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===Speculations of antagonism===
===Speculations of antagonism===
In late October 2015, a [[Reddit]] user by the name of "Lumpawarroo" published a theory speculating that Binks was originally written as a major [[antagonist]] of the series, and a prominent collaborator with [[Palpatine]], before being redacted from the villain's role due to the character's initial negative reception.<ref>{{cite web |title=[Theory]|url=https://www.reddit.com/comments/3qvj6w/ |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=October 30, 2015 |author=Lumpawarroo |publisher=[[Reddit]] /r/StarWars}}</ref> The post quickly became [[Viral phenomenon|viral]] and received significant media coverage internationally by independent bloggers and major news outlets like ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[The Washington Post]]'', and ''[[The New York Times]]'' that included analysis of his actions in ''[[Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace|The Phantom Menace]]''.<ref name="Matt Hickey">{{cite web |title=Fans Rocked By Star Wars Character Theory That Changes Everything They Know |url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthickey/2015/10/31/fans-rocked-by-star-wars-character-theory-that-changes-everything-they-know/ |accessdate=November 16, 2015 |date=October 31, 2015 |author=Matt Hickey |publisher=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Is Jar Jar Binks the ultimate Star Wars bad guy? Yes, says the internet |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/06/jar-jar-binks-star-wars-sith-snoke-george-lucasa-jj-abrams-reddit-lumpawaroo-theory |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=November 6, 2015 |author=Andrew P Street |publisher=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The biggest problem with the Jar Jar Theory |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/compost/wp/2015/11/04/the-biggest-problem-with-the-jar-jar-theory/ |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=November 4, 2015 |author=[[Alexandra Petri]] |publisher=The Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Darth Jar Jar and the Wisdom of Fans |url=http://douthat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/11/09/darth-jar-jar-and-the-wisdom-of-fans/?_r=0 |accessdate=November 16, 2015 |date=November 9, 2015 |author=Ross Douthat |publisher=The New York Times}}</ref> Ahmed Best, who portrayed Jar Jar Binks in motion capture and voice, tweeted his thoughts on how it "feels good" when the truth comes out shortly after the theory gained widespread popularity.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/ahmedbest/status/661221044712148993/ |title=I will say this, it feels really good when the hidden meaning behind the work is seen. No matter how long it takes. #TPM|accessdate=December 26, 2015 |date=November 2, 2015 |author=Ahmed Best}}</ref>
In late October 2015, a [[Reddit]] user by the name of "Lumpawarroo" published a theory speculating that Binks was originally written as a major [[antagonist]] of the series, and a prominent collaborator with [[Palpatine]], before being redacted from the villain's role due to the character's initial (and ongoing) negative reception.<ref>{{cite web |title=[Theory]|url=https://www.reddit.com/comments/3qvj6w/ |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=October 30, 2015 |author=Lumpawarroo |publisher=[[Reddit]] /r/StarWars}}</ref> The post quickly became [[Viral phenomenon|viral]] and received significant media coverage internationally by independent bloggers and major news outlets like ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[The Washington Post]]'', and ''[[The New York Times]]'' that included analysis of his actions in ''[[Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace|The Phantom Menace]]''.<ref name="Matt Hickey">{{cite web |title=Fans Rocked By Star Wars Character Theory That Changes Everything They Know |url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthickey/2015/10/31/fans-rocked-by-star-wars-character-theory-that-changes-everything-they-know/ |accessdate=November 16, 2015 |date=October 31, 2015 |author=Matt Hickey |publisher=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Is Jar Jar Binks the ultimate Star Wars bad guy? Yes, says the internet |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/06/jar-jar-binks-star-wars-sith-snoke-george-lucasa-jj-abrams-reddit-lumpawaroo-theory |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=November 6, 2015 |author=Andrew P Street |publisher=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The biggest problem with the Jar Jar Theory |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/compost/wp/2015/11/04/the-biggest-problem-with-the-jar-jar-theory/ |accessdate=November 11, 2015 |date=November 4, 2015 |author=[[Alexandra Petri]] |publisher=The Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Darth Jar Jar and the Wisdom of Fans |url=http://douthat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/11/09/darth-jar-jar-and-the-wisdom-of-fans/?_r=0 |accessdate=November 16, 2015 |date=November 9, 2015 |author=Ross Douthat |publisher=The New York Times}}</ref> Ahmed Best, who portrayed Jar Jar Binks in motion capture and voice, tweeted his thoughts on how it "feels good" when the truth comes out shortly after the theory gained widespread popularity.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/ahmedbest/status/661221044712148993/ |title=I will say this, it feels really good when the hidden meaning behind the work is seen. No matter how long it takes. #TPM|accessdate=December 26, 2015 |date=November 2, 2015 |author=Ahmed Best}}</ref>


The initial hints that Jar Jar Binks was to have a major role in the Prequel trilogy is consistent with him "rhyming" with [[Yoda]]. His clumsiness followed textbook examples of [[Zui Quan]] combined with the instinctive "Force" use of [[The Magicians of Xanth#Bink|Bink]] from [[Xanth]]. Apart from Bink, there are strong indicators the character's motivations and real power is based on [[Mule (Foundation)|the Mule / jester Magnifico]] from [[Isaac Asimov]]'s [[Foundation series|''Foundation'' series]], a common source of inspiration for George Lucas when writing for the ''Star Wars'' setting.<ref>URL|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rHyf0FBvt4</ref>
The initial hints that Jar Jar Binks was to have a major role in the Prequel trilogy is consistent with him "rhyming" with [[Yoda]]. His clumsiness followed textbook examples of [[Zui Quan]] combined with the instinctive "Force" use of [[The Magicians of Xanth#Bink|Bink]] from [[Xanth]]. Apart from Bink, there are strong indicators the character's motivations and real power is based on [[Mule (Foundation)|the Mule / jester Magnifico]] from [[Isaac Asimov]]'s [[Foundation series|''Foundation'' series]], a common source of inspiration for George Lucas when writing for the ''Star Wars'' setting.<ref>URL|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rHyf0FBvt4</ref>

Revision as of 10:57, 2 March 2017

Jar Jar Binks
Star Wars character
Jar Jar Binks in Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones
First appearanceThe Phantom Menace (1999)
Last appearanceStar Wars: Aftermath:
– Empire's End (2017, novel)
Created byGeorge Lucas
Portrayed byAhmed Best (motion capture, some body close-ups, Episodes I-III)
Voiced byAhmed Best (most media)
B.J. Hughes (three episodes of Star Wars: The Clone Wars)
Phil LaMarr (Lego Star Wars: The Padawan Menace)
Trevor Devall (Lego Star Wars: The Yoda Chronicles and Lego Star Wars: Droid Tales)
In-universe information
SpeciesGungan
GenderMale
OccupationGeneral in the Gungan Grand Army, Representative of the Gungan race, Senator of Chommell Sector, (substituting for Padmé Amidala)
AffiliationGungan Grand Army, Galactic Republic, Galactic Senate, Delegation of 2000, Galactic Empire, Imperial Senate, New Republic
HomeworldNaboo

Jar Jar Binks is a fictional character from the Star Wars saga created by George Lucas. A major character in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, he also has a smaller role in Episode II: Attack of the Clones, and a one-line cameo in Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, and the television series Star Wars: The Clone Wars. He has a vocal cameo in Star Wars: Return of the Jedi: Special Edition.[1] The first lead computer generated character of the franchise, he was portrayed by Ahmed Best in most of his appearances.

Jar Jar's primary role in Episode I was to provide comic relief for the audience. Upon the movie's release, he was met with an overwhelmingly negative reception from both critics and audiences.[2][3]

Conception

George Lucas was inspired to develop Jar Jar based on the Disney character of Goofy.[4] Singer Michael Jackson was originally considered for the role, but he wanted to portray the character using prosthetics while Lucas wanted him to be all CGI.[5] Ahmed Best, who would end up playing the character, would later hypothesize that Lucas might have felt uncomfortable with the thought of the singer's casting overshadowing the actual movie;[5] Best was chosen based on his work in the production of Stomp as Lucas wanted someone athletic for the role.[6] During his auditions he performed several Martial Arts moves and flips, which was a contrast to how Lucas pictured the character, which according to Best was more in line with comedic silent actors such as Buster Keaton.[6] Best would later remark that after Lucas walked out of the audition he felt he had failed it.[6]

Appearances

Films

The Phantom Menace

Jar Jar Binks first appears in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace as a bumbling, foolish Gungan from the planet Naboo. He is nearly killed by a Federation transport, only to be saved at the last minute by Jedi Knight Qui-Gon Jinn (Liam Neeson). Qui-Gon and his padawan, Obi-Wan Kenobi (Ewan McGregor), persuade Jar Jar's tribe to release him to their custody as a guide. He later goes with the Jedi and Padmé Amidala (Natalie Portman) to the planet Tatooine, where he meets and befriends Anakin Skywalker (Jake Lloyd).

Jar Jar later appears in the film's climactic battle scene, where he leads his fellow Gungans, as a general in the Gungan army, in defeating the Trade Federation. After the battle he appears at the funeral of Qui-Gon Jinn and in the ending parade with his fellow Gungans.

Attack of the Clones

Jar Jar's role in Attack of the Clones is much smaller, but his actions are significant. Ten years after helping to save his planet, he is a delegate to the Galactic Senate and as such, plays a role in bringing his old friends, Obi-Wan and Anakin (Hayden Christensen) back to Coruscant, where he greets them with enthusiasm. Later, on the behalf of the Naboo, he gives a speech to the assembled Senate in favor of granting Chancellor Palpatine (Ian McDiarmid) vast emergency powers. These are granted, giving Palpatine the power he needs to subsequently overthrow the senate and bring the galaxy into the dictatorial control of the Sith's Galactic Empire.

Revenge of the Sith

Jar Jar appears in only a few scenes in Revenge of the Sith, and has no dialogue (besides a brief "'scuse me" at one point). He was originally given some dialogue in the beginning, but this was cut.[7] He is most prominently featured in Padmé Amidala's funeral procession at the end of the film.

Television

The Clone Wars

Jar Jar Binks is a supporting character in the animated series Star Wars: The Clone Wars, once again voiced by Best, although BJ Hughes voiced the character in a handful of season one episodes. In this series, he is a Senate representative who sometimes accompanies the main characters—Anakin, Ahsoka, Obi-Wan, and Padmé—on their adventures. He and master Mace Windu are the two main characters of the two-part episode "The Disappeared" in which they had to search for missing elders and rescue a queen, who was Jar Jar's past love interest.

Literature

Chuck Wendig's 2017 novel Star Wars: Aftermath: Empire's End, set after the events of Return of the Jedi, finds Binks as a street performer who entertains refugee children but is loathed by adults who blame him for his part in the rise of the Empire. Chris Taylor of Mashable wrote that the situation reflects real life in that adults disliked Jar Jar in the prequel films, but children were entertained by him.[8][9]

In an interview, director J.J. Abrams suggested that Jar Jar's death might be referenced in Star Wars: The Force Awakens,[10] but this did not happen.[11]

Legends

With the 2012 acquisition of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company, most of the licensed Star Wars novels and comics produced since the originating 1977 film Star Wars were rebranded as Star Wars Legends and declared non-canon to the franchise in April 2014.[12][13][14]

In the game Star Wars: The Force Unleashed, Jar Jar is shown to have been frozen in carbonite by Darth Vader and kept in the Sith's lair.

Other appearances

Binks is a Lego mini-figure in the Lego Star Wars video games, and appears as an Angry Bird with a hook move called "Jar Jar Wings" in Angry Birds Star Wars II. Ahmed Best was signed on to portray Binks in the show Star Wars Detours.

Reception

Even before the release of The Phantom Menace, Jar Jar Binks became the subject of a great deal of media and popular attention. After the film's release Binks became symbolic of what many reviewers such as Brent Staples (The New York Times),[15] David Edelstein (Slate),[16] and Eric Harrison (Los Angeles Times)[17] considered to be creative flaws of the film. The character was widely rejected and often ridiculed[18] by people who felt that Jar Jar was included in the film solely to appeal to children. Bruce Handy of Vanity Fair wrote that "Jar Jar has come to symbolize what many fans see as the faults of the prequel trilogy: characters no one much cares about; a sense of humor geared toward the youngest conceivable audience members; an over-reliance on computer graphics; and story lines devoted to the kinds of convoluted political machinations which wouldn’t have been out of place in adaptations of I, Claudius or The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, but which fit less snugly in films with characters like Jar Jar Binks."[19] One fan, Mike J. Nichols, created and distributed, free of charge, a modified version of the film, entitled The Phantom Edit, which cut out several scenes featuring what Nichols dubbed 'Jar Jar antics.' The character was also lampooned on an episode of the television show South Park entitled "Jakovasaurs", in The Fairly OddParents (Episode: "Abra-Catastrophe!"), The Simpsons (Episode: "Co-Dependent's Day"), as well as the parody Star Wars episodes of Robot Chicken, in which Best reprised the role in voice-over form.[20]

Along with film critics, many have also accused the film's creators of excessive commercialization directed at young children (a criticism first leveled with the introduction of the Ewoks in Return of the Jedi).[18] Star Wars creator George Lucas stated that he feels there is a section of the fanbase who get upset with aspects of Star Wars because "the movies are for children but they don't want to admit that... There is a small group of fans that do not like comic sidekicks. They want the films to be tough like The Terminator, and they get very upset and opinionated about anything that has anything to do with being childlike."[21]

Allegations of racial caricature

Joe Morgenstern of The Wall Street Journal described the character as a "Rastafarian Stepin Fetchit on platform hoofs, crossed annoyingly with Butterfly McQueen."[22] Patricia J. Williams suggested that many aspects of Jar Jar's character are highly reminiscent of the archetypes portrayed in blackface minstrelsy,[23] while others have suggested the character is a "laid-back clown character" representing a black Caribbean stereotype.[24][25] George Lucas has denied any racist implications.[26] Ahmed Best also rejected the allegations, saying that "Jar Jar has nothing to do with the Caribbean".[27]

Speculations of antagonism

In late October 2015, a Reddit user by the name of "Lumpawarroo" published a theory speculating that Binks was originally written as a major antagonist of the series, and a prominent collaborator with Palpatine, before being redacted from the villain's role due to the character's initial (and ongoing) negative reception.[28] The post quickly became viral and received significant media coverage internationally by independent bloggers and major news outlets like The Guardian, The Washington Post, and The New York Times that included analysis of his actions in The Phantom Menace.[29][30][31][32] Ahmed Best, who portrayed Jar Jar Binks in motion capture and voice, tweeted his thoughts on how it "feels good" when the truth comes out shortly after the theory gained widespread popularity.[33]

The initial hints that Jar Jar Binks was to have a major role in the Prequel trilogy is consistent with him "rhyming" with Yoda. His clumsiness followed textbook examples of Zui Quan combined with the instinctive "Force" use of Bink from Xanth. Apart from Bink, there are strong indicators the character's motivations and real power is based on the Mule / jester Magnifico from Isaac Asimov's Foundation series, a common source of inspiration for George Lucas when writing for the Star Wars setting.[34]

After sale to Disney / The Force Awakens-reboot

Leading up to the release of Star Wars: The Force Awakens in December 2015, numerous sources have denied elements of the theory. Kathleen Kennedy of Lucasfilm explicitly stated that Jar Jar Binks would not make an appearance in the upcoming movie.[35]

References

  1. ^ "Jar Jar Binks".
  2. ^ MARIKAR, SHEILA; HERON, LIZ. "The Top 10 Worst TV and Film Characters". ABC News. Retrieved August 22, 2014.
  3. ^ Kim, Wook. "10 Things We (Still) Kinda Hate About The Phantom Menace". Time. Retrieved August 22, 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ Schwerdtfeger, Conner (December 18, 2015). "Jar Jar Binks Was Inspired By This Classic Disney Character". Cinemablend. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
  5. ^ a b Britton, Luke Morgan. "Michael Jackson wanted to play Jar Jar Binks in 'Star Wars'". NME. Retrieved December 14, 2015.
  6. ^ a b c Godfrey, Gavin. "The Actor Who Played Jar Jar Binks Is Not Sorry". Vice. Retrieved December 14, 2015.
  7. ^ Lucas, George. "Star Wars Episode 3: Revenge of the Sith Script". IMSDb. Retrieved March 17, 2013.
  8. ^ Taylor, Chris. "Revealed: What really happened to Star Wars' most hated character". Mashable.
  9. ^ Breznican, Anthony. "New Star Wars novel reveals fate of Jar Jar Binks". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  10. ^ Hooton, Christopher. "Jar Jar Binks is going to be killed off unceremoniously in Star Wars: The Force Awakens". The Independent. Retrieved May 23, 2015.
  11. ^ "Jar Jar Binks Killed By Star Wars: The Force Awakens?". Moviepilot.com. December 23, 2015. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
  12. ^ Hood, Bryan (December 15, 2015). "Why Disney Blew Up More Than 30 Years of Star Wars Canon". Bloomberg. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  13. ^ "The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  14. ^ "Disney and Random House announce relaunch of Star Wars Adult Fiction line". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  15. ^ Staples, Brent (June 20, 1999), "Shuffling Through Star Wars", The New York Times, pp. WK4
  16. ^ Edelstein, David (May 19, 1999), "Dark Side Lite", Slate, archived from the original on March 6, 2000
  17. ^ Harrison, Eric (June 21, 1999), "Even an Insider Found Jar Jar, Well, Jarring", Los Angeles Times, pp. F6
  18. ^ a b O'Ehley, James, Jar Jar Binks Must Die!, retrieved August 9, 2008
  19. ^ Handy, Bruce (September 1, 2015), "The Daring Genesis of J.J. Abrams's Star Wars: The Force Awakens", Vanity Fair, retrieved October 22, 2015
  20. ^ Robot Chicken: Star Wars at IMDb
  21. ^ "Star Wars: Lucas strikes back". BBC News. July 14, 1999. Retrieved February 7, 2007.
  22. ^ Morgenstern, Joe (May 19, 1999), "Our Inner Child Meets Young Darth", The Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), pp. A20
  23. ^ Patricia J. Williams: "Racial Ventriloquism". The Nation. June 17, 1999. Archived from the original on September 20, 2006. Retrieved June 11, 2006.
  24. ^ Ford, Paul J. (2001), "A further analysis of the ethics of representation in virtual reality: Multi-user environments", Ethics and Information Technology, 3 (2), Kluwer Academic Publishers: 113–121, doi:10.1023/A:1011846009390.
  25. ^ "Top 10 Racially Offensive Movie Characters". Retrieved October 9, 2005.
  26. ^ Okwu, Michael (June 14, 1999). "Jar Jar jarring". CNN. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
  27. ^ Okwu, Michael (June 24, 1999). "Jar Jar Binks: A Digital Star Is Born". Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 26, 2014.
  28. ^ Lumpawarroo (October 30, 2015). "[Theory]". Reddit /r/StarWars. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
  29. ^ Matt Hickey (October 31, 2015). "Fans Rocked By Star Wars Character Theory That Changes Everything They Know". Forbes. Retrieved November 16, 2015.
  30. ^ Andrew P Street (November 6, 2015). "Is Jar Jar Binks the ultimate Star Wars bad guy? Yes, says the internet". The Guardian. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
  31. ^ Alexandra Petri (November 4, 2015). "The biggest problem with the Jar Jar Theory". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
  32. ^ Ross Douthat (November 9, 2015). "Darth Jar Jar and the Wisdom of Fans". The New York Times. Retrieved November 16, 2015.
  33. ^ Ahmed Best (November 2, 2015). "I will say this, it feels really good when the hidden meaning behind the work is seen. No matter how long it takes. #TPM". Retrieved December 26, 2015.
  34. ^ URL|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rHyf0FBvt4
  35. ^ Michael Idato (December 7, 2015). "Star Wars The Force Awakens: Ewoks and Jar Jar Binks cut from new film". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
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