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[[File:Bus Stop (Gold street and Sand street).JPG|thumb|bus stop]]<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title= Brooklyn Bus Map. Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 10 Nov. 2015|url=http://web.mta.info/maps/}}</ref> The closest subway station is York Street, .2 miles away.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Farragut Houses Population|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/bklynfarragut.shtml}}</ref>
[[File:Bus Stop (Gold street and Sand street).JPG|thumb|bus stop]]<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title= Brooklyn Bus Map. Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 10 Nov. 2015|url=http://web.mta.info/maps/}}</ref> The closest subway station is York Street, .2 miles away.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Farragut Houses Population|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/bklynfarragut.shtml}}</ref>


While the growth of [[New York City]], including [[Brooklyn]]—some of which was once considered wilderness—was dependent on the growth of a vibrant subway network, subway service to the Farragut Houses area has actually declined over the decades.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1924 BMT Subway-Elevated Map|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/bmt_1924.gif}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1937 IND Map|url=http://nycsubway.org.s3.amazonaws.com/images/maps/ind_1937.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1951 Route Map|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/system_1951_b.jpg}}</ref> Even before the subway system opened in [[Manhattan]] on October 27, 1904—and before the [[Interborough Rapid Transit Company|IRT]] first came to Brooklyn’s [[Brooklyn Borough Hall|Borough Hall]] in 1908—the neighborhood was served by elevated lines and trolleys.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“History of Public Transportation in New York City.” New York Transit Museum, Transit History, 2015. Web. Accessed 18 Sept. 2015.|url=http://www.transitmuseumeducation.org/trc/background}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“New York City Transit—History and Chronology.” Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 25 Sept. 2015.|url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffhist.htm}}</ref> The first El came to downtown Brooklyn in 1885 and ran only a few blocks away on [[BMT Myrtle Avenue Line|Myrtle Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Feinman, Mark S. “Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1878-1913.” nycsubway.org, 17 Feb. 2001. Web. Accessed 5 Nov. 2015|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Early_Rapid_Transit_in_Brooklyn,_1878-1913}}</ref> The trolley ran on Sands, Jay, and Hudson Streets, very close to the site, although the last trolley cars were retired on March 4, 1951, the same year the Farragut Houses opened, and the last trolley bus ran on Flushing Avenue to High Street on July 27, 1960 only lasting for 9 years of service after the Farragut Houses were open.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Downtown Brooklyn Streetcar Map 9-22-44 to 3-4-51.” B. Linder, New York Division Bulletin, Vol. 21, No. 8, August, 1978, P.10. Print and Web. Accessed 10 Nov. 2015.|url=http://tramway-null.blogspot.com/2012/07/downtown-brooklyn-streetcar-map-9-22-44.html}}</ref> The [[R (New York City Subway service)|R]] train to Lawrence Street, now part of [[Jay Street – MetroTech (New York City Subway)|Jay Street–Metrotech]], opened as part of the [[Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation|BMT]] line on June 11, 1924.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Announcing the Opening of the New Lawrence Street (B.M.T.) Subway Station.” The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 11 June 1924. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015.|url=http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/57545945/}}</ref> The High Street station opened in 1933<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“IND 8th Avenue Line.” nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IND_8th_Avenue_Line}}</ref> and York Street in 1936.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“IND 6th Avenue Line. nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IND_6th_Avenue_Line}}</ref> As late as 1951 the Myrtle Avenue El still existed, stopping at Navy Street and Myrtle Avenue, about three blocks from the future site of the Farragut Houses, as it had since the 1880s.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“1951 Route Map, 1951 Route Map (Bottom Half - Brooklyn, lower Manhattan). Historical Maps. nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 13 Sept. 2015 |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/system_1951_b.jpg}}</ref> There was also a Myrtle Avenue station on the BMT, which no longer exists.
While the growth of [[New York City]], including [[Brooklyn]]—some of which was once considered wilderness—was dependent on the growth of a vibrant subway network, subway service to the Farragut Houses area has actually declined over the decades.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1924 BMT Subway-Elevated Map|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/bmt_1924.gif}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1937 IND Map|url=http://nycsubway.org.s3.amazonaws.com/images/maps/ind_1937.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=1951 Route Map|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/system_1951_b.jpg}}</ref> Even before the subway system opened in [[Manhattan]] on October 27, 1904—and before the [[Interborough Rapid Transit Company|IRT]] first came to Brooklyn’s [[Brooklyn Borough Hall|Borough Hall]] in 1908—the neighborhood was served by elevated lines and trolleys.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“History of Public Transportation in New York City.” New York Transit Museum, Transit History, 2015. Web. Accessed 18 Sept. 2015.|url=http://www.transitmuseumeducation.org/trc/background}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“New York City Transit—History and Chronology.” Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 25 Sept. 2015.|url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffhist.htm}}</ref> The first El came to downtown Brooklyn in 1885 and ran only a few blocks away on [[BMT Myrtle Avenue Line|Myrtle Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Feinman, Mark S. “Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1878-1913.” nycsubway.org, 17 Feb. 2001. Web. Accessed 5 Nov. 2015|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Early_Rapid_Transit_in_Brooklyn,_1878-1913}}</ref> The trolley ran on Sands, Jay, and Hudson Streets, very close to the site, although the last trolley cars were retired on March 4, 1951, the same year the Farragut Houses opened, and the last trolley bus ran on Flushing Avenue to High Street on July 27, 1960 only lasting for 9 years of service after the Farragut Houses were open.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Downtown Brooklyn Streetcar Map 9-22-44 to 3-4-51.” B. Linder, New York Division Bulletin, Vol. 21, No. 8, August, 1978, P.10. Print and Web. Accessed 10 Nov. 2015.|url=http://tramway-null.blogspot.com/2012/07/downtown-brooklyn-streetcar-map-9-22-44.html}}</ref> The [[R (New York City Subway service)|R]] train to Lawrence Street, now part of [[Jay Street – MetroTech (New York City Subway)|Jay Street–Metrotech]], opened as part of the [[Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation|BMT]] line on June 11, 1924.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Announcing the Opening of the New Lawrence Street (B.M.T.) Subway Station.” The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 11 June 1924. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015.|url=http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/57545945/}}</ref> The High Street station opened in 1933<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“IND 8th Avenue Line.” nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IND_8th_Avenue_Line}}</ref> and York Street in 1936.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“IND 6th Avenue Line. nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IND_6th_Avenue_Line}}</ref> As late as 1951 the Myrtle Avenue El still existed, stopping at Navy Street and Myrtle Avenue, about three blocks from the future site of the Farragut Houses, as it had since the 1880s.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“1951 Route Map, 1951 Route Map (Bottom Half - Brooklyn, lower Manhattan). Historical Maps. nycsubway.org, 2015. Web. Accessed 13 Sept. 2015 |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/perl/caption.pl?/img/maps/system_1951_b.jpg}}</ref> There was also a Myrtle Avenue station on the BMT, which no longer exists.
The York Street station today is convenient for residents of the Farragut Houses, but inefficient, as only one subway line, the F, serves the station.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=F: 6 Avenue Local.” MTA, 2015. Web. Accessed 5 Nov. 2015. |url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/fline.htm}}</ref> That line has been plagued with problems for years and through 2014 was more crowded than other lines, with passengers less likely to get a seat, and arrived less often and less regularly.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=State of the Subways Report Card.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, Summer 2014 [and previous years]. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub14/index.html}}</ref> In 2015 its record for the first time drastically improved.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=State of the Subways Report Card.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> High Street, the second-closest station at 0.5 miles away, is served by two lines, the A and C but the C has the least amount of daytime service in the subway system and does not run at night.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Best and Worst: Straphangers Campaign Metrocard Ratings 1997–2015.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> In the last eight years, the C train has been cited as the worst line five times.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Best and Worst: Straphangers Campaign Metrocard Ratings 1997–2015.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url= http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> The A has more rush-hour but less midday service than the average subway line, which may impact residents of the Farragut Houses who do not commute during rush-hours. The next-closest station, the Jay Street–Metrotech hub, is 0.8 miles away.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title="Public Transportation," Farragut Rentals, apartments.com; |url= http://www.apartments.com/farragut-brooklyn-ny/k355h5c/}}</ref>
The York Street station today is convenient for residents of the Farragut Houses, but inefficient, as only one subway line, the F, serves the station.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=F: 6 Avenue Local.” MTA, 2015. Web. Accessed 5 Nov. 2015. |url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/fline.htm}}</ref> That line has been plagued with problems for years and through 2014 was more crowded than other lines, with passengers less likely to get a seat, and arrived less often and less regularly.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=State of the Subways Report Card.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, Summer 2014 [and previous years]. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub14/index.html}}</ref> In 2015 its record for the first time drastically improved.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=State of the Subways Report Card.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> High Street, the second-closest station at 0.5 miles away, is served by two lines, the A and C but the C has the least amount of daytime service in the subway system and does not run at night.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Best and Worst: Straphangers Campaign Metrocard Ratings 1997–2015.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url=http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> In the last eight years, the C train has been cited as the worst line five times.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=“Best and Worst: Straphangers Campaign Metrocard Ratings 1997–2015.” NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, September 2015. Web 2015. Accessed 22 Nov. 2015. |url= http://www.straphangers.org/statesub15/}}</ref> The A has more rush-hour but less midday service than the average subway line, which may impact residents of the Farragut Houses who do not commute during rush-hours. The next-closest station, the Jay Street–Metrotech hub, is 0.8 miles away.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title="Public Transportation," Farragut Rentals, apartments.com; |url= http://www.apartments.com/farragut-brooklyn-ny/k355h5c/}}</ref>


Revision as of 03:11, 9 May 2016

Farragut Houses
NYCHA property
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CityNew York City
Borough/CountyBrooklyn/Kings
Area
[1]
 • Total
0.026 sq mi (0.07 km2)
Population
 • Total
3,440 [2]
ZIP codes
11201
Average household income$21,000
Websitewww.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/bklynfarragut.shtml

The Farragut Houses is a public housing project located in the Downtown neighborhood of northwestern Brooklyn, New York City. Bordering the historic Brooklyn Navy Yard, Farragut Houses is a property of New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA). The houses contain 3,440 residents who reside in ten buildings that are each 13 to 14 stories high.

History

In 1941 there were a total of 341 lots, 27 of which were vacant; of the 314 lots that were extant, 198 consisted of wood structures.[3] Wooden buildings were rarely built after the Great Fire of New York in 1835, and brick became the popular building material around the 1870s, indicating that these framed houses were likely over a century old and were probably built without running water or sometimes even electricity.[4] Prior to demolition, there was still an active neighborhood, with 144 stores that were occupied and 30 unoccupied, as well as 677 apartments, 33 one-family dwellings, and 61 two-family dwellings whose occupants needed to be relocated.[3] There were a total of approximately 970 families to be relocated.[5] The area consisted of 18 smaller blocks divided by roads and small alleyways. Eight streets—Talman Street, Charles Street, High Street, Prospect Street, Dixon Place, Fern Place and Greene Lane—were destroyed by the joining of these smaller blocks when demolition started in 1945. Hudson Avenue was cut off between Front and York Street and diverted over to Navy Street.

The three superblocks of the development were completed between 1951 and 1952. The Farragut Houses are located in what used to be a heavily industrial area, very near to the Brooklyn Navy Yard. During wartime, the region was filled with sailors. Restaurants, illegal drinking establishments, tattoo parlors and brothels were packed with people who worked or commuted along the waterfront. Dirty and narrow streets provided a haven for derelict behavior. The Brooklyn Eagle stated of the area in 1945: “... the Brooklyn Bridge will stand out again from the blight which has hemmed it in ... First came the condemnation and the razing of the huge area... a jam-packed section of smoky industry and badly out-worn residences.”[6]

The Farragut Houses were built during a moment of industrial and economic growth, and the surrounding area contains infrastructure of this time of industrial development: waterfront piers, warehouses, industrial buildings, the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, and the confluence of the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges in nearby Dumbo. The Brooklyn Navy Yard and other industries in Brooklyn had their productivity peaks during World War II but then closed in the mid-1960s. With the decline of industry and the closure of the Navy Yard, the whole borough suffered.[7] The area was demolished starting in 1945. In 1951, the first residents started moving in; that year, the average rent was between $33.50–$44 a month, including utilities.[8]

Demographics

Population per year
Year Population
1970
5,232
1980
4,950
1990
5,106
2000
4,314
2010
3,440

According to NYCHA, the Farragut Houses housing project has 1,390 apartments and 3,440 residents living in ten 13- and 14-story buildings in Vinegar Hill, within Brooklyn Community Board 2. The density of the population in Farragut Houses was 55,384.4 per square mile (21,384.0/km2) in 2013, and the Farragut Houses' total population in 2013 was 13,954. In 2003 the density of the population in Farragut Houses was 57,533.2 per square mile (22,213.7/km2), compared to 27,044.71 per square mile (10,442.02/km2) in 2010 and 60,683.7 per square mile (23,430.1/km2) in 2000.[9]

Social problems

Crime

High crime is a large issue across all NYCHA developments, including the Farragut Houses. The Farragut Houses fall under the jurisdiction of the New York City Police Department (NYPD)'s 84th Precinct. CompStat data from the years of 1990 – present show that over the course of time there has been a steady decline in crime rate.

In 1990, the 84th Precinct was tasked to handle 6,535 criminal incidents in the categories of murder, rape, robbery, felony assault, burglary, grand larceny, and grand larceny auto. Criminal incidents in the precinct as a whole began to drop with a total of 4,468 in 1993; 2,156 in 1998; and 1,045 in 2014. NYPD crime data shows that in 2015 the Farragut Houses area was the site for 1,106 criminal incidents. Theft is the most common crime in both the 84th Precinct and the Farragut area with high amounts of incidents in robbery (121 incidents), burglary (92 incidents), grand larceny (684 incidents), and grand larceny auto (51 incidents); most of those incidents took place further south, around Fulton Street.[10]

Based on an incarceration map from 2009, which shows the blocks and neighborhoods of Brooklyn and the prison expenditures for those respective areas, the Farragut Housing area has a prison expenditure of around $500,000–$750,000. This range is low considering neighborhoods in Community Board 3 having prison expenditures up to and exceeding $1,000,000. These prison expenditures are the costs of incarcerating residents of that specific area.[11]

In 2014, as part of security measures being undertaken in NYCHA properties around the city, NYCHA installed security cameras in eleven high-crime housing projects around Brooklyn, including the Farragut Houses.[12]

NYCHA has taken precautions to protect their residents, and the New York City Police Department Housing Bureau offers many programs and initiatives:

  • Anti-Auto Theft Program
  • Operation Commuter C.A.T.
  • Help End Auto Theft Program (H.E.A.T.)
  • Operation Identification for Vehicles
  • Operation Identification for Premises
  • VIN Etching
  • Bicycle Registration Program
  • Counter-Terrorism Program
  • Law Enforcement Explorers
  • Auxiliary Police Program
  • Cadet Corps Program

These programs train residents to be vigilant and actively stop criminal activity around them, as well as teach youth to consider law enforcement as a career goal and instilling a sense of morals. The Resident Watch program, which has spanned for 40 years, allows residents to take initiative on stopping crime, despite being only currently active in four of ten buildings.

Poverty and social isolation

The Farragut Houses are separated from the rest of Brooklyn by the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, making the area relatively hard to access from the south.[13] The poverty-stricken area stands in sharp contrast to nearby blocks in Dumbo and Vinegar Hill, where the median income is $148,611, rents average around $3,000 a month, and apartments can sell for over one million dollars.[14] The average Farragut Houses family, by contrast, makes $21,000 annually.[13] Eighty-eight percent of public school students in the area live below the poverty line, and crime in the Farragut Houses is significantly higher than in Dumbo and Vinegar Hill.[14]

There are a lack of affordable healthy food options in the area, making the area a food desert. Options include a Chinese restaurant, some bodegas, and a "small grocery store with a single aisle of produce." A proposed supermarket, which had been in planning since 2010, had not been built as of 2015.[13] From 2008 until 2015, the housing project did not have a laundry room in any of the buildings, so residents had to walk at least 1 mile (1.6 km) to go to one of two laundromats along Myrtle Avenue.[13][15]

In 2010, the administration of former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg proposed to revitalize Admiral's Row, a run-down block of Second Empire-style houses in the Navy Yard; however, the project was delayed after two developers severed connections with the projects. A Wegmans supermarket under construction within Admiral's Row, which is planned to open in 2017 after four years of delays, will also serve the Farragut Houses.[13]

Transportation

York Street station NYC Subway
Jay Street-Borough Hall

The Farragut Houses are served by three subway lines today, the F to York Street and the A and C to High Street.[16] They are also served by four bus lines, the B57, B62, B67, and B69, all of which run right through the housing project.

bus stop

[17] The closest subway station is York Street, .2 miles away.[18]

While the growth of New York City, including Brooklyn—some of which was once considered wilderness—was dependent on the growth of a vibrant subway network, subway service to the Farragut Houses area has actually declined over the decades.[19][20][21] Even before the subway system opened in Manhattan on October 27, 1904—and before the IRT first came to Brooklyn’s Borough Hall in 1908—the neighborhood was served by elevated lines and trolleys.[22][23] The first El came to downtown Brooklyn in 1885 and ran only a few blocks away on Myrtle Avenue.[24] The trolley ran on Sands, Jay, and Hudson Streets, very close to the site, although the last trolley cars were retired on March 4, 1951, the same year the Farragut Houses opened, and the last trolley bus ran on Flushing Avenue to High Street on July 27, 1960 only lasting for 9 years of service after the Farragut Houses were open.[25] The R train to Lawrence Street, now part of Jay Street–Metrotech, opened as part of the BMT line on June 11, 1924.[26] The High Street station opened in 1933[27] and York Street in 1936.[28] As late as 1951 the Myrtle Avenue El still existed, stopping at Navy Street and Myrtle Avenue, about three blocks from the future site of the Farragut Houses, as it had since the 1880s.[29] There was also a Myrtle Avenue station on the BMT, which no longer exists. The York Street station today is convenient for residents of the Farragut Houses, but inefficient, as only one subway line, the F, serves the station.[30] That line has been plagued with problems for years and through 2014 was more crowded than other lines, with passengers less likely to get a seat, and arrived less often and less regularly.[31] In 2015 its record for the first time drastically improved.[32] High Street, the second-closest station at 0.5 miles away, is served by two lines, the A and C but the C has the least amount of daytime service in the subway system and does not run at night.[33] In the last eight years, the C train has been cited as the worst line five times.[34] The A has more rush-hour but less midday service than the average subway line, which may impact residents of the Farragut Houses who do not commute during rush-hours. The next-closest station, the Jay Street–Metrotech hub, is 0.8 miles away.[35]

Education

According to the NYC Department of Education, five out of the 10 Farragut Houses buildings are zoned for P.S. 307 Daniel Hale Williams (K307), while two buildings are zoned for P.S. 287 Bailey K. Ashford (K287) and three buildings are zoned for P.S. 8 Robert Fulton (K008). September 2015, the NYC Department of Education proposed a rezoning of the area, which was controversial among residents in adjacent, more affluent Vinegar Hill.[36][37]

Elementary schools include:

  • Community Roots Charter School (Saint Edwards Street, Third Floor)
  • P.S 307 Daniel Hale Williams (209 York Street)
  • P.S 8 Robert Fulton (37 Hicks Street)

Middle schools include:

  • Satellite West Middle School (209 York Street)
  • Community Roots Middle School (50 Navy Street, Third Floor)
Church of the Open Door

On April 27, 1953, Church of the Open Door, was the first House of God to be built within a New York City Housing project.[38][39]

Infrastructure

Technology

NYCHA is modernizing the Farragut Houses and other NYCHA properties using a program called NextGen NYCHA.[40] There is a MyNYCHA program called "The Digital Van" funded by a Broadband Technology Opportunities Program grant from the United States Department of Commerce; the vans, which are equipped with eight laptops and are available Monday through Friday 10 a.m to 4 p.m., enable residents to use the vans to access the internet.[41] Another app, called the My NYCHA App, allows residents to receive information on service outages, report damages, and request emergency assistance.[42]

Water pipes

Map of water pipes

The old City of Brooklyn had many water reservoirs. Before the housing project was built, the water was distributed by 36 cast iron main aqueduct pipe to 6-to-8-inch (15 to 20 cm) cast iron branch pipes to the neighborhoods until 1900.[43] The branch pipes replaced 8-to-12-inch (20 to 30 cm) cast iron pipes in the early 1900s.[44][45]

As the population of the neighborhoods kept increasing, the demand for a larger supply of water increased. The increase in population throughout Brooklyn and the soon-to-be other boroughs also caused a problem with the water supply, as the wellwater became polluted and there was an insufficient supply of water.[46] This caused many health problems as there was only a few sources of water. In response, the city began to create a system of water pipes that flowed through the city, as well as outsourced fresh water supplies outside the city.[47] The New York City water system is managed by the Department of Environmental Protection and consists of three upstate aqueducts—the Croton, Catskill, and Delaware aqueducts—the latter two of which flow through Brooklyn.[48]

Farragut Houses currently uses a more modern water pipe system. The New York City Department of Environmental Protection regulates Farragut Houses' water system and its pipes. Each building has its own water piping system and all buildings share three back up water storage tanks in cases of emergencies such as water outages and storms.

Maintenance

NYCHA's job is to create public housing for low income families while also giving them free maintenance, cleaning and heating. Residents of the Farragut Houses have made a large number of complaints and maintenance repair requests, especially during winter. The reason for increased winter complaints is that the outdated buildings are causing problems with piping and heating, causing harsh living conditions for residents. Mayor Bill de Blasio plans to fix these problems.[49]

For instance, on August 16, 2013, the Farragut Houses had 4,034 unanswered repair requests. One of the complainants, a 79-year-old female, stated that she felt unsafe because there is a big hole in her front door, making it impossible to close her door; she had lodged a complaint for four months prior and never got a response. Another resident, who had mold growing in her bathroom, waited two months for a response, and when the NYCHA employee came to fix the problem he came with a mop and a soapy, watery bucket.[50] Paradoxically, De Blasio plans to fix the living conditions of NYCHA homes while also cutting its budget.[51]

References

  1. ^ "Farragut Houses Area".
  2. ^ "Farragut Houses Population".
  3. ^ a b Downtown Brooklyn Neighborhood Study. Rep. New York City: Mayor's Committee on Property Improvement, 1941.
  4. ^ Wilson, Rufus Rockwell (1902). New York: Old & New: Its Story, Streets, and Landmarks. J. B. Lippincott. p. 354.
  5. ^ "Funds Okayed For Farragut Housing Units". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 1951.
  6. ^ "21 Mar 1945, Page 11 - The Brooklyn Daily Eagle at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  7. ^ Snyder-Grenier, Ellen M. Brooklyn!: An Illustrated History. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1996.
  8. ^ "First Farragut Tenants Move in Tuesday". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. 1951.
  9. ^ "Total population in Census Tract 23". socialexplorer.com.
  10. ^ http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/crime_statistics/cs-en-us-084pct.pdf
  11. ^ "'Million-Dollar Blocks' Map Incarceration's Costs". wbur. Retrieved 2015-12-21.
  12. ^ "Cameras to go up at tragic Brooklyn housing project, among others | Brooklyn Daily Eagle". www.brooklyneagle.com. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  13. ^ a b c d e Williams, Keith (2015-04-17). "Promised a Supermarket Five Years Ago, a Housing Project Is Still Waiting". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  14. ^ a b "Nabe where thin road divides 2 worlds". NY Daily News. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  15. ^ "Dirty shame: Residents of housing project must walk a half-hour to clean their clothes since city shut down laundry room". The Brooklyn Paper. Retrieved 2016-04-29.
  16. ^ "Subway Map. Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 13 Sept. 2015".
  17. ^ "Brooklyn Bus Map. Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). mta.info, 2015. Web. Accessed 10 Nov. 2015".
  18. ^ "Farragut Houses Population".
  19. ^ "1924 BMT Subway-Elevated Map".
  20. ^ "1937 IND Map" (PDF).
  21. ^ "1951 Route Map".
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  35. ^ ""Public Transportation," Farragut Rentals, apartments.com;".
  36. ^ Whitford, Emma. "DUMBO Parents Push Back Against Rezoning That Would Integrate Schools". Gothamist. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
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  49. ^ https://eapps.nycha.info/NychaMetrics/Charts/PublicHousingChartsTabs/?section=public_housing&tab=tab_repairs
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