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The 1906 Intercalated Games are no longer recognized as Olympic by the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC), but they were considered as such by contemporary sources.<ref name="Dictionary">{{cite book|last = Grasso|first = John|author2 = [[Bill Mallon]]|author3 = Jeroen Heijmans|title = Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement|publisher = [[Rowman & Littlefield]]|edition = 5|date = 2015-05-14|location = [[Lanham, Maryland]]|page = xlvi|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=uCN1CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA654&lpg=PA654&dq=Christopher+Bevan+Olympics&source=bl&ots=eNsKow6hrC&sig=8U0LdaB1siLbu4JCDm7HqLkKCm0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwinlJyyieDPAhWKWBoKHRobBhUQ6AEIMDAE#v=onepage&q=Christopher%20Bevan%20Olympics&f=false|isbn = 1442248602}}</ref> In 1906, Egypt was ''de jure'' under the control of the [[Ottoman Empire]], but had been ''de facto'' run by the British since 1882.<ref name="EgyptStatus">{{cite book|last = Sicker|first = Martin|title = The Middle East in the Twentieth Century|publisher = [[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|year = 2001|location = [[Santa Barbara, California]]|page = 101|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=gHfw0Mv_uFUC&pg=PA101&dq=Egypt+British+protectorate&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Egypt%20British%20protectorate&f=false|isbn = 0275968936}}</ref> At the [[1896 Summer Olympics]], an athlete by the name of [[Dionysios Kasdaglis]] competed in [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics|tennis]] and won silver medals in the [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|singles]] and [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's doubles|doubles tournaments]]. Kasdaglis is listed as Greek by the IOC for the singles, but in the doubles he and his Greek partner [[Demetrios Petrokokkinos]] are listed as a "mixed team".<ref name="DoublesResults">{{cite web|url = https://www.olympic.org/athens-1896/tennis/doubles-men|title = Doubles Men|year = 2016|publisher = [[International Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Kasdaglis had British citizenship, but lived in Egypt and was a member of Egyptian clubs, and thus he has been considered by some as an Egyptian Olympian.<ref name="KasdaglisSR">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Dimitrios Kasdaglis Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/dimitrios-kasdaglis-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref><ref name="KasdaglisEGY">{{cite book|last = Conner|first = Floyd|title = The Olympic's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of the Olympics' Gold Medal Gaffes, Improbable Triumphs, and Other Oddities|publisher = [[University of Nebraska Press|Potomac Books]]|date = 2001-10-31|location = [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]|page = 11|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=zQ48Zp5MVCsC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=Dionysios+Kasdaglis+Egypt&source=bl&ots=4AuH8-co8v&sig=ycCW_wWyfAiwLdBVIW5UzDtqQfk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2_afMheTPAhWBXRQKHSaRB4QQ6AEIQDAH#v=onepage&q=Dionysios%20Kasdaglis%20Egypt&f=false|isbn = 1597973971}}</ref> The [[Egyptian Olympic Committee]], founded in 1910, considers Egypt's first Olympic delegation to have been at the [[Egypt at the 1912 Summer Olympics|1912 Summer Olympics]],<ref name="EOC">{{cite web|url = http://www.egyptianolympic.org/history.html|title = History|year = 2015|publisher = [[Egyptian Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}}</ref> which is supported by that year's official report,<ref name="1912Report">{{cite journal|title = The Official Report of the Olympic Games of Stockholm 1912|page = 889|publisher = [[Swedish Olympic Committee]]|location = [[Stockholm]]|date = 1913|url = http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1912/1912.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> but there is uncertainty as to whether the fencer they sent actually competed.<ref name="SRFencing">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Fencing at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1912/FEN/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Egypt took part in the Olympic Games, with athletes of Egyptian descent, in [[Egypt at the 1920 Summer Olympics|1920]].<ref name="Egypt1920">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Egypt at the 1920 Antwerpen Summer Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/EGY/summer/1920/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref>
The 1906 Intercalated Games are no longer recognized as Olympic by the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC), but they were considered as such by contemporary sources.<ref name="Dictionary">{{cite book|last = Grasso|first = John|author2 = [[Bill Mallon]]|author3 = Jeroen Heijmans|title = Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement|publisher = [[Rowman & Littlefield]]|edition = 5|date = 2015-05-14|location = [[Lanham, Maryland]]|page = xlvi|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=uCN1CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA654&lpg=PA654&dq=Christopher+Bevan+Olympics&source=bl&ots=eNsKow6hrC&sig=8U0LdaB1siLbu4JCDm7HqLkKCm0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwinlJyyieDPAhWKWBoKHRobBhUQ6AEIMDAE#v=onepage&q=Christopher%20Bevan%20Olympics&f=false|isbn = 1442248602}}</ref> In 1906, Egypt was ''de jure'' under the control of the [[Ottoman Empire]], but had been ''de facto'' run by the British since 1882.<ref name="EgyptStatus">{{cite book|last = Sicker|first = Martin|title = The Middle East in the Twentieth Century|publisher = [[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|year = 2001|location = [[Santa Barbara, California]]|page = 101|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=gHfw0Mv_uFUC&pg=PA101&dq=Egypt+British+protectorate&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Egypt%20British%20protectorate&f=false|isbn = 0275968936}}</ref> At the [[1896 Summer Olympics]], an athlete by the name of [[Dionysios Kasdaglis]] competed in [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics|tennis]] and won silver medals in the [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|singles]] and [[Tennis at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's doubles|doubles tournaments]]. Kasdaglis is listed as Greek by the IOC for the singles, but in the doubles he and his Greek partner [[Demetrios Petrokokkinos]] are listed as a "mixed team".<ref name="DoublesResults">{{cite web|url = https://www.olympic.org/athens-1896/tennis/doubles-men|title = Doubles Men|year = 2016|publisher = [[International Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Kasdaglis had British citizenship, but lived in Egypt and was a member of Egyptian clubs, and thus he has been considered by some as an Egyptian Olympian.<ref name="KasdaglisSR">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Dimitrios Kasdaglis Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ka/dimitrios-kasdaglis-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref><ref name="KasdaglisEGY">{{cite book|last = Conner|first = Floyd|title = The Olympic's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of the Olympics' Gold Medal Gaffes, Improbable Triumphs, and Other Oddities|publisher = [[University of Nebraska Press|Potomac Books]]|date = 2001-10-31|location = [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]|page = 11|url = https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=zQ48Zp5MVCsC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=Dionysios+Kasdaglis+Egypt&source=bl&ots=4AuH8-co8v&sig=ycCW_wWyfAiwLdBVIW5UzDtqQfk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2_afMheTPAhWBXRQKHSaRB4QQ6AEIQDAH#v=onepage&q=Dionysios%20Kasdaglis%20Egypt&f=false|isbn = 1597973971}}</ref> The [[Egyptian Olympic Committee]], founded in 1910, considers Egypt's first Olympic delegation to have been at the [[Egypt at the 1912 Summer Olympics|1912 Summer Olympics]],<ref name="EOC">{{cite web|url = http://www.egyptianolympic.org/history.html|title = History|year = 2015|publisher = [[Egyptian Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}}</ref> which is supported by that year's official report,<ref name="1912Report">{{cite journal|title = The Official Report of the Olympic Games of Stockholm 1912|page = 889|publisher = [[Swedish Olympic Committee]]|location = [[Stockholm]]|date = 1913|url = http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1912/1912.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> but there is uncertainty as to whether the fencer they sent actually competed.<ref name="SRFencing">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Fencing at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1912/FEN/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Egypt took part in the Olympic Games, with athletes of Egyptian descent, in [[Egypt at the 1920 Summer Olympics|1920]].<ref name="Egypt1920">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Egypt at the 1920 Antwerpen Summer Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/EGY/summer/1920/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref>


Two individuals, [[Arthur Marson]] and [[Eugenio Colombani]], marched under the [[List of Egyptian flags|flag]] of the [[Khedivate of Egypt]] (an [[Turkish Olympic Committee|Ottoman Olympic Committee]] would not be formed until 1908),<ref name="OttomanNOC">{{cite web|url = http://olimpiyat.org.tr/Detay/TMOK/Tarihce/46/1|title = Tarihçe|year = 2016|publisher = [[Turkish Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}} {{tr icon}}</ref> in what was the first full opening ceremony for an event considered Olympic.<ref name="Dictionary"/> Marson, competing in [[Athletics at the 1906 Intercalated Games|track and field athletics]], was a member of the Greek Ifitos Kairou club of [[Cairo]].<ref name="Marson">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Arthur Marson Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/arthur-marson-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Colombani, of the Italian club Soc. Palaestra Boccolini, took pat in [[Cycling at the 1906 Intercalated Games|cycling]] and [[Wrestling at the 1906 Intercalated Games|wrestling]].<ref name="Colombani">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Eugenio Colombani Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/co/eugenio-colombani-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Neither athlete won a medal.<ref name="SREvent">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Egypt at the 1906 Intercalated Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/EGY/summer/1906/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref>
Two individuals, [[Arthur Marson]] and [[Eugenio Colombani]], marched under the [[List of Egyptian flags|flag]] of the [[Khedivate of Egypt]] (an [[Turkish Olympic Committee|Ottoman Olympic Committee]] would not be formed until 1908),<ref name="OttomanNOC">{{cite web|url = http://olimpiyat.org.tr/Detay/TMOK/Tarihce/46/1|title = Tarihçe|year = 2016|publisher = [[Turkish Olympic Committee]]|access-date = 2016-10-18}} {{tr icon}}</ref> in what was the first full opening ceremony for an event considered Olympic.<ref name="Dictionary"/> Marson, competing in [[Athletics at the 1906 Intercalated Games|track and field athletics]], was a member of the Greek Ifitos Kairou club of [[Cairo]].<ref name="Marson">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Arthur Marson Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/arthur-marson-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Colombani, of the Italian club Soc. Palaestra Boccolini, took part in [[Cycling at the 1906 Intercalated Games|cycling]] and [[Wrestling at the 1906 Intercalated Games|wrestling]].<ref name="Colombani">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Eugenio Colombani Bio, Stats, and Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/co/eugenio-colombani-1.html|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref> Neither athlete won a medal.<ref name="SREvent">{{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Egypt at the 1906 Intercalated Games|publisher = Sports Reference.com|year = June 2016|url = http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/EGY/summer/1906/|accessdate = 2016-10-18}}</ref>


==Athletics==
==Athletics==

Revision as of 08:12, 4 November 2016

Template:Infobox Olympics Egypt

Two athletes, both men, competed under the Egyptian banner at the 1906 Intercalated Games in Athens, Greece and took part in five events across three sports. Arthur Marson, a track and field athlete, did not place within the top six in the 5 mile and failed to finish the marathon. Eugenio Colombani competed in cycling and wrestling, but did not make the finals of any event.[1] Egypt, therefore, did not win any medals at the Games.

Background

The 1906 Intercalated Games are no longer recognized as Olympic by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), but they were considered as such by contemporary sources.[2] In 1906, Egypt was de jure under the control of the Ottoman Empire, but had been de facto run by the British since 1882.[3] At the 1896 Summer Olympics, an athlete by the name of Dionysios Kasdaglis competed in tennis and won silver medals in the singles and doubles tournaments. Kasdaglis is listed as Greek by the IOC for the singles, but in the doubles he and his Greek partner Demetrios Petrokokkinos are listed as a "mixed team".[4] Kasdaglis had British citizenship, but lived in Egypt and was a member of Egyptian clubs, and thus he has been considered by some as an Egyptian Olympian.[5][6] The Egyptian Olympic Committee, founded in 1910, considers Egypt's first Olympic delegation to have been at the 1912 Summer Olympics,[7] which is supported by that year's official report,[8] but there is uncertainty as to whether the fencer they sent actually competed.[9] Egypt took part in the Olympic Games, with athletes of Egyptian descent, in 1920.[10]

Two individuals, Arthur Marson and Eugenio Colombani, marched under the flag of the Khedivate of Egypt (an Ottoman Olympic Committee would not be formed until 1908),[11] in what was the first full opening ceremony for an event considered Olympic.[2] Marson, competing in track and field athletics, was a member of the Greek Ifitos Kairou club of Cairo.[12] Colombani, of the Italian club Soc. Palaestra Boccolini, took part in cycling and wrestling.[1] Neither athlete won a medal.[13]

Athletics

Main article: Athletics at the 1906 Intercalated Games

Marson competed in two events in Athens: the marathon and the 5 mile. In the marathon, which was slightly shorter than the distance of the traditional marathon, he was one of the 38 entrants (out of 53 total) who did not finish the race.[14] His placement in the 5 mile is unknown, but he did not finish in the top six.[15]

Cycling

Main article: Cycling at the 1906 Intercalated Games

Colombani took part in two cycling events in Athens: the sprint and the 20 kilometers. In the sprint, he lost in both the opening round and repêchage heats and did not advance to the final. In the 20 kilometers, he completed the opening round successfully, but in a time that did not qualify him for the finals.[1]

Wrestling

Main article: Wrestling at the 1906 Intercalated Games

Colombani competed in the men's lightweight division in Athens. He was eliminated in Round One by Carl Carlsen of Denmark, who would go on to win the silver medal in the event.[16]

References

  1. ^ a b c Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Eugenio Colombani Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  2. ^ a b Grasso, John; Bill Mallon; Jeroen Heijmans (14 May 2015). Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement (5 ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. xlvi. ISBN 1442248602.
  3. ^ Sicker, Martin (2001). The Middle East in the Twentieth Century. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 101. ISBN 0275968936.
  4. ^ "Doubles Men". International Olympic Committee. 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2016.
  5. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Dimitrios Kasdaglis Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  6. ^ Conner, Floyd (31 October 2001). The Olympic's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of the Olympics' Gold Medal Gaffes, Improbable Triumphs, and Other Oddities. Lincoln, Nebraska: Potomac Books. p. 11. ISBN 1597973971.
  7. ^ "History". Egyptian Olympic Committee. 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2016.
  8. ^ "The Official Report of the Olympic Games of Stockholm 1912" (PDF). Stockholm: Swedish Olympic Committee. 1913: 889. Retrieved 18 October 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Fencing at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  10. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Egypt at the 1920 Antwerpen Summer Games". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  11. ^ "Tarihçe". Turkish Olympic Committee. 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2016. Template:Tr icon
  12. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Arthur Marson Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  13. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Egypt at the 1906 Intercalated Games". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  14. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's Marathon". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  15. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's 5 mile". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  16. ^ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (June 2016). "Wrestling at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's Lightweight, Greco-Roman". Sports Reference.com. Retrieved 18 October 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
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