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'''Mechanotaxis''' refers to the directed movement of cell [[motility]] via mechanical cues (e.g., fluidic shear stress, substrate stiffness gradients, etc.).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Li|first=S.|title=The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=March 19, 2002|volume=99|issue=6|pages=3546–3551|doi=10.1073/pnas.052018099}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=LO|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref> In response to fluidic shear stress, for example, cells have been shown to migrate in the direction of the fluid flow.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Li|first=S.|title=The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=March 19, 2002|volume=99|issue=6|pages=3546–3551|doi=10.1073/pnas.052018099}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Hsu|first=Steve |author2=Thakar, Rahul |author3=Liepmann, Dorian |author4=Li, Song|title=Effects of shear stress on endothelial cell haptotaxis on micropatterned surfaces|journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications|date=11 November 2005|volume=337|issue=1|pages=401–409|doi=10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.272|pmid=16188239}}</ref><ref> Mak, M., Spill, F., Kamm, R. D., & Zaman, M. H. (2015). Single-Cell Migration in Complex Microenvironments: Mechanics and Signaling Dynamics. Journal of biomechanical engineering. dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032188</ref>
'''Mechanotaxis''' refers to the directed movement of cell [[motility]] via mechanical cues (e.g., fluidic shear stress, substrate stiffness gradients, etc.).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Li|first=S.|title=The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=March 19, 2002|volume=99|issue=6|pages=3546–3551|doi=10.1073/pnas.052018099}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=LO|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref><ref> Mak, M., Spill, F., Kamm, R. D., & Zaman, M. H. (2015). Single-Cell Migration in Complex Microenvironments: Mechanics and Signaling Dynamics. Journal of biomechanical engineering. dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032188</ref> In response to fluidic shear stress, for example, cells have been shown to migrate in the direction of the fluid flow.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Li|first=S.|title=The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=March 19, 2002|volume=99|issue=6|pages=3546–3551|doi=10.1073/pnas.052018099}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Hsu|first=Steve |author2=Thakar, Rahul |author3=Liepmann, Dorian |author4=Li, Song|title=Effects of shear stress on endothelial cell haptotaxis on micropatterned surfaces|journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications|date=11 November 2005|volume=337|issue=1|pages=401–409|doi=10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.272|pmid=16188239}}</ref>


A subset of mechanotaxis - termed [[durotaxis]] - refers specifically to [[cell migration]] guided by gradients in substrate rigidity (i.e. stiffness).<ref>{{cite journal|last=LO|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Sochol|first=Ryan D.|author2=Higa, Adrienne T. |author3=Janairo, Randall R. R. |author4=Li, Song |author5=Lin, Liwei |title=Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients|journal=Soft Matter|date=1 January 2011|volume=7|issue=10|pages=4606|doi=10.1039/C1SM05163F}}</ref> The observation that certain cell types seeded on a substrate rigidity gradient migrate up the gradient (i.e. in the direction of increasing substrate stiffness) was first reported by Lo et al.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lo|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref> The primary method for creating rigidity gradients for cells (e.g., in [[biomaterials]]) consists of altering the degree of [[cross-link]]ing in [[polymers]] to adjust substrate stiffness.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Gray|first=Darren S. |author2=Tien, Joe |author3=Chen, Christopher S.|title=Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned Young's modulus|journal=Journal of Biomedical Materials Research|date=1 September 2003|volume=66A|issue=3|pages=605–614|doi=10.1002/jbm.a.10585}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Wong|first=Joyce Y. |author2=Velasco, Alan |author3=Rajagopalan, Padmavathy |author4=Pham, Quynh|title=Directed Movement of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells on Gradient-Compliant Hydrogels|journal=Langmuir|date=1 March 2003|volume=19|issue=5|pages=1908–1913|doi=10.1021/la026403p}}</ref> Alternative substrate rigidity gradients include micropost array gradients, where the stiffness of individual microposts is increased in a single, designed direction.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sochol|first=Ryan D.|author2=Higa, Adrienne T. |author3=Janairo, Randall R. R. |author4=Li, Song |author5=Lin, Liwei |title=Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients|journal=Soft Matter|date=1 January 2011|volume=7|issue=10|pages=4606|doi=10.1039/C1SM05163F}}</ref>
A subset of mechanotaxis - termed [[durotaxis]] - refers specifically to [[cell migration]] guided by gradients in substrate rigidity (i.e. stiffness).<ref>{{cite journal|last=LO|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Sochol|first=Ryan D.|author2=Higa, Adrienne T. |author3=Janairo, Randall R. R. |author4=Li, Song |author5=Lin, Liwei |title=Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients|journal=Soft Matter|date=1 January 2011|volume=7|issue=10|pages=4606|doi=10.1039/C1SM05163F}}</ref> The observation that certain cell types seeded on a substrate rigidity gradient migrate up the gradient (i.e. in the direction of increasing substrate stiffness) was first reported by Lo et al.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lo|first=C|title=Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate|journal=Biophysical Journal|date=1 July 2000|volume=79|issue=1|pages=144–152|doi=10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5|pmid=10866943|pmc=1300921}}</ref> The primary method for creating rigidity gradients for cells (e.g., in [[biomaterials]]) consists of altering the degree of [[cross-link]]ing in [[polymers]] to adjust substrate stiffness.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Gray|first=Darren S. |author2=Tien, Joe |author3=Chen, Christopher S.|title=Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned Young's modulus|journal=Journal of Biomedical Materials Research|date=1 September 2003|volume=66A|issue=3|pages=605–614|doi=10.1002/jbm.a.10585}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Wong|first=Joyce Y. |author2=Velasco, Alan |author3=Rajagopalan, Padmavathy |author4=Pham, Quynh|title=Directed Movement of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells on Gradient-Compliant Hydrogels|journal=Langmuir|date=1 March 2003|volume=19|issue=5|pages=1908–1913|doi=10.1021/la026403p}}</ref> Alternative substrate rigidity gradients include micropost array gradients, where the stiffness of individual microposts is increased in a single, designed direction.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sochol|first=Ryan D.|author2=Higa, Adrienne T. |author3=Janairo, Randall R. R. |author4=Li, Song |author5=Lin, Liwei |title=Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients|journal=Soft Matter|date=1 January 2011|volume=7|issue=10|pages=4606|doi=10.1039/C1SM05163F}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:07, 16 February 2016

Mechanotaxis refers to the directed movement of cell motility via mechanical cues (e.g., fluidic shear stress, substrate stiffness gradients, etc.).[1][2][3] In response to fluidic shear stress, for example, cells have been shown to migrate in the direction of the fluid flow.[4][5]

A subset of mechanotaxis - termed durotaxis - refers specifically to cell migration guided by gradients in substrate rigidity (i.e. stiffness).[6][7] The observation that certain cell types seeded on a substrate rigidity gradient migrate up the gradient (i.e. in the direction of increasing substrate stiffness) was first reported by Lo et al.[8] The primary method for creating rigidity gradients for cells (e.g., in biomaterials) consists of altering the degree of cross-linking in polymers to adjust substrate stiffness.[9][10] Alternative substrate rigidity gradients include micropost array gradients, where the stiffness of individual microposts is increased in a single, designed direction.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Li, S. (March 19, 2002). "The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (6): 3546–3551. doi:10.1073/pnas.052018099.
  2. ^ LO, C (1 July 2000). "Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate". Biophysical Journal. 79 (1): 144–152. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5. PMC 1300921. PMID 10866943.
  3. ^ Mak, M., Spill, F., Kamm, R. D., & Zaman, M. H. (2015). Single-Cell Migration in Complex Microenvironments: Mechanics and Signaling Dynamics. Journal of biomechanical engineering. dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032188
  4. ^ Li, S. (March 19, 2002). "The role of the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase in the mechanotaxis of endothelial cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (6): 3546–3551. doi:10.1073/pnas.052018099.
  5. ^ Hsu, Steve; Thakar, Rahul; Liepmann, Dorian; Li, Song (11 November 2005). "Effects of shear stress on endothelial cell haptotaxis on micropatterned surfaces". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 337 (1): 401–409. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.272. PMID 16188239.
  6. ^ LO, C (1 July 2000). "Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate". Biophysical Journal. 79 (1): 144–152. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5. PMC 1300921. PMID 10866943.
  7. ^ Sochol, Ryan D.; Higa, Adrienne T.; Janairo, Randall R. R.; Li, Song; Lin, Liwei (1 January 2011). "Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients". Soft Matter. 7 (10): 4606. doi:10.1039/C1SM05163F.
  8. ^ Lo, C (1 July 2000). "Cell Movement Is Guided by the Rigidity of the Substrate". Biophysical Journal. 79 (1): 144–152. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76279-5. PMC 1300921. PMID 10866943.
  9. ^ Gray, Darren S.; Tien, Joe; Chen, Christopher S. (1 September 2003). "Repositioning of cells by mechanotaxis on surfaces with micropatterned Young's modulus". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 66A (3): 605–614. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.10585.
  10. ^ Wong, Joyce Y.; Velasco, Alan; Rajagopalan, Padmavathy; Pham, Quynh (1 March 2003). "Directed Movement of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells on Gradient-Compliant Hydrogels". Langmuir. 19 (5): 1908–1913. doi:10.1021/la026403p.
  11. ^ Sochol, Ryan D.; Higa, Adrienne T.; Janairo, Randall R. R.; Li, Song; Lin, Liwei (1 January 2011). "Unidirectional mechanical cellular stimuli via micropost array gradients". Soft Matter. 7 (10): 4606. doi:10.1039/C1SM05163F.


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