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Photovoltaic pavement is a form of pavement that generates electricity by collecting [[solar power]] with [[photovoltaics]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Matej Lufčić|author2=Marina Maras|author3=Mario Vukelić|title=Energy Saving Design and Materials in Road Transport|url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/540022.Energy_saving_design_and_materials_in_road_transport.doc|accessdate=23 May 2014}}</ref> Parking lots, foot paths, driveways, streets and highways are all candidate locations where this material could be used.
Photovoltaic pavement is a form of pavement that generates electricity by collecting [[solar power]] with [[photovoltaics]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Matej Lufčić|author2=Marina Maras|author3=Mario Vukelić|title=Energy Saving Design and Materials in Road Transport|url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/540022.Energy_saving_design_and_materials_in_road_transport.doc|accessdate=23 May 2014}}</ref> Parking lots, foot paths, driveways, streets and highways are all candidate locations where this material could be used.


In 2013 Students at the Solar Institute at George Washington University installed a solar panel walking path designed by ''Onyx Solar'', something they call ''solar pavement''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inhabitat.com/students-install-the-worlds-first-solar-pavement-panels-in-virginia/ |title=Students Install the World's First Solar Pavement Panels in Virginia &#124; Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building |publisher=Inhabitat |accessdate=2014-06-02}}</ref>
In 2013 Students at the Solar Institute at George Washington University installed a solar panel walking path designed by [[Onyx Solar]], something they call ''solar pavement''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inhabitat.com/students-install-the-worlds-first-solar-pavement-panels-in-virginia/ |title=Students Install the World's First Solar Pavement Panels in Virginia &#124; Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building |publisher=Inhabitat |accessdate=2014-06-02}}</ref>


[[Solaroad|''SolaRoad'']] is a system being developed by the [[Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research]] (TNO), the [[Ooms Groep]], [[Imtech]] and the Netherlands province of [[North Holland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.solaroad.nl/|title=SolaRoad website}}</ref> They plan to install their panels on 100&nbsp;m of cycle path in [[Krommenie]], [[Netherlands]] in November 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inhabitat.com/the-netherlands-to-pave-roads-with-solaroad-solar-panels/ |title=The Netherlands to Pave Roads with Solaroad Solar Panels &#124; Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building |publisher=Inhabitat |date=2012-05-23 |accessdate=2014-06-02}}</ref> A variant concept of a "solar road" installed in [[Avenhorn]], by Ooms Avenhorn Holding AV, uses asphalt and tarmac to absorb the sun’s rays and heat water for use in domestic heating.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ecmag.com/section/miscellaneous/dutch-company-drives-new-solar-power|title=Dutch Company Drives New Solar Power}}</ref>
[[Solaroad|''SolaRoad'']] is a system being developed by the [[Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research]] (TNO), the [[Ooms Groep]], [[Imtech]] and the Netherlands province of [[North Holland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.solaroad.nl/|title=SolaRoad website}}</ref> They plan to install their panels on 100&nbsp;m of cycle path in [[Krommenie]], [[Netherlands]] in November 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inhabitat.com/the-netherlands-to-pave-roads-with-solaroad-solar-panels/ |title=The Netherlands to Pave Roads with Solaroad Solar Panels &#124; Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building |publisher=Inhabitat |date=2012-05-23 |accessdate=2014-06-02}}</ref> A variant concept of a "solar road" installed in [[Avenhorn]], by Ooms Avenhorn Holding AV, uses asphalt and tarmac to absorb the sun’s rays and heat water for use in domestic heating.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ecmag.com/section/miscellaneous/dutch-company-drives-new-solar-power|title=Dutch Company Drives New Solar Power}}</ref>

Revision as of 11:44, 7 October 2016

Smart highway and smart road are terms for a number of different proposals to incorporate technologies into roads for generating solar energy, for improving the operation of autonomous cars, for lighting, and for monitoring the condition of the road.

Vehicle infrastructure integration

Further information: Platoon (automobile) and Vehicle infrastructure integration

Structural health monitoring

Main article: Structural health monitoring

Intelligent transportation systems

Main article: Intelligent transportation system
See also: Virginia Smart Road

Intelligent transportation systems usually refers to the use of information and communication technologies (rather than innovations in the construction of the roadway) in the field of road transport, including infrastructure, vehicles and users, and in traffic management and mobility management, as well as for interfaces with other modes of transport.[1]

Photovoltaic pavement

Photovoltaic pavement is a form of pavement that generates electricity by collecting solar power with photovoltaics.[2] Parking lots, foot paths, driveways, streets and highways are all candidate locations where this material could be used.

In 2013 Students at the Solar Institute at George Washington University installed a solar panel walking path designed by Onyx Solar, something they call solar pavement.[3]

SolaRoad is a system being developed by the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), the Ooms Groep, Imtech and the Netherlands province of North Holland.[4] They plan to install their panels on 100 m of cycle path in Krommenie, Netherlands in November 2014.[5] A variant concept of a "solar road" installed in Avenhorn, by Ooms Avenhorn Holding AV, uses asphalt and tarmac to absorb the sun’s rays and heat water for use in domestic heating.[6]

The Solar Roadways company of Idaho, USA, is developing a prototype system to replace current roads, parking lots, and driveways with photovoltaic solar road panels that generate electricity.[7]

South Korea has built a freeway with the median covered by solar panels above a bikepath. [8][9]

Wireless vehicle charging

Further information: In-road electric vehicle charger, Inductive charging, and Wireless power transfer

The Online Electric Vehicle being developed by KAIST (the  Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) has electrical circuits built into the road which will power suitably adapted vehicles via contactless electromagnetic induction. A pilot system powering electric buses is under development. Germany's IAV is another company that is developing induction chargers.

Road markings

The 'Smart Highway' being developed by Studio Roosegaarde and infrastructure management group Heijmans of the Netherlands incorporates photo-luminescent paint for road markings. These absorb light during the day then glow for up to 10 hours. A stretch of highway in Brabant, Netherlands was due to have this installed on a trial basis in 2013.[10] In April 2014, the pilot stretch of road was officially opened,[11] but after only two weeks, the paint had stopped due to moisture.[12] New moisture-resistant paint is in development.

Frost protection and melting snow

Snowmelt systems using electricity or hot water to heat roads and pavements have been installed in various locations. Solar Roadways has proposed including a snowmelt system with their photovoltaic road panels since the panels already have electrical power connections for harvesting photovoltaic power.[citation needed]

Studio Roosegaarde has proposed a temperature sensitive version of their photo-luminescent paint which will only glow if temperatures fall below freezing so it can be used for frost warnings signs embedded in the road surface.[citation needed]

Epoxy is snowplow-proof.[13]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:207:0001:0013:EN:PDF
  2. ^ Matej Lufčić; Marina Maras; Mario Vukelić. "Energy Saving Design and Materials in Road Transport". Retrieved 23 May 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ "Students Install the World's First Solar Pavement Panels in Virginia | Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building". Inhabitat. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
  4. ^ "SolaRoad website".
  5. ^ "The Netherlands to Pave Roads with Solaroad Solar Panels | Inhabitat - Sustainable Design Innovation, Eco Architecture, Green Building". Inhabitat. 2012-05-23. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
  6. ^ "Dutch Company Drives New Solar Power".
  7. ^ Following the Solar Brick Road singularityhub.com
  8. ^ "Travel from Daejeon to Sejong by bike". http://www.unitischimbam.ro. Retrieved 18 May 2015. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  9. ^ "Travel from Daejeon to Sejong by bike". Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  10. ^ Clark, Liat. "Netherlands highways will glow in the dark from mid-2013 (Wired UK)". Wired.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
  11. ^ "Glow in the dark road unveiled in the Netherlands". BBC. 2014-04-14. Retrieved 2014-06-21.
  12. ^ "Tegenvaller voor Weg van de Toekomst: lichtgevende lijnen werken niet" (in Dutch). Omroep Brabant. 2014-04-25. Retrieved 2014-06-21.
  13. ^ Renovating American Infrastructure, Step 1: Transportation
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