilaso de la Vega and two seasons of excavations were able to find evidence that supported the Inca seige and capture of the Wari political outpost.
Wari Political Outpost
The Wari (in Spanish: Huari) culture of Peru in the Middle Horizon period (400 AD-1000 AD) was one of several Andean cultures before the rise of the Inca that can be termed "empires." They were not just city states, but actually exerted their influence over neighboring groups (or subjugated them). The Wari area of influence lay in what is now the central highlands of Peru and their area of influence overlapped that of another culture, the Tiwanaku.
Inca Siege and Conquest
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2015) |
Today
In current times, Cerro Baúl is a place of worship for the local Moqueguanos (Moquegua [/moˈkeɣwa/] founded by the Spanish colonists is a city in southern Peru, located in the Moquegua Region, of which it is the capital) to offer pagapus (payment) to the Andean deities in the form of coca, candles and chicha, to list a few. Tourism is also available to this site, keeping in mind that the top of the site is at an elevation of 8455 feet.
References
- Format a citation:
[1] Moseley, Michael E., Ana Miranda, Mario Ruales, Donna J. Nash, Patrick Ryan Williams, and Susan D. deFrance. 2005. "Burning Down the Brewery: Establishing and Evacuating an Ancient Imperial Colony at Cerro Baúl, Peru." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (48): 17264-17271.
[2] Williams, Patrick, Michael Moseley, and Donna Nash. "Empires of the Andes." : Cerro Baúl. Accessed December 5, 2015. http://www.aymara.org/biblio/html/baul.html.
- ^ Format a citation: Moseley, Michael E., Ana Miranda, Mario Ruales, Donna J. Nash, Patrick Ryan Williams, and Susan D. deFrance. 2005. "Burning Down the Brewery: Establishing and Evacuating an Ancient Imperial Colony at Cerro Baúl, Peru." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (48): 17264-17271.
- ^ Williams, Patrick, Michael Moseley, and Donna Nash. "Empires of the Andes." : Cerro Baúl. Accessed December 5, 2015. http://www.aymara.org/biblio/html/baul.html.