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An experienced soldier, he took part in the [[Aragonese Crusade]] and attempted an invasion of Sicily in 1287.<ref>Housley, Norman, ''The later Crusades, 1274-1580: from Lyons to Alcazar'', (Oxford University Press, 1992), 204.</ref> In 1288 Robert began work on a great park at [[Hesdin]]. The park contained a menagerie, aviaries, fishponds, orchards, an enclosed garden and facilities for tournaments.<ref>{{cite book|last=Landsberg|first=Sylvia|title=The Medieval Garden|year=1995|publisher=Thames and Hudson|location=New York|pages=22}}</ref> It also contained mechanical statues including waving monkeys draped in skins.<ref>{{cite book|last=Macdougall|first=Elisabeth B|title=Medieval Gardens|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i6lciEEzyZ8C&lpg=PA125&ots=CmsyjP-KKJ&dq=hesdin%20AND%20(park%20OR%20gardens)%20Robert&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q=hesdin%20AND%20(park%20OR%20gardens)%20Robert&f=false|publisher=Google Books|accessdate=19 July 2012}}</ref>
An experienced soldier, he took part in the [[Aragonese Crusade]] and attempted an invasion of Sicily in 1287.<ref>Housley, Norman, ''The later Crusades, 1274-1580: from Lyons to Alcazar'', (Oxford University Press, 1992), 204.</ref> In 1288 Robert began work on a great park at [[Hesdin]]. The park contained a menagerie, aviaries, fishponds, orchards, an enclosed garden and facilities for tournaments.<ref>{{cite book|last=Landsberg|first=Sylvia|title=The Medieval Garden|year=1995|publisher=Thames and Hudson|location=New York|pages=22}}</ref> It also contained mechanical statues including waving monkeys draped in skins.<ref>{{cite book|last=Macdougall|first=Elisabeth B|title=Medieval Gardens|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i6lciEEzyZ8C&lpg=PA125&ots=CmsyjP-KKJ&dq=hesdin%20AND%20(park%20OR%20gardens)%20Robert&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q=hesdin%20AND%20(park%20OR%20gardens)%20Robert&f=false|publisher=Google Books|accessdate=19 July 2012}}</ref>


He defeated the [[Flanders|Flemings]] in 1297 at the [[Battle of Furnes]].<ref>Funck-Brentano, Fr., ''The Middle Ages'', (WILLIAM HEINEMAW LTI), 375.</ref> He was again sent into Flanders in July 1302, where he began to ravage the countryside and attempted to take the town of [[Kortrijk]].
He defeated the [[Flanders|Flemings]] in 1297 at the [[Battle of Furnes]].<ref>Funck-Brentano, Fr., ''The Middle Ages'', (WILLIAM HEINEMAW LTI), 375.</ref> He was again sent into Flanders in July 1302, where he began to ravage the countryside and attempted to take the town of [[Kortrijk]].

==Pranks==

Robert loved [[practical joke|pranks]]. His garden had:

A statue that squirted water at people that walked past, a trapdoor that dropped people onto a feather bed, a hose pipe that squirted water up ladies' dresses, a statue that squawked like a parrot, and a room that greeted people with a thunderstorm as they opened the door. <ref>https://books.google.ae/books?id=QjG3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28&dq=robert+count+of+artois+had+a+room+that+greeted+you+with+thunder&source=bl&ots=QtyBfAcdL8&sig=FnTR769lsY15A_QgMQ198kBcwCM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjnkPCA1JrRAhVImpQKHf_dA-EQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&q=robert%20count%20of%20artois%20had%20a%20room%20that%20greeted%20you%20with%20thunder&f=false</ref>

(Too bad they didn't have video cameras back then.)

Robert also brought falcons into church and let farm animals loose. <ref>http://joycemoore.blogspot.com.au/2010/02/robert-ii-of-artois.html?m=1</ref>


==Battle of the Golden Spurs==
==Battle of the Golden Spurs==

Revision as of 00:55, 30 December 2016

Robert II, Count of Artois
Robert II, Count of Artois
BornSeptember 1250
Died(1302-07-11)11 July 1302
Battle of the Golden Spurs, near Kortrijk
Noble familyHouse of Artois
Spouse(s)Amicie de Courtenay
Agnes of Dampierre
Margaret of Hainaut
FatherRobert I of Artois
MotherMatilda of Brabant

Robert II (September 1250 – 11 July 1302) was the Count of Artois, the posthumous son and heir of Robert I and Matilda of Brabant.[1] Nephew of the sainted King Louis IX, as a young man Robert was fond of practical jokes and in later life owned a pet wolf.[2] He died at the Battle of the Golden Spurs.

Life

An experienced soldier, he took part in the Aragonese Crusade and attempted an invasion of Sicily in 1287.[3] In 1288 Robert began work on a great park at Hesdin. The park contained a menagerie, aviaries, fishponds, orchards, an enclosed garden and facilities for tournaments.[4] It also contained mechanical statues including waving monkeys draped in skins.[5]

He defeated the Flemings in 1297 at the Battle of Furnes.[6] He was again sent into Flanders in July 1302, where he began to ravage the countryside and attempted to take the town of Kortrijk.

Pranks

Robert loved pranks. His garden had:

A statue that squirted water at people that walked past, a trapdoor that dropped people onto a feather bed, a hose pipe that squirted water up ladies' dresses, a statue that squawked like a parrot, and a room that greeted people with a thunderstorm as they opened the door. [7]

(Too bad they didn't have video cameras back then.)

Robert also brought falcons into church and let farm animals loose. [8]

Battle of the Golden Spurs

He then met the Flemish army at the Battle of the Golden Spurs. His infantry advanced with great success against the Flemings (mostly city militia), but he ordered their recall to allow his cavalry to make the final, victorious charge. But on the broken, marshy ground, his knights were unable to gain enough momentum to break the Flemish shieldwall, and they were knocked down and slaughtered. Robert led some of the reserves in a second charge in an attempt to reverse their fortunes, but he and his troops were cut down by the Flemish infantry.[9]

Family

In 1262 in Paris Robert married Amicie de Courtenay (1250–1275), daughter of Pierre de Courtenay, Seigneur de Conches, a great-grandson of Louis VI, and Perronelle de Joigny. They had three children:

  • Mahaut (1268–1329)
  • Philip (1269–1298)
  • Robert (born 1271, died young).

After Amicie's death, Robert married twice more: first, in 1277, to Agnes of Dampierre (1237–1288), heiress of Bourbon, and then, on 18 October 1298 to Margaret (died 1342), daughter of John II, Count of Hainaut. After Robert's death, his daughter Mahaut inherited Artois, but his grandson Robert III unsuccessfully tried to claim it.[1]

Ancestry

Family of Robert II, Count of Artois
16. Louis VII of France
8. Philip II of France
17. Adèle of Champagne
4. Louis VIII of France
18. Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut
9. Isabelle of Hainaut
19. Margaret I, Countess of Flanders
2. Robert I, Count of Artois
20. Sancho III of Castile
10. Alfonso VIII of Castile
21. Blanche of Navarre
5. Blanche of Castile
22. Henry II of England
11. Eleanor of England
23. Eleanor of Aquitaine
1. Robert II, Count of Artois
24. Godfrey III, Count of Leuven
12. Henry I, Duke of Brabant
25. Margaret of Limburg
6. Henry II, Duke of Brabant
26. Matthew, Count of Boulogne
13. Mathilde of Flanders
27. Marie I, Countess of Boulogne
3. Matilda of Brabant
28. Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
14. Philip of Swabia
29. Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy
7. Marie of Hohenstaufen
30. Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine Emperor
15. Irene Angelina
31. Unknown Palaiologina?, afterwards Irene

References

  1. ^ a b Artois, John Bell Henneman Jr., Medieval France: An Encyclopedia, ed. William W. Kibler, Grover A. Zinn and Lawrence Earp, (Routledge, 1995), 143.
  2. ^ Jordan, William Chester. "Count Robert's "Pet" Wolf" (PDF). Retrieved 18 July 2012.
  3. ^ Housley, Norman, The later Crusades, 1274-1580: from Lyons to Alcazar, (Oxford University Press, 1992), 204.
  4. ^ Landsberg, Sylvia (1995). The Medieval Garden. New York: Thames and Hudson. p. 22.
  5. ^ Macdougall, Elisabeth B. Medieval Gardens. Google Books. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  6. ^ Funck-Brentano, Fr., The Middle Ages, (WILLIAM HEINEMAW LTI), 375.
  7. ^ https://books.google.ae/books?id=QjG3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28&dq=robert+count+of+artois+had+a+room+that+greeted+you+with+thunder&source=bl&ots=QtyBfAcdL8&sig=FnTR769lsY15A_QgMQ198kBcwCM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjnkPCA1JrRAhVImpQKHf_dA-EQ6AEIGjAA#v=onepage&q=robert%20count%20of%20artois%20had%20a%20room%20that%20greeted%20you%20with%20thunder&f=false
  8. ^ http://joycemoore.blogspot.com.au/2010/02/robert-ii-of-artois.html?m=1
  9. ^ Dunbabin, Jean, A hound of God: Pierre de la Palud and the fourteenth-century church, (Oxford University Press, 1991), 178.

Sources

  • Dunbabin, Jean, A hound of God: Pierre de la Palud and the fourteenth-century church, Oxford University Press, 1991.
  • Funck-Brentano, Frantz, The Middle Ages, Heinemann, 1922.
  • Housley, Norman, The later Crusades, 1274-1580: from Lyons to Alcazar, Oxford University Press, 1992.
  • Leese, Thelma Anna, Blood royal: issue of the kings and queens of medieval England, 1066-1399, Heritage Books Inc., 2007.
Robert II, Count of Artois
Born: September 1250 Died: 11 July 1302
Preceded by Count of Artois
1250–1302 		Succeeded by
Mahaut
disputed by Robert III
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