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The three-hole pipe's origins are not known, but it dates back at least to the 11th century.<ref>[http://www.pipeandtabor.org The Taborer's Society]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2014}}<!--There is nothing at all on this promotional page for the Taborer Society about the history of the instrument.-->
The three-hole pipe's origins are not known, but it dates back at least to the 11th century.<ref>[http://www.pipeandtabor.org The Taborer's Society]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2014}}<!--There is nothing at all on this promotional page for the Taborer Society about the history of the instrument.-->


It was popular from an early date in [[France]], the [[Iberian Peninsula]] and [[Great Britain]] and remains in use there today.<ref name="The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide">[http://www.pipeandtabor.org/worldwide.htm The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070908235641/http://www.pipeandtabor.org/worldwide.htm |date=September 8, 2007 }}</ref> In the [[Basque Country (historical territory)|Basque Country]] it has increasingly gained momentum and prestige during the last century, especially during the last years of Franco's dictatorship, following that it turned into a hallmark of Basque identity and folk culture. New pipe and tabor schools have cropped up since throughout the country, providing along with tabor the musical background for traditional Basque dance ensembles (see [[txistu]]). In [[Andalusia]] these pipes (''flauta'' or ''gaita'' and the ''tambor'' or ''tamboril'') are played in celebrations, ''Cruces de Mayo'', sword dances<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302588608_DANZAS_DE_ESPADAS_Y_TOQUES_DE_TAMBORIL_EN_LA_SIERRA_Y_EL_ANDEVALO_ONUBENSES|title=DANZAS DE ESPADAS Y TOQUES DE TAMBORIL EN LA SIERRA Y EL ANDÉVALO ONUBENSES (PDF Download Available)|website=ResearchGate|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}}</ref> and ''romerías''; in the music used around ''Romería'' of ''El Rocío'' (Huelva, Andalucía) this same pipe is denominated ''flauta rociera'', ''gaita rociera'' or sometimes ''pito rociero'' (a higher pitched whistle).
It was popular from an early date in [[France]], the [[Iberian Peninsula]] and [[Great Britain]] and remains in use there today.<ref name="The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide">[http://www.pipeandtabor.org/worldwide.htm The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070908235641/http://www.pipeandtabor.org/worldwide.htm |date=September 8, 2007 }}</ref> In the [[Basque Country (historical territory)|Basque Country]] it has increasingly gained momentum and prestige during the last century, especially during the last years of Franco's dictatorship, following that it turned into a hallmark of Basque identity and folk culture. New pipe and tabor schools have cropped up since throughout the country, providing along with tabor the musical background for traditional Basque dance ensembles (see [[txistu]]). In [[Andalusia]] these pipes (''flauta'' or ''gaita'' and the ''tambor'' or ''tamboril'') are played in celebrations, ''Cruces de Mayo'', sword dances<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302588608_DANZAS_DE_ESPADAS_Y_TOQUES_DE_TAMBORIL_EN_LA_SIERRA_Y_EL_ANDEVALO_ONUBENSES|title=DANZAS DE ESPADAS Y TOQUES DE TAMBORIL EN LA SIERRA Y EL ANDÉVALO ONUBENSES (PDF Download Available)|website=ResearchGate|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}}</ref> and ''romerías''; in the music used around ''Romería'' of ''El Rocío'' (Huelva, Andalucía) this same pipe is denominated ''flauta rociera'', ''gaita rociera'' or sometimes ''pito rociero'' (a higher pitched whistle).


The most common form of tabor pipe in the Basque region is tuned "tone, semitone, tone", as in the pipe of Andalusia<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://postmusicas-e.blogspot.com.es/2014/01/flauta-y-tamboril.html|title= Flauta y tamboril. Gaita de Huelva, gaita rociera, gaita andaluza|last=|website=postmusicas|access-date=2017-03-16}}</ref>. The most common form in Provence is tuned "tone, tone, tone". The English tabor pipe is commonly tuned "tone, tone, semitone", and corresponds to the three lowest holes of a [[tinwhistle]].<ref name="The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide"/>{{Failed verification|date=November 2014}}<!--Not only does this lead to a dead-link notification page, but even the helpful search engine offered there fails to lead to anything that confirms this claim.-->
The most common form of tabor pipe in the Basque region is tuned "tone, semitone, tone", as in the pipe of Andalusia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://postmusicas-e.blogspot.com.es/2014/01/flauta-y-tamboril.html|title= Flauta y tamboril. Gaita de Huelva, gaita rociera, gaita andaluza|last=|website=postmusicas|access-date=2017-03-16}}</ref> The most common form in Provence is tuned "tone, tone, tone". The English tabor pipe is commonly tuned "tone, tone, semitone", and corresponds to the three lowest holes of a [[tinwhistle]].<ref name="The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide"/>{{Failed verification|date=November 2014}}<!--Not only does this lead to a dead-link notification page, but even the helpful search engine offered there fails to lead to anything that confirms this claim.-->


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 08:55, 17 March 2017

Three-hole pipe
Other namesGaloubet, Schwegel, Schwiegel, Swegel, Tamerlinpfeife, Tämmerinpfeife
Classification
Playing range
1-2 octaves
Related instruments

The three-hole pipe, also commonly known as tabor pipe is a wind instrument designed to be played by one hand, leaving the other hand free to play a tabor drum, bell, psalterium or tambourin à cordes, bones, triangle or other percussive instrument.

The three-hole pipe's origins are not known, but it dates back at least to the 11th century.[1][failed verification]

It was popular from an early date in France, the Iberian Peninsula and Great Britain and remains in use there today.[2] In the Basque Country it has increasingly gained momentum and prestige during the last century, especially during the last years of Franco's dictatorship, following that it turned into a hallmark of Basque identity and folk culture. New pipe and tabor schools have cropped up since throughout the country, providing along with tabor the musical background for traditional Basque dance ensembles (see txistu). In Andalusia these pipes (flauta or gaita and the tambor or tamboril) are played in celebrations, Cruces de Mayo, sword dances[3] and romerías; in the music used around Romería of El Rocío (Huelva, Andalucía) this same pipe is denominated flauta rociera, gaita rociera or sometimes pito rociero (a higher pitched whistle).

The most common form of tabor pipe in the Basque region is tuned "tone, semitone, tone", as in the pipe of Andalusia.[4] The most common form in Provence is tuned "tone, tone, tone". The English tabor pipe is commonly tuned "tone, tone, semitone", and corresponds to the three lowest holes of a tinwhistle.[2][failed verification]

See also

References

  1. ^ The Taborer's Society
  2. ^ a b The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide Archived September 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "DANZAS DE ESPADAS Y TOQUES DE TAMBORIL EN LA SIERRA Y EL ANDÉVALO ONUBENSES (PDF Download Available)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
  4. ^ "Flauta y tamboril. Gaita de Huelva, gaita rociera, gaita andaluza". postmusicas. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
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