Jump to content

German submarine U-195: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Batvoca (talk | contribs)
30 edits
m clean up using AWB
Line 14: Line 14:
|Ship laid down= 15 May 1941
|Ship laid down= 15 May 1941
|Ship launched= 8 April 1942
|Ship launched= 8 April 1942
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned= 5 September 1942
|Ship commissioned= 5 September 1942
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship struck=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship motto=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honors=
|Ship fate= Taken over by Japan, May 1945
|Ship fate= Taken over by Japan, May 1945
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
Line 33: Line 28:
|Ship acquired= May 1945
|Ship acquired= May 1945
|Ship commissioned= 15 July 1945
|Ship commissioned= 15 July 1945
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship struck=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship motto=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honors=
|Ship fate= Surrendered, August 1945; scuttled by the RN, broken up, 1947
|Ship fate= Surrendered, August 1945; scuttled by the RN, broken up, 1947
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
Line 117: Line 108:
*Two commercial ships sunk ({{GRT|14,391}})
*Two commercial ships sunk ({{GRT|14,391}})
*One commercial ship damaged ({{GRT|6,797|link=off}})
*One commercial ship damaged ({{GRT|6,797|link=off}})
|awards=
}}
}}
|}
|}
Line 174: Line 164:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Amongst her cargo were parts of 12 dismantled [[V-2 rocket]]s for the Japanese military. {{GS|U-219||2}} also carried part of the same V-2 rocket consignment. Both U-boats arrived at [[Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies|Batavia]] in December 1944. These two U-boats are also thought to have carried [[Uranium oxide]] requested for Japan's [[Japanese nuclear weapon program|atomic bomb project]] by General [[Toranouke Kawashima]] in July 1943. The signals requesting Uranium were part of the [[Purple (cipher machine)|PURPLE]] decrypts which have since been declassified by the [[United States]].<ref>Wilcox, Robert K., ''Japan's Secret War''</ref>
Amongst her cargo were parts of 12 dismantled [[V-2 rocket]]s for the Japanese military. {{GS|U-219||2}} also carried part of the same V-2 rocket consignment. Both U-boats arrived at [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] in December 1944. These two U-boats are also thought to have carried [[Uranium oxide]] requested for Japan's [[Japanese nuclear weapon program|atomic bomb project]] by General [[Toranouke Kawashima]] in July 1943. The signals requesting Uranium were part of the [[Purple (cipher machine)|PURPLE]] decrypts which have since been declassified by the [[United States]].<ref>Wilcox, Robert K., ''Japan's Secret War''</ref>


===3rd patrol===
===3rd patrol===
Line 187: Line 177:


===Imperial Japanese Navy===
===Imperial Japanese Navy===
After Germany's surrender in early May 1945, ''U-195'' was taken over by the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] and was commissioned as ''I-506'' on 15 July. The U-boat surrendered to the Allies at Batavia in August 1945, she was scuttled later that month<ref name="uboatnet"/> and was broken up in 1947. Some members of the German crew were apprehended by Dutch military forces in Malang (East-Java) on 1th of August 1947<ref>http://proxy.handle.net/10648/c8569997-e185-7055-81c5-f70cad6da942</ref>
After Germany's surrender in early May 1945, ''U-195'' was taken over by the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] and was commissioned as ''I-506'' on 15 July. The U-boat surrendered to the Allies at Batavia in August 1945, she was scuttled later that month<ref name="uboatnet"/> and was broken up in 1947. Some members of the German crew were apprehended by Dutch military forces in Malang (East-Java) on 1 August 1947<ref>http://proxy.handle.net/10648/c8569997-e185-7055-81c5-f70cad6da942</ref>


==Summary of raiding history==
==Summary of raiding history==
Line 226: Line 216:
}}
}}
*{{cite book
*{{cite book
|last=Gröner
|last1=Gröner
|first=Erich
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|title=U-Boote, Hilfskreuzer, Minenschiffe, Netzleger, Sperrbrecher
|author-mask1=
|work=Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe 1815-1945
|last2=Jung
⚫
|volume=III
|first2=Dieter
|publisher=[[Bernard & Graefe]]
|display-authors=
⚫
|location=Koblenz
|last-author-amp=
⚫
|year=1985
|last3=Maass
⚫
|isbn=3-7637-4802-4
|first3=Martin
|language=German
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
⚫
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and mine warfare vessels
⚫
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
⚫
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
⚫
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=harv
|ref=harv
}}
}}
Line 248: Line 249:
|accessdate= 7 December 2014
|accessdate= 7 December 2014
}}
}}
* [http://www.ubootwaffe.net/ops/boat.cgi?boat=195 ''U-195'' at ubootwaffe.net] {{Dead link|date=November 2013}}
* {{cite web
* {{cite web
| url =http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0195.html
| url =http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0195.html

Revision as of 15:28, 13 December 2015

History
Nazi Germany
NameU-195
Ordered4 November 1940
BuilderDeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen
Yard number1041
Laid down15 May 1941
Launched8 April 1942
Commissioned5 September 1942
FateTaken over by Japan, May 1945
Japan
NameI-506
AcquiredMay 1945
Commissioned15 July 1945
FateSurrendered, August 1945; scuttled by the RN, broken up, 1947
General characteristics
Class and typeType IXD1 submarine
Displacement
  • 1,610 t (1,580 long tons) surfaced
  • 1,799 t (1,771 long tons) submerged
Length
Beam
  • 7.50 m (24 ft 7 in) o/a
  • 4.40 m (14 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height10.20 m (33 ft 6 in)
Draft5.40 m (17 ft 9 in)
Propulsion
Range
  • 12,750 nmi (23,610 km; 14,670 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 213 nmi (394 km; 245 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth230 m (750 ft)
Complement55 to 63
Armament
Service record (Kriegsmarine)[1][2]
Part of:
Commanders:
  • K.Kapt. Heinz Buchholz
  • 5 September 1942 - 17 October 1943
  • Oblt.z.S. Friedrich Steinfeldt
  • 16 April 1944 - 8 May 1945
Operations:
  • Three
  • 1st patrol:
  • 20 March - 23 July 1943
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 24 August - 28 December 1944
  • 3rd patrol:
  • 19 January - 4 March 1945
Victories:
  • Two commercial ships sunk (14,391 GRT)
  • One commercial ship damaged (6,797 GRT)

German submarine U-195 was a Type IXD1 transport U-boat which served in World War II. The submarine was laid down on 15 May 1941 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen as yard number 1041, launched on 8 April 1942, and commissioned on 5 September 1942 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Heinz Buchholz.[1]

U-195 was one of two IX-D1 transport U-boats that had their forward torpedo tubes removed and the compartment converted into a cargo hold. The other IX-D1 was U-180, which was lost in the Bay of Biscay in 1944 whilst setting out for a voyage to Japan. (U-180 had been trialled originally with six diesel engines driving two propeller shafts, but overheating proved such a problem that these engines were removed and replaced with a pair of 2,200 hp MAN diesel engines). It is unclear if U-195 underwent the same engine history as U-180, but it seems likely.

Operational history

1st patrol

U-195 departed Kiel on 20 March 1943 and sailed to the waters off South Africa where she sank two ships and damaged another.[3]

On 11 April she torpedoed the American 7,200 ton liberty ship James W. Denver about 475 nmi (880 km; 547 mi) west of Las Palmas, Canary Islands. The ship, a straggler from Convoy UGS-7 en route from Baltimore to Casablanca, was loaded with sugar, acid, flour, aircraft parts, vehicles, bulldozers and had twelve P-38 Lightning aircraft as deck cargo. The crew of 69 abandoned ship in five lifeboats. The U-boat then fired two more torpedoes which sank the vessel.[4]

Another unescorted liberty ship, Samuel Jordan Kirkwood was torpedoed on 7 May about 125 nmi (232 km; 144 mi) southeast of Ascension Island. The crew of 71 abandoned ship in four lifeboats and a raft before the U-boat sank the ship with another torpedo.[5]

On 12 May, the unescorted 6,797 ton American merchant ship Cape Neddick was hit by two torpedoes. One failed to explode, while the other tore a hole 25 ft (7.6 m) by 30 ft (9.1 m) in the side. Still under way, the ship's armed guards opened fire at the U-boat with their 4 in (100 mm), 3 in (76 mm), and 20 mm guns. The vessel began to sink, and most of the crew abandoned ship in two lifeboats and three rafts. After more than an hour the master and six volunteers re-boarded the ship and got her under way, just as U-195 fired another torpedo, which missed. The next day, the ship returned to pick up the men in the boats and rafts, and on 16 May arrived safely at Walvis Bay, South Africa.[6] U-195 arrived at Bordeaux on 23 July after a patrol lasting 126 days.[2]

2nd patrol

Now under the command of Oblt.z.S. Friedrich Steinfeldt, U-195 left Bordeaux in occupied France on 24 August 1944 and arrived at Batavia (now part of Indonesia), 127 days later on 28 December.[7]

Amongst her cargo were parts of 12 dismantled V-2 rockets for the Japanese military. U-219 also carried part of the same V-2 rocket consignment. Both U-boats arrived at Batavia in December 1944. These two U-boats are also thought to have carried Uranium oxide requested for Japan's atomic bomb project by General Toranouke Kawashima in July 1943. The signals requesting Uranium were part of the PURPLE decrypts which have since been declassified by the United States.[8]

3rd patrol

U-195's final patrol involved an abortive attempt by several U-boats to sail back to Europe. Leaving Batavia on 19 January 1945 she sailed out into the Indian Ocean, south of Madagascar.[9] There she refuelled U-boats of the Monsun Gruppe and then returned to Batavia on 4 March.

Imperial Japanese Navy

After Germany's surrender in early May 1945, U-195 was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Navy and was commissioned as I-506 on 15 July. The U-boat surrendered to the Allies at Batavia in August 1945, she was scuttled later that month[1] and was broken up in 1947. Some members of the German crew were apprehended by Dutch military forces in Malang (East-Java) on 1 August 1947[10]

Summary of raiding history

Date Name Nationality Tonnage
(GRT) 		Fate
11 April 1943 James W. Denver  USA 7,200 Sunk
7 May 1943 Samuel Jordan Kirkwood  USA 7,191 Sunk
12 May 1943 Cape Neddick  USA 6,797 Damaged

References

  1. ^ a b c Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXD1 boat U-195". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  2. ^ a b Helgason, Guðmundur. "War Patrols by German U-boat U-195". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  3. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of U-boat U-195 from 20 Mar 1943 to 23 Jul 1943". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  4. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "James W. Denver (Steam merchant)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  5. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Samuel Jordan Kirkwood (Steam merchant)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  6. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Cape Neddick (Steam merchant)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  7. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of U-boat U-195 from 24 Aug 1944 to 28 Dec 1944". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  8. ^ Wilcox, Robert K., Japan's Secret War
  9. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of U-boat U-195 from 19 Jan 1945 to 4 Mar 1945". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
  10. ^ http://proxy.handle.net/10648/c8569997-e185-7055-81c5-f70cad6da942

Bibliography

  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and mine warfare vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |last-author-amp= (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=German_submarine_U-195&oldid=695068292"