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==Issue==
==Issue==
He was married in [[Luxembourg]] on 9 April 1953 to [[Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium]] (1927–2005),<ref name=":0" /> daughter of [[Léopold III of Belgium|Léopold III, King of the Belgians]]. They had three sons and two daughters, twenty-two grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren:
He was married in [[Luxembourg]] on 9 April 1953 to [[Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium]] (1927–2005),<ref name=":0" /> daughter of [[Léopold III of Belgium|Léopold III, King of the Belgians]]. They had three sons and two daughters, twenty-two grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren:


*[[Archduchess Marie Astrid of Austria|Princess Marie-Astrid]] (17 February 1954).<ref name=":0" /> married [[Archduke Carl Christian of Austria|HI&RH Carl Christian Marcus d'Aviano, Prince Imperial and Archduke of Austria]] (born 1954) on 6 February 1982. They have five children and five grandchildren:
*[[Archduchess Marie Astrid of Austria|Princess Marie-Astrid]] (17 February 1954).<ref name=":0" /> married [[Archduke Carl Christian of Austria|HI&RH Carl Christian Marcus d'Aviano, Prince Imperial and Archduke of Austria]] (born 1954) on 6 February 1982. They have five children and five grandchildren:
Line 57: Line 57:
***Count Léopold Menno Philippe Gabriel François-Xavier Marie Joseph Ghislain of Limburg-Stirum (19 April 2011)
***Count Léopold Menno Philippe Gabriel François-Xavier Marie Joseph Ghislain of Limburg-Stirum (19 April 2011)
***Count Constantin of Limburg-Stirum (25 October 2013)
***Count Constantin of Limburg-Stirum (25 October 2013)
***Count Gabriel of Limburg-Stirum (2016)
**Archduke Imre Emanuel Simeon Jean Carl Marcus d'Aviano of Austria (8 December 1985) married Kathleen Elizabeth Walker on 8 September 2012. They have two daughters:
**Archduke Imre Emanuel Simeon Jean Carl Marcus d'Aviano of Austria (8 December 1985) married Kathleen Elizabeth Walker on 8 September 2012. They have two daughters:
***Archduchess Maria-Stella Elizabeth Christiana Yolande Alberta of Austria (11 November 2013)
***Archduchess Maria-Stella Elizabeth Christiana Yolande Alberta of Austria (11 November 2013)

Revision as of 18:21, 20 October 2016

Jean
Jean at the wedding of his grandson
Prince Louis of Luxembourg in 2006
Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Reign12 November 1964 – 7 October 2000
PredecessorCharlotte
SuccessorHenri
Born (1921-01-05) 5 January 1921 (age 103)
Berg Castle, Luxembourg
Consort
​
​
(m. 1953)​
IssueArchduchess Marie Astrid of Austria
Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Prince Jean
Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein
Prince Guillaume
Names
Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d'Aviano
HouseNassau-Weilburg
FatherPrince Felix of Bourbon-Parma
MotherCharlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
ReligionCatholicism
SignatureJean's signature
Styles of
Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg
Reference styleHis Royal Highness
Spoken styleYour Royal Highness
Alternative styleMonseigneur ("My Lord", only by Luxembourg nationals)

Jean (given names: Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d'Aviano; born 5 January 1921) reigned as Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1964 until his abdication in 2000. He is the father of the current ruler, Grand Duke Henri, and the son of Grand Duchess Charlotte and Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma. Among his godparents was Pope Benedict XV, who gave him his second name.[citation needed]

Early life

Jean was born on 5 January 1921, at Berg Castle, in central Luxembourg, the son of Grand Duchess Charlotte and of Prince Félix of Bourbon-Parma. He attended primary school in Luxembourg, where he continued the initial stage of secondary education. He completed secondary school at Ampleforth College, a Roman Catholic boarding school in the United Kingdom. Upon reaching maturity, on 5 January 1938, he was styled 'Hereditary Grand Duke', recognising his status as heir apparent.

Second World War

On 10 May 1940, Germany invaded Luxembourg, beginning a four-year occupation. Having been warned of an imminent invasion, the Grand Ducal Family escaped the previous night. At first, they sought refuge in Paris, before fleeing France only weeks later. The Grand Ducal Family sought refuge in the United States, renting an estate in Brookville, New York. Jean studied Law and Political Science at Université Laval, Quebec City.[1]

He joined the British Army as a volunteer in the Irish Guards in November 1942.[1] After receiving officer training at the Royal Military College at Sandhurst, Jean was commissioned as a Lieutenant in July 1943,[1] before being promoted to captain in 1944. He landed in Normandy on 11 June 1944, and took part in the Battle for Caen and the liberation of Brussels.[1] On 10 September 1944, he took part in the liberation of Luxembourg before moving on to Arnhem and the invasion of Germany.[1] After the war, from 1984 until his abdication, he served as Colonel of the Regiment of the Irish Guards,[1] often riding in uniform behind Queen Elizabeth II during the Sovereign's Birthday Parade.

Reign

He was named Lieutenant-Representative of the Grand Duchess on 28 April 1961.[1]

He became Grand Duke when his mother, the Grand Duchess Charlotte, abdicated on 12 November 1964.[2] The same day, he was made a General of the Luxembourg Army.[1]

Grand Duke Jean abdicated on 7 October 2000, and was succeeded on the throne by his son Henri. Grand Duke Jean now lives at Fischbach Castle.[3]

The Grand Duke Jean Museum of Modern Art (Mudam) bears his name.

Issue

He was married in Luxembourg on 9 April 1953 to Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium (1927–2005),[1] daughter of Léopold III, King of the Belgians. They had three sons and two daughters, twenty-two grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren:

Titles, styles, and honours

Titles and styles

  • 5 January 1921 – 12 November 1964: His Royal Highness The Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Hereditary Prince of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon-Parma
  • 12 November 1964 – 7 October 2000: His Royal Highness The Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau
  • 7 October 2000 – present: His Royal Highness Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau

His full title is "by the Grace of God, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Count of Sayn, Königstein, Katzenelnbogen and Diez, Burgrave of Hammerstein, Lord of Mahlberg, Wiesbaden, Idstein, Merenberg, Limburg and Eppstein." Many of the titles are held without regard to the strict rules of salic inheritance.

Change of dynastic titles

Jean renounced the titles of the House of Bourbon-Parma for himself and his family in 1986[5] when his eldest son, then-Hereditary Grand Duke Henri married Maria-Theresa Mestre. The reason for this was that the Duke of Parma, Carlos Hugo, ruled the marriage unequal in 1981, as well as the marriage of Prince Jean to Hélène Suzanna Vestur in 1987, for which he had renounced his rights to Luxembourg in 1986. It is not known if the marriage of Prince Guillaume was seen by Carlos Hugo as equal.

The Arrêté Grand-Ducal (Grand Ducal decree) of 21 September 1995 established that the title of Prince/Princesse de Luxembourg is reserved for the children of the sovereign and the heir to the throne. It also stated that the descendants in male lineage of the sovereign should be styled as Royal Highnesses and titled Prince/Princess of Nassau and that the descendants of unapproved marriages should be styled as Count/Countess of Nassau.[6]

Luxembourgish honours and awards

See also List of honours of the Luxembourgish Grand-Ducal Family by country

Foreign honours and awards

Ancestry

Family of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
16. Charles II, Duke of Parma
King of Etruria
8. Charles III, Duke of Parma
17. Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy
4. Robert I, Duke of Parma
18. Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry
9. Louise Marie Thérèse of France
19. Princess Caroline of the Two Sicilies
2. Felix of Bourbon-Parma
20. John VI of Portugal
10. Michael of Portugal
21. Charlotte of Spain
5. Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal
22. Constantine,
Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
11. Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
23. Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
1. Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
24. William, Duke of Nassau
12. Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
25. Princess Louise of Saxe-Hildburghausen
6. William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
26. Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau
13. Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau
27. Princess Marie Luise Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
3. Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
28. John VI of Portugal (= 20)
14. Michael of Portugal (= 10)
29. Charlotte of Spain (= 21)
7. Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal
30. Constantine,
Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (= 22)
15. Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (= 11)
31. Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (= 23)

Patrilineal descent

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Le Grand-Duc Jean - Cour Grand-Ducale de Luxembourg - Famille grand-ducale". www.monarchie.lu. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  2. ^ "HRH Grand Duke Jean". Service information et presse du gouvernement luxembourgeois. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  3. ^ "The Grand Duke Jean". Luxarazzi blog.
  4. ^ Paul Theroff's Royal News of 2008
  5. ^ Grand Ducal Decree, 28 July 1986
  6. ^ Grand Ducal decree of 21 September 1995 concerning the surname and the titles of the Members of the Grand Ducal Family
  7. ^ "Reply to a parliamentary question" (pdf) (in German). p. 428. Retrieved 15 October 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)
  8. ^ Royalement Blog, State visit of Belgium in Luxembourg (1994), Group Photo
  9. ^ Borger.dk
  10. ^ Jean with Pope John Paul I
  11. ^ Jean with Pope Paul VI
  12. ^ Icelandese Presidency Website , Jean ; stórhertogi ; Lúxemborg ; 1986-06-09  ; Stórkross með keðju (=Jean, Grand Duke, Luxembourg, 9 June 1986, Grand Cross with Collar)
  13. ^ "S.A.R. Jean Granduca di Lussemburgo - Decorato di Gran Cordone" (in Italian). Retrieved 15 October 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)
  14. ^ https:/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/GD_Jean%2C_GD_Joséphine_Charlotte_state_visit_NL_queen_Juliana_1967.jpg
  15. ^ https:/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Huwelijk_prinses_Beatrix_en_prins_Claus_%281966%29.jpg
  16. ^ Boletín Oficial del Estado
  17. ^ Boletín Oficial del Estado
  18. ^ Gettyimages
  19. ^ Badraie
  20. ^ Badraie
Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Born: 5 January 1921
Regnal titles
Preceded by Grand Duke of Luxembourg
1964–2000 		Succeeded by
Military offices
Preceded by Colonel of the Irish Guards
1984–2000 		Succeeded by
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