Jared Irwin: Difference between revisions
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Irwin fought in the [[American Revolution]], in which he entered the army as a private. During the war, he demonstrated leadership and was promoted to the rank of colonel. He received land in [[Washington County, Georgia|Washington County]] in 1784 as compensation for his service during the war. He lived in Washington County for much of his life and held various local offices there, as well as in [[Burke County, Georgia|Burke County]], during his early political career. After the war Irwin entered the Georgia militia, where he was promoted to brigadier general.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Irwin|first1=Jared|title=Letter, 1789 Oct. 12, Washington County, [Georgia] to George Walton, [Governor of Georgia], A[u]gusta, [Georgia] / Colo[nel] Jared Irwin|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:cmt005|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=[Affidavit of] Henry Carrel, 1793 Sept. 6, Washington County, Georgia|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:cmt011|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> |
Irwin fought in the [[American Revolution]], in which he entered the army as a private. During the war, he demonstrated leadership and was promoted to the rank of colonel. He received land in [[Washington County, Georgia|Washington County]] in 1784 as compensation for his service during the war. He lived in Washington County for much of his life and held various local offices there, as well as in [[Burke County, Georgia|Burke County]], during his early political career. After the war Irwin entered the Georgia militia, where he was promoted to brigadier general.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Irwin|first1=Jared|title=Letter, 1789 Oct. 12, Washington County, [Georgia] to George Walton, [Governor of Georgia], A[u]gusta, [Georgia] / Colo[nel] Jared Irwin|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:cmt005|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=[Affidavit of] Henry Carrel, 1793 Sept. 6, Washington County, Georgia|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:cmt011|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> |
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In 1794 Irwin, along with General [[John Twiggs]], commanded 1,200 militiamen to eject [[Elijah Clarke]] from lands that Clarke and his followers had illegally settled west of the [[Oconee River]]. Clarke's so-called [[Trans-Oconee Republic]] was peacefully dismantled when Irwin offered full amnesty to those settlers who would voluntarily vacate the land. |
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He was a member of the state convention that adopted the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] of 1789. |
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In the 1780s and 1790s Irwin served several terms in the state legislature. In that capacity he was a voting member of the convention that ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1787. He was also a pivotal participant in the 1789 state constitutional convention that adopted the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], and served in the constitutional convention again in 1795. |
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Soon after the end of the war, Georgia and other states rapidly tried to develop their frontier lands. It was an environment ripe for scandal and speculation, which took place in Georgia and other states. Because of public outrage about millions of acres of state lands' being sold for low prices to insider speculators, Irwin was elected Governor in 1795 to clean up the [[Yazoo land scandal]]. On February 13, 1796, less than two months after taking office, Irwin signed the bill nullifying the Yazoo Act. To make a public statement, he burned a copy of the Yazoo Act on the grounds of the capital.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Warren|first1=C. H.|title="Burning of the Yazoo Act," 1914|url=http://georgiahistory.pastperfect-online.com/37659cgi/mweb.exe?request=image&hex=MS+1675010101.JPG|website=Georgia Historical Society Image Catalog|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> The legislature had just moved the capital to [[Louisville, Georgia|Louisville]] in response to the scandal. |
Soon after the end of the war, Georgia and other states rapidly tried to develop their frontier lands. It was an environment ripe for scandal and speculation, which took place in Georgia and other states. Because of public outrage about millions of acres of state lands' being sold for low prices to insider speculators, Irwin was elected Governor in 1795 to clean up the [[Yazoo land scandal]]. On February 13, 1796, less than two months after taking office, Irwin signed the bill nullifying the Yazoo Act. To make a public statement, he burned a copy of the Yazoo Act on the grounds of the capital.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Warren|first1=C. H.|title="Burning of the Yazoo Act," 1914|url=http://georgiahistory.pastperfect-online.com/37659cgi/mweb.exe?request=image&hex=MS+1675010101.JPG|website=Georgia Historical Society Image Catalog|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> The legislature had just moved the capital to [[Louisville, Georgia|Louisville]] in response to the scandal. |
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Revision as of 16:53, 6 June 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2014) |
Jared Irwin (1750 – March 1, 1818) served twice as elected Governor of Georgia (1796–1798) and (1806–1809). He first was elected to office as a reformer based on public outrage about the Yazoo land scandal. He signed a bill that nullified the Yazoo Act, which had authorized the land sales. Challenges to land claims purchased under the former act led to the United States Supreme Court's hearing the case Fletcher v. Peck (1810). In a landmark decision, the Court upheld the land contracts, and ruled that the state law was unconstitutional in trying to nullify valid contracts.
Early Life
Jared Irwin was born around 1750 to Rebecca (Lawson) and Thomas Irwin in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina in the Piedmont region. His family moved to Burke County, Georgia when he was seven years old. Little is known about Irwin's personal life. He was probably married twice and fathered several children. Irwin was also a member of the Congregational Church, a rarity in colonial Georgia.
Career
Irwin fought in the American Revolution, in which he entered the army as a private. During the war, he demonstrated leadership and was promoted to the rank of colonel. He received land in Washington County in 1784 as compensation for his service during the war. He lived in Washington County for much of his life and held various local offices there, as well as in Burke County, during his early political career. After the war Irwin entered the Georgia militia, where he was promoted to brigadier general.[1][2]
In 1794 Irwin, along with General John Twiggs, commanded 1,200 militiamen to eject Elijah Clarke from lands that Clarke and his followers had illegally settled west of the Oconee River. Clarke's so-called Trans-Oconee Republic was peacefully dismantled when Irwin offered full amnesty to those settlers who would voluntarily vacate the land.
In the 1780s and 1790s Irwin served several terms in the state legislature. In that capacity he was a voting member of the convention that ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1787. He was also a pivotal participant in the 1789 state constitutional convention that adopted the Constitution, and served in the constitutional convention again in 1795.
Soon after the end of the war, Georgia and other states rapidly tried to develop their frontier lands. It was an environment ripe for scandal and speculation, which took place in Georgia and other states. Because of public outrage about millions of acres of state lands' being sold for low prices to insider speculators, Irwin was elected Governor in 1795 to clean up the Yazoo land scandal. On February 13, 1796, less than two months after taking office, Irwin signed the bill nullifying the Yazoo Act. To make a public statement, he burned a copy of the Yazoo Act on the grounds of the capital.[3] The legislature had just moved the capital to Louisville in response to the scandal.
During his second term, Irwin administered the state's second land lottery, as land sales and development were still a priority for the state.
He died at the age of 68. A resident of Washington County, Irwin was buried near Ohoopee Baptist Church.
Legacy
- The towns of Irwinville and Irwinton, and the county of Irwin[4] were named for him.
References
- ^ Irwin, Jared. "Letter, 1789 Oct. 12, Washington County, [Georgia] to George Walton, [Governor of Georgia], A[u]gusta, [Georgia] / Colo[nel] Jared Irwin". Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842. Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "[Affidavit of] Henry Carrel, 1793 Sept. 6, Washington County, Georgia". Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842. Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ Warren, C. H. ""Burning of the Yazoo Act," 1914". Georgia Historical Society Image Catalog. Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 166.
