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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name = Shah Hussain
| name = Shah Hussain
| birth_date = 1538
| birth_date = 1538
| birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]], now [[Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]], now [[Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| death_date = 1591 (aged 53)
| death_date = 1591 (aged 53)
| death_place = near [[Ravi River]], [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]], now [[Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| death_place = near [[Ravi River]], [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]], now [[Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| resting_place = Durbar Madho Lal Hussain, [[Baghbanpura]], [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan]]
| resting_place = Durbar Madho Lal Hussain, [[Baghbanpura]], [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan]]
| occupation = [[Sufi]] [[poet]]
| occupation = [[Sufi]] [[poet]]
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| image =
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}}
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| image
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'''Shah Hussain''' (1538–1591) was a [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] [[Sufi]] [[poet]] who is regarded as a [[Sufi]] saint. He was the son of Sheikh Usman, and belonged to the Dhudhi clan of Rajputs. He was born in [[Lahore]], [[India]]. He is considered to be a pioneer of the [[Kafi]] form of Punjabi poetry. '''Shah Hussain''' is also often known as '''Shah Hussain Faqir''' - ''Faqir'' meaning ''Beggar'' person in English and ''Shah'' means ''King''. So due to his extremely humble [[Sufi]] personality, people called him ''The Beggar King'', a person who was a King and a Beggar at the same time.
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'''Shah Hussain''' (1538–1591) was a [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] [[Sufi]] [[poet]] who is regarded as a [[Sufi]] saint. He was the son of Sheikh Usman, , and belonged to the Dhudhi clan of Rajputs. He was born in [[Lahore]] [[India]]). He is considered to be a pioneer of the [[Kafi]] form of Punjabi poetry. '''Shah Hussain''' is also often known as '''Shah Hussain Faqir''' - ''Faqir'' meaning ''Beggar'' person in English and ''Shah'' means ''King''. So due to his extremely humble [[Sufi]] personality, people called him ''The Beggar King'', a person who was a King and a Beggar at the same time.


Shah Hussain's love for a [[Brahmin]] boy called "Madho" or "Madho Lal" is famous, and they are often referred to as a single person with the composite name of "'''Madho Lal Hussain'''". Madho's tomb lies next to Hussain's in the shrine.<ref name="EIL">Lal, Mohan. (2006) ''Encyclopaedia of Indian literature.'' Vol. 5, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, p. 3940. ISBN 81-260-1221-8</ref>
Shah Hussain's love for a [[Brahmin]] boy called "Madho" or "Madho Lal" is famous, and they are often referred to as a single person with the composite name of "'''Madho Lal Hussain'''". Madho's tomb lies next to Hussain's in the shrine.<ref name="EIL">Lal, Mohan. (2006) ''Encyclopaedia of Indian literature.'' Vol. 5, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, p. 3940. ISBN 81-260-1221-8.</ref>


His tomb and shrine is located at the [[Baghbanpura]] precincts, adjacent to the [[Shalimar Gardens (Lahore)|Shalimar Gardens]] [[Lahore]], Pakistan. His [[Urs]] (annual death anniversary) is celebrated at his shrine every year during the "[[Mela Chiraghan]]" ("Festival of Lights").<ref>http://www.dawn.com/news/1248883, Annual [[Mela Chiraghan]] (Festival of Lights) in [[Lahore]] on [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] newspaper, Published 4 April 2016, Retrieved 19 Aug 2016</ref>
His tomb and shrine is located at the [[Baghbanpura]] precincts, adjacent to the [[Shalimar Gardens (Lahore)|Shalimar Gardens]] [[Lahore]], Pakistan. His [[Urs]] (annual death anniversary) is celebrated at his shrine every year during the "[[Mela Chiraghan]]" ("Festival of Lights").<ref>[http://www.dawn.com/news/1248883], Annual [[Mela Chiraghan]] (Festival of Lights) in [[Lahore]] on [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] newspaper, Published 4 April 2016, Retrieved 19 Aug 2016.</ref>


==Kafis of Shah Hussain==
==Kafis of Shah Hussain==
Line 28: Line 27:
| location =
| location =
| pages =
| pages =
|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=LryJYgEACAAJ&dq=shah+hussain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Tte3VMzWI4fauQTO3YGIAQ&ved=0CDAQ6AEwBA}}</ref> A typical 'Hussain Kafi' contains a refrain and some rhymed lines. The number of rhymed lines is usually between four and ten. Only occasionally is a longer form adopted. Hussain's Kafis are also composed for, and the singing of them have been set to music based on Punjabi folk music. Many of his Kafis are part of the traditional [[Qawwali]] repertoire. His poems have been performed as songs by Kaavish, [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], [[Abida Parveen]], [[Ghulam Ali (singer)|Ghulam Ali]], Hamid Ali Bela, [[Amjad Parvez]], [[Junoon (band)]] and [[Noor Jehan]], among others.<ref>http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1eo69s_hamid-ali-bela-maaye-ni-main-kino-aakhan-kalam-shah-hussain_music, Hamid Ali Bela sings Shah Hussain poem on dailymotion.com website, Retrieved 19 Aug 2016</ref> "It may be asserted that poetry is often written to be sung. And all poetry carries, through manipulation of sound effects, some suggestion of music".<ref>http://www.travel-culture.com/punjabi-poetry/shah-hussain.shtml, Profile of ''Shah Hussain'' on travel-culture.com website, Retrieved 19 Aug 2016</ref>
|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=LryJYgEACAAJ&dq=shah+hussain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Tte3VMzWI4fauQTO3YGIAQ&ved=0CDAQ6AEwBA}}</ref> A typical 'Hussain Kafi' contains a refrain and some rhymed lines. The number of rhymed lines is usually between four and ten. Only occasionally is a longer form adopted. Hussain's Kafis are also composed for, and the singing of them have been set to music based on Punjabi folk music. Many of his Kafis are part of the traditional [[Qawwali]] repertoire. His poems have been performed as songs by Kaavish, [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], [[Abida Parveen]], [[Ghulam Ali (singer)|Ghulam Ali]], Hamid Ali Bela, [[Amjad Parvez]], [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] and [[Noor Jehan]], among others.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1eo69s_hamid-ali-bela-maaye-ni-main-kino-aakhan-kalam-shah-hussain_music |title = Hamid Ali Bela sings Shah Hussain poem |website = dailymotion.com |accessdate = 19 August 2016}}</ref> "It may be asserted that poetry is often written to be sung. And all poetry carries, through manipulation of sound effects, some suggestion of music".<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.travel-culture.com/punjabi-poetry/shah-hussain.shtml |title = Profile of 'Shah Hussain' |website = travel-culture.com |accessdate = 19 August 2016}}</ref>


Here are three examples, which draw on the love story of [[Heer Ranjha]]:
Here are three examples, which draw on the love story of [[Heer Ranjha]]:

Revision as of 09:50, 27 February 2017

Shah Hussain
Born1538
Lahore, Mughal Empire, now Punjab, Pakistan
Died1591 (aged 53)
near Ravi River, Lahore, Mughal Empire, now Punjab, Pakistan
Resting placeDurbar Madho Lal Hussain, Baghbanpura, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
OccupationSufi poet

Shah Hussain (1538–1591) was a Punjabi Sufi poet who is regarded as a Sufi saint. He was the son of Sheikh Usman, and belonged to the Dhudhi clan of Rajputs. He was born in Lahore, India. He is considered to be a pioneer of the Kafi form of Punjabi poetry. Shah Hussain is also often known as Shah Hussain Faqir - Faqir meaning Beggar person in English and Shah means King. So due to his extremely humble Sufi personality, people called him The Beggar King, a person who was a King and a Beggar at the same time.

Shah Hussain's love for a Brahmin boy called "Madho" or "Madho Lal" is famous, and they are often referred to as a single person with the composite name of "Madho Lal Hussain". Madho's tomb lies next to Hussain's in the shrine.[1]

His tomb and shrine is located at the Baghbanpura precincts, adjacent to the Shalimar Gardens Lahore, Pakistan. His Urs (annual death anniversary) is celebrated at his shrine every year during the "Mela Chiraghan" ("Festival of Lights").[2]

Kafis of Shah Hussain

Hussain's poetry consists entirely of short poems known as Kafis.[3] A typical 'Hussain Kafi' contains a refrain and some rhymed lines. The number of rhymed lines is usually between four and ten. Only occasionally is a longer form adopted. Hussain's Kafis are also composed for, and the singing of them have been set to music based on Punjabi folk music. Many of his Kafis are part of the traditional Qawwali repertoire. His poems have been performed as songs by Kaavish, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Abida Parveen, Ghulam Ali, Hamid Ali Bela, Amjad Parvez, Junoon and Noor Jehan, among others.[4] "It may be asserted that poetry is often written to be sung. And all poetry carries, through manipulation of sound effects, some suggestion of music".[5]

Here are three examples, which draw on the love story of Heer Ranjha:

Another Kafi:

Two Kafis that are addressed to his converted Hindu disciple Madho Lal Hussain[6] need a special mention:

Nyoon La Liya – نیوں لا لیا – I’ve Given My Heart (With Translation)

 

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں
(دل)
nyoon
Heart

نیوں لا لیا – ہائے
(دل دے دیا– ہائے)
nyoon la liya – haaye
I’ve given my heart – alas!

نیوں
(دل)
nyoon
Heart

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

بے پرواہ دے نال
(اک بے پروا کو)
be-parwaah de naal
To an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

اوس دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(اس دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
os deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

 

 

ندیوں پار رانجھن دا تھاںا
(ندیوں پار رانجھا کا ٹھکانا)
nadyon paar raanjhan da thaana
Far across the river is where my Ranjha lives

ندیوں پار رانجھن دا تھاںا
(ندیوں پار رانجھا کا ٹھکانا)
nadyon paar raanjhan da thaana
Far across the river is where my Ranjha lives

کیتا قول ضروری جاںا
(وعدہ کیا ہے، ضروری ہے جانا)
keeta kaul zaroori jaana
I made a pledge and must go to him

کیتا قول ضروری جاںا
(وعدہ کیا ہے، ضروری ہے جانا)
keeta kaul zaroori jaana
I made a pledge and must go to him

منتاں کراں ملاح دے نال
(منتیں کروں ملاح سے میں)
mintaan karaan mallaah de naal
I beg the boatman to take me there

منتاں کراں ملاح دے نال
(منتیں کروں ملاح سے میں)
mintaan karaan mallaah de naal
I beg the boatman to take me there

 

 

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

اوس دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(اس دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
os deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

 

 

کہے حسین فقیر نماںا
(حسین، جو محض اک حقیر سا فقیر ہے، کہتا ہے)
kahe husain faqeer nimaana
Shah Husain, the lowly beggar, says

کہے حسین فقیر نماںا
(حسین، جو محض اک حقیر سا فقیر ہے، کہتا ہے)
kahe husain faqeer nimaana
Shah Husain, the lowly beggar, says

دنیا چھوڑ آخر مر جاںا
(دنیا چھوڑ کے آخر مر جانا ہوتا ہے)
dunya chhoṛ aakhar mar jaana
This world is temporary, we must die and leave it ultimately

دنیا چھوڑ آخر مر جاںا
(دنیا چھوڑ کے آخر مر جانا ہوتا ہے)
dunya chhoṛ aakhar mar jaana
This world is temporary, we must die and leave it ultimately

اوڑک کم اللہ دے نال
(آخر کار، ہمیں صرف الله سے کام ہوتا ہے)
auṛak kam allaah de naal
In the end, we are concerned with God alone

اوڑک کم اللہ دے نال
(آخر کار، ہمیں صرف الله سے کام ہوتا ہے)
auṛak kam allaah de naal
In the end, we are concerned with God alone

 

 

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا – ہائے
(دل دے دیا– ہائے)
nyoon la liya – haaye
I’ve given my heart – alas!

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا – ہائے
(دل دے دیا– ہائے)
nyoon la liya – haaye
I’ve given my heart – alas!

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah
…my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا
(دل دے دیا)
nyoon la liya
I’ve given my heart

 

 

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

اوس دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(اس دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
os deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

دین دنی دے شاہ دے نال
(دین و دنیا کے شاہ کو)
deen duni de shaah de naal
To the sovereign of both this world and the next

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

نیوں لا لیا بے پرواہ دے نال
(دل دے دیا اک بے پروا کو)
nyoon la liya be-parwaah de naal
I’ve given my heart to an uncaring beloved

See also

References

  1. ^ Lal, Mohan. (2006) Encyclopaedia of Indian literature. Vol. 5, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, p. 3940. ISBN 81-260-1221-8.
  2. ^ [1], Annual Mela Chiraghan (Festival of Lights) in Lahore on Dawn newspaper, Published 4 April 2016, Retrieved 19 Aug 2016.
  3. ^ Hussain, Shah (1987). Kafiyan Shah Hussain: Kalaam Aur Urdu Tarjumah.
  4. ^ "Hamid Ali Bela sings Shah Hussain poem". dailymotion.com. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  5. ^ "Profile of 'Shah Hussain'". travel-culture.com. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  6. ^ Amin Naqshbandy, Sheikh Parvaiz (2001). Hazrat Maadho Laal Hussain. the University of Michigan: Umar Publications. p. 120.

Further reading

  • Great Sufi Poets of The Punjab, by R. M. Chopra, Iran Society, Kolkata, 1999.


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