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He became known by the pseudonym ''Albanez''.<ref name="VukovićIvanović1984"/><ref name="Matkovski1985"/>
He became known by the pseudonym ''Albanez''.<ref name="VukovićIvanović1984"/><ref name="Matkovski1985"/>


== Russian service ==
== Establishment of Serb Hussar Regiment ==
⚫
Owing to [[Rákóczi's War of Independence]] (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the [[Military Frontier]] of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]] was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to [[Imperial Russia]] in the latter's struggle against the [[Ottomans]]. Prior to the beginning of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1710–11)]] Russian Emperor [[Peter the Great]] invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.
{{Main|Serb Hussar Regiment}}
⚫
Owing to [[Rákóczi's War of Independence]] (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the [[Military Frontier]] of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]] was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to [[Imperial Russia]] in the latter's struggle against the [[Ottomans]]. Prior to the beginning of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1710–11)]] Russian Emperor [[Peter the Great]] invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces. During this period, a small group of Serbs, including Jovan Albanez, emigrated to Russia from Austria. A small Serb unit commanded by then-[[Staff captain|Captain]]<ref name="Petrović1941"/> Albanez distinguished itself in the [[Pruth River Campaign]] (1710–11),<ref name="KirályRothenberg1979" /> so Peter the Great decided to expand this unit and turn it into a separate [[Serbian Hussar Regiment]].<ref name="Лалић2005">{{cite book|last=Дашић|first=Миомир|title=Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXUiAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Српско-украjинско друштво|page=76}}</ref>


In 1711, on the orders of count [[Sava Vladislavich]], together with colonel [[Mihailo Miloradovich]], he was sent to his native Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. His instructions were to grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk, and thus reach Montenegro via [[Moldavia]]. The duo disembarked in [[Grbalj]] and proceded to [[Cetinje]], where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of [[Danilo I, Metropolitan of Cetinje|metropolitan Danilo]]. They brought two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in [[Serbian Cyrillic]] and signed by Peter the Great on 3 March, in which the Russian Emperor calls upon the Christians of the Balkans to rise up against the Ottomans. They were both read on [[Vidovdan]] in front of a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.<ref name="Lopušina2015">{{cite book|author=Marko Lopušina|title=Špijuni majke Srbije|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbw1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12|year=2015|publisher=Agencija TEA BOOKS|isbn=978-86-6329-207-9|pages=12–}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vesti.rs/Moskva/Romanovi-i-Srbi-Osamnaesti-vek.html}}</ref>
Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the [[Pruth River Campaign]] (1710–11),<ref name="Petrović1941"/> where he distinguished himself.<ref name="KirályRothenberg1979"/> On 3 March 1711, Russian emperor [[Peter the Great]] called on the Balkan Christians to join Russia's fight against the Ottomans through a manifest written by Herzegovinian-born Russian count [[Sava Vladislavich]]. On the orders of count Vladislavich, Albanez and colonel [[Mihailo Miloradovich]] were sent back to Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. Albanez's instructions were to reach Montenegro via [[Moldavia]] and grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk. The duo disembarked in [[Grbalj]] and proceded to [[Cetinje]], where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of [[Danilo I, Metropolitan of Cetinje|metropolitan Danilo]]. They brought the two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in [[Serbian Cyrillic]] and signed by Peter the Great. They were read on [[Vidovdan]] at a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo in Cetinje. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.<ref name="Lopušina2015">{{cite book|author=Marko Lopušina|title=Špijuni majke Srbije|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbw1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12|year=2015|publisher=Agencija TEA BOOKS|isbn=978-86-6329-207-9|pages=12–}}</ref>


In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the [[Pomorišje]] and [[Potisje]] regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.<ref name="Cerović2002">{{cite book|last=Cerović|first=Ljubivoje|title=Srbi u Ukrajini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gL0WAQAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Muzej Vojvodine|page=30}}</ref> The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.<ref name=":0" /> Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges.
Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment.<ref name="Лалић2005">{{cite book|last=Дашић|first=Миомир|title=Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXUiAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Српско-украjинско друштво|page=76}}</ref> In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the [[Pomorišje]] and [[Potisje]] regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.<ref name="Cerović2002">{{cite book|last=Cerović|first=Ljubivoje|title=Srbi u Ukrajini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gL0WAQAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Muzej Vojvodine|page=30}}</ref> The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.<ref name=":0" /> Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.<ref name="Matkovski1985">{{cite book|last=Matkovski|first=Aleksandar|title=Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LlYYAAAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Misla|page=164|quote=За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех}}</ref> On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the [[Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)|Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia]] that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|title=Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-oJAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Srpska književna zadruga|pages=234, 235}}</ref> According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.<ref name=":0" /> They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established [[Serb Hussar Regiment]].<ref name="Cerović2002"/>

Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.<ref name="Matkovski1985">{{cite book|last=Matkovski|first=Aleksandar|title=Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LlYYAAAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Misla|page=164|quote=За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех}}</ref> On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the [[Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)|Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia]] that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|title=Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-oJAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Srpska književna zadruga|pages=234, 235}}</ref> According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.<ref name=":0" /> They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established [[Serb Hussar Regiment]].<ref name="Cerović2002"/>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 39: Line 36:
==Sources==
==Sources==
*{{cite book|author=P. M. Rudi︠a︡kov|title=Seoba Srba u Rusiju u 18. veku|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qoYdAQAAMAAJ|year=1995|publisher=Službeni list SRJ}}
*{{cite book|author=P. M. Rudi︠a︡kov|title=Seoba Srba u Rusiju u 18. veku|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qoYdAQAAMAAJ|year=1995|publisher=Službeni list SRJ}}
*{{cite web|title=Романови и Срби: Осамнаести век|date=22 April 2013|publisher=Vostok|url=http://www.vostok.rs/index.php?option=btg_novosti&idnovost=38992}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Albanez, Jovan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Albanez, Jovan}}

Revision as of 21:11, 12 April 2017

Jovan Albanez
Native name
Јован Албанез
Bornsecond half of the 17th century
Podgorica
Diedc. 1732
Russian Empire
Allegiance Russian Empire
RankColonel[1]
CommandsSerb Hussar Regiment
Battles / warsPruth River Campaign

Jovan Albanez (Template:Lang-sr; fl. 1711–d. c. 1732) or Ivan Albanez (Serbian, Template:Lang-ru, Template:Lang-uk) c. 1732) was a military officer of Montenegrin Serb origin who led the first group of colonists from the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to the Russian Empire in the first half of the 18th century.

Early life

An ethnic Serb,[2] born in the second half of the 17th century[3] in Podgorica,[4] his real name was Mojsije Mitanović (Template:Lang-sr,[5][6] Template:Lang-ru[7]). He was an Orthodox monk. He travelled to St. Petersburg with a Montenegrin delegation that was sent in 1711[7] together with vojvoda Slavuj Đaković, the third delegation sent to Russia by metropolitan Danilo.[5]

He became known by the pseudonym Albanez.[6][8]

Russian service

Owing to Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to Imperial Russia in the latter's struggle against the Ottomans. Prior to the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1710–11) Russian Emperor Peter the Great invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.

Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the Pruth River Campaign (1710–11),[2] where he distinguished himself.[4] On 3 March 1711, Russian emperor Peter the Great called on the Balkan Christians to join Russia's fight against the Ottomans through a manifest written by Herzegovinian-born Russian count Sava Vladislavich. On the orders of count Vladislavich, Albanez and colonel Mihailo Miloradovich were sent back to Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. Albanez's instructions were to reach Montenegro via Moldavia and grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk. The duo disembarked in Grbalj and proceded to Cetinje, where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of metropolitan Danilo. They brought the two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in Serbian Cyrillic and signed by Peter the Great. They were read on Vidovdan at a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo in Cetinje. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.[9]

Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment.[10] In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the Pomorišje and Potisje regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.[11] The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.[12] Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.[8] On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.[12] According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.[12] They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established Serb Hussar Regiment.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Зборник Матице српске за историју. Матица. 2007. p. 23.
  2. ^ a b Petrović, Mihailo (1941). Đerdapski ribolovi u prošlosti i u sadašnjosti. Izd. Zadužbine Mikh. R. Radivojeviča. p. 11. У Молдави над Прутом је у руској* војсци учествовао и капетан Јован Албанез, по Орфелину родом Србин из Подгорице.24) Он је командовао над једним омањим оделењем војника, које су сви у армији називали малоруским ...
  3. ^ Лесковац, Младен; Forišković, Aleksandar; Popov, Čedomir (2004). Српски биографски речник: А-Б. Vol. I. Будућност. p. 7. ISBN 978-86-83651-49-8.
  4. ^ a b Király, Béla K.; Rothenberg, Gunther Erich (1979). Special Topics and Generalizations on the 18th and 19th Centuries. Brooklyn College Press. p. 312. ISBN 978-0-930888-04-6.
  5. ^ a b Radoslav M. Raspopović (1996). Дипломатија Црне Горе: 1711-1918. Историјски институт Црне Горе. p. 32.
  6. ^ a b Čedo Vuković; Radomir V. Ivanović (1984). Mihailu Laliću u počast: zbornik radova. Prosveta. p. 14.
  7. ^ a b Институт славяноведения (Российская академия наук) (2003). Славянские народы Юго-Восточной Европы и Россия в XVIII в. Наука.
  8. ^ a b Matkovski, Aleksandar (1985). Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina. Misla. p. 164. За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех
  9. ^ Marko Lopušina (2015). Špijuni majke Srbije. Agencija TEA BOOKS. pp. 12–. ISBN 978-86-6329-207-9.
  10. ^ Дашић, Миомир (2005). Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века. Српско-украjинско друштво. p. 76.
  11. ^ a b Cerović, Ljubivoje (2002). Srbi u Ukrajini. Muzej Vojvodine. p. 30.
  12. ^ a b c Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.). Srpska književna zadruga. 1986. pp. 234, 235.

Sources

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