Politics of the Arizona Borderlands: Difference between revisions
m Googol88 moved page User:Googol88/sandbox to Politics of the Arizona Borderlands: For my WikiEdu course. Tag: |
m removed my sandbox template. |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | The Arizona borderlands are the geographic and cultural region north of the [[Arizona]] portion of the [[Mexico–United States border|US-Mexico border]]. The area is unique in that it features both an international border and the [[Tohono O'odham Nation|Tohono O'oham sovereign nation]] along much of that border. Frequent and persistent topics of interest in the area include the presence of [[Illegal immigration to the United States|illegal immigration]], the confluence of local, state, and national politics surrounding the border, conservation and [[sustainable living]], and the presence of drug traffickers and paramilitary forces in the vicinity. |
||
{{dashboard.wikiedu.org sandbox}} |
|||
= Politics of the Arizona borderlands = |
|||
| ⚫ | The Arizona borderlands are the geographic and cultural region north of the [[Arizona]] portion of the [[Mexico–United States border|US-Mexico border]]. The area is unique in that it features both an international border and the [[Tohono O'odham Nation|Tohono O'oham sovereign nation]] along much of that border. Frequent and persistent topics of interest in the area include the presence of [[Illegal immigration to the United States|illegal immigration]], the confluence of local, state, and national politics surrounding the border, conservation and [[sustainable living]], and the presence of drug traffickers and paramilitary forces in the vicinity. |
||
== Background == |
== Background == |
||
Arizona's southern border comprises 24% of the entire [[Mexico–United States border|United States-Mexico Border]] and contains six<ref name=":2">https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2012-2009/120521_testimony.pdf</ref> of the state's ten [[Port of entry|Ports of Entry]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbp.gov/contact/ports/az|title=Locate a Port of Entry {{!}} U.S. Customs and Border Protection|website=www.cbp.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-02-22}}</ref> These ports are of particular importance, however, because significant drug trafficking occurs via drugs hidden in vehicles.<ref name=":2" /> Of particular concern are drug trafficking operations in the area: the area is used heavily by the [[Sinaloa Cartel]] for smuggling [[Methamphetamine|meth]], [[cocaine]], [[heroin]] and [[Cannabis (drug)|marijuana]] across the border in the United States.<ref name=":2" /> |
Arizona's southern border comprises 24% of the entire [[Mexico–United States border|United States-Mexico Border]] and contains six<ref name=":2">https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2012-2009/120521_testimony.pdf</ref> of the state's ten [[Port of entry|Ports of Entry]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbp.gov/contact/ports/az|title=Locate a Port of Entry {{!}} U.S. Customs and Border Protection|website=www.cbp.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-02-22}}</ref> These ports are of particular importance, however, because significant drug trafficking occurs via drugs hidden in vehicles.<ref name=":2" /> Of particular concern are drug trafficking operations in the area: the area is used heavily by the [[Sinaloa Cartel]] for smuggling [[Methamphetamine|meth]], [[cocaine]], [[heroin]] and [[Cannabis (drug)|marijuana]] across the border in the United States.<ref name=":2" /> |
||
Revision as of 01:43, 3 March 2017
The Arizona borderlands are the geographic and cultural region north of the Arizona portion of the US-Mexico border. The area is unique in that it features both an international border and the Tohono O'oham sovereign nation along much of that border. Frequent and persistent topics of interest in the area include the presence of illegal immigration, the confluence of local, state, and national politics surrounding the border, conservation and sustainable living, and the presence of drug traffickers and paramilitary forces in the vicinity.
Background
Arizona's southern border comprises 24% of the entire United States-Mexico Border and contains six[1] of the state's ten Ports of Entry.[2] These ports are of particular importance, however, because significant drug trafficking occurs via drugs hidden in vehicles.[1] Of particular concern are drug trafficking operations in the area: the area is used heavily by the Sinaloa Cartel for smuggling meth, cocaine, heroin and marijuana across the border in the United States.[1]
Tohono O'Odham Nation
Main article: Tohono O'odham Nation
The Gadsden Purchase in 1854 divided the Tohono O'odham Nation into two pieces across an international border. Seventy-five miles of the southern border of the Tohono O'odham Nation's border coincide with the United States-Mexico border.[3] The Tohono O'odham people have lived in this region for thousands of years and frequently need to cross the border to visit family members and sacred sites.[4]
The existing US border control in the area already presented an obstacle to members of the tribe, which has expressed disagreement with President Trump's plan to establish a wall along the border.[5] In order for such a wall to be built without the approval of the Tohono O'odham government, the relevant piece of the land would first have to be removed from the Tohono O'odham Nation's trust, which requires a Congressional bill.[4]
The rocky geography and remote location of the border contained within the Tohono O'odham nation make it infeasible for law enforcement officers to effectively patrol the border,[1] though mounting efforts in the area have created a militarized atmosphere that is disturbing to members of the Tohono O'odham tribe.[4]
Immigration
One of the ways most commonly used to enter the country by the poorest immigrants is on foot through the Sonoran Desert. The trek takes upwards of three days[6] and immigrants face a host of issues while making it. Near the border, temperatures rise into the triple digits during the daytime in the summer months and fall to near freezing during the nighttime in the winter months.[7] Average annual precipitation varies along the border but can be as low as three inches,[7] while rainfall during the North American Monsoon season can be surprising and deadly (resulting in the passing of the Stupid Motorist Law, for example).
Immigrants attempting to cross the border frequently die making the trek: in 2013, 800 unidentified bodies of attempted immigrants were being held in Tucson, Arizona awaiting identification.[6] Immigrants also leave feces, abandoned vehicles, and trash: in a three-year period, more than a quarter million pounds of trash were removed from the area.[8]
A humanitarian organization called No More Deaths works to reduce the deaths of migrants crossing through the desert.[9]
References
- ^ a b c d https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2012-2009/120521_testimony.pdf
- ^ "Locate a Port of Entry | U.S. Customs and Border Protection". www.cbp.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
- ^ Star, Perla Trevizo Arizona Daily. "Beyond The Wall: Border fence cuts Tohono O'odham Nation in half". Arizona Daily Star. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
- ^ a b c "A 75-mile-wide gap in Trump's wall? A tribe says it won't let it divide its land". Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
- ^ "Tohono O'odham Nation Tribal Leaders Say Wall With Mexico Will Not Be Built On Their Land". KJZZ. 2016-11-14. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
- ^ a b "Arizona: Naming the dead from the desert". BBC News. 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ^ a b Data, US Climate. "Climate Yuma - Arizona and Weather averages Yuma". www.usclimatedata.com. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ^ "Living in No-Man's Land | Cultural Survival". www.culturalsurvival.org. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- ^ Admin (2014-07-13). "About No More Deaths". No More Deaths • No Más Muertes. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
{{cite news}}: no-break space character in|work=at position 17 (help)